Segmental mandibular reconstruction in patients with poor lower extremity perfusion, vessel-depleted necks and/or profound medical frailty.

Purpose Of Review: Options for segmental mandibular reconstruction in patients poorly suited to undergo fibula free flap (FFF).

Recent Findings: Although FFF is the current 'gold standard' for segmental mandibular reconstruction, other reconstructive options must be considered when FFF is contraindicated or disfavoured and/or patient frailty precludes a lengthy anaesthetic. In addition to various nonvascularized and soft tissue only reconstructions, excellent osseous free flap alternatives for functional segmental mandibular reconstruction may be employed.

Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumors of the Sinonasal Area and Skull Base: Experience at a Single Institution.

Objectives: Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor (PMT) is a rare, polymorphous neoplasm with a highly variable presentation and natural history and unpredictable clinical course. The primary objective was to describe our clinical experience with and management of 4 markedly different cases of sinonasal and skull base PMT.

Methods: A retrospective case series with chart review, and relevant literature review, was performed at a tertiary academic medical center between 1998 and 2020.

Current Practices in Microvascular Reconstruction by Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

Purpose: Microvascular free tissue transfer (MFTT) is a reliable reconstructive option with variation in perioperative care and a general lack of clinical practice guidelines. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons' (OMSs) current MFTT perioperative practices in the United States have not been described. This study describes these practices including surgeon practice environment, operative practices, perioperative management, and success.

Facial Nerve Surgery in the Rat Model to Study Axonal Inhibition and Regeneration.

This protocol describes consistent and reproducible methods to study axonal regeneration and inhibition in a rat facial nerve injury model. The facial nerve can be manipulated along its entire length, from its intracranial segment to its extratemporal course. There are three primary types of nerve injury used for the experimental study of regenerative properties: nerve crush, transection, and nerve gap.

Delivery of Interleukin-4-Encoding Lentivirus Using Multiple-Channel Bridges Enhances Nerve Regeneration.

Objectives/hypothesis: Facial nerve injury is a source of major morbidity. This study investigated the neuroregenerative effects of inducing an anti-inflammatory environment when reconstructing a facial nerve defect with a multichannel bridge containing interleukin-4 (IL-4)-encoding lentivirus.

Study Design: Animal study.

Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Head and Neck Melanoma: Long-term Outcomes, Prognostic Value, Accuracy, and Safety.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term outcomes of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for head and neck cutaneous melanoma (HNCM).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary academic medical center.

Institutional Experience of Treatment and Outcomes for Cutaneous Periauricular Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objectives: To report our institutional experience, management, and outcomes of cutaneous periauricular squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Tertiary academic center.

Cranial nerve outcomes in regionally recurrent head & neck melanoma after sentinel lymph node biopsy.

Objective: Characterize long-term cranial nerve (CN) outcomes following sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) based management for head and neck cutaneous melanoma (HNCM).

Methods: Longitudinal review of HNCM patients undergoing SLNB from 1997-2007.

Results: Three hundred fifty-six patients were identified, with mean age 53.

Comparison of Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein With Vincristine for Facial Nerve Inhibition After Bilateral Axotomy in a Transgenic Thy1-Gfp Rat Model.

Importance: Aberrant synkinetic movement after facial nerve injury can lead to prominent facial asymmetry and resultant psychological distress. The current practices of neuroinhibition to promote greater facial symmetry are often temporary in nature and require repeated procedures.

Objective: To determine whether myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), a specific neuroinhibitor, can prevent neuroregeneration with efficacy comparable with that of vincristine, a well-established neurotoxin.

Effect of Motor versus Sensory Nerve Autografts on Regeneration and Functional Outcomes of Rat Facial Nerve Reconstruction.

Cranial nerve injury is disabling for patients, and facial nerve injury is particularly debilitating due to combined functional impairment and disfigurement. The most widely accepted approaches for reconstructing nerve gap injuries involve using sensory nerve grafts to bridge the nerve defect. Prior work on preferential motor reinnervation suggests, however, that motor pathways may preferentially support motoneuron regeneration after nerve injury.

Implication of Fusobacterium necrophorum in recurrence of peritonsillar abscess.

Objective: Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) is a common infectious complication of pharyngeal infection managed by otolaryngologists and emergency room physicians. Streptococcus and Fusobacterium (e.g.

Predictors of intratonsillar versus peritonsillar abscess: A case-control series.

Objectives/hypothesis: An uncommon phenomenon in relation to the peritonsillar abscess (PTA) is the intratonsillar abscess (ITA) or formation of an abscess within tonsillar parenchyma. This study sought to characterize our experience with diagnosis and management of ITAs in the context of the PTA patient population.

Study Design: Case-control series.

Predictors of intratonsillar abscess versus peritonsillar abscess in the pediatric patient.

Objective: To determine the incidence of intratonsillar abscess (ITA) patients within the population of patients diagnosed with peritonsillar abscess (PTA) and to further characterize the differences in symptomatology and successful treatment strategies between the two groups.

Methods: This study is a retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with PTA or ITA at our institution from 2000 to 2017. Descriptive and inferential statistics are reported, including univariate and multivariate analyses.

Current practices in microvascular reconstruction in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery.

Objectives/hypothesis: Despite major advances in the field of head and neck microvascular free tissue transfer (MFTT) over the past several decades, there are no standardized perioperative regimens for the care of patients undergoing free flap reconstructive surgery, and continued variation in practice exists. This study aimed to report current trends in the field of MFTT performed by otolaryngologists, including surgeon training, institutional operative practices, and perioperative management.

Study Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Reconstruction of Cheek Defects Secondary to Mohs Microsurgery or Wide Local Excision.

Successful reconstruction of the cheek following excision for cutaneous malignancy requires careful consideration of defect location, size, and depth in relation to the anatomic properties of the affected cheek unit. Various reconstructive options are available to the surgeon, ranging from simple excisions to complex cervicofacial advancements to meet the needs for functional and aesthetically pleasing reconstructive outcomes. The surgeon must prevent distortion of mobile structures, such as the eyelid, nose, and lips; respect aesthetic subunits; and avoid blunting natural creases.

Complications from office sclerotherapy for epistaxis due to hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT or Osler-Weber-Rendu).

Background: The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate adverse clinical outcomes following office-based sclerotherapy using sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) for epistaxis due to hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasias (HHT or Osler-Weber-Rendu).

Methods: A retrospective chart review of 36 adult patients treated with STS sclerotherapy for severe and/or recurrent epistaxis due to HHT was performed.

Results: A total of 153 separate treatment sessions were analyzed.