Applying assessments of adaptive capacity to inform natural-resource management in a changing climate.

Adaptive capacity (AC)-the ability of a species to cope with or accommodate climate change-is a critical determinant of species vulnerability. Using information on species' AC in conservation planning is key to ensuring successful outcomes. We identified connections between a list of species' attributes (e.

Historical changes in plant water use and need in the continental United States.

A robust method for characterizing the biophysical environment of terrestrial vegetation uses the relationship between Actual Evapotranspiration (AET) and Climatic Water Deficit (CWD). These variables are usually estimated from a water balance model rather than measured directly and are often more representative of ecologically-significant changes than temperature or precipitation. We evaluate trends and spatial patterns in AET and CWD in the Continental United States (CONUS) during 1980-2019 using a gridded water balance model.

Supporting the adaptive capacity of species through more effective knowledge exchange with conservation practitioners.

There is an imperative for conservation practitioners to help biodiversity adapt to accelerating environmental change. Evolutionary biologists are well-positioned to inform the development of evidence-based management strategies that support the adaptive capacity of species and ecosystems. Conservation practitioners increasingly accept that management practices must accommodate rapid environmental change, but harbour concerns about how to apply recommended changes to their management contexts.

The Second of Two One-Year, Multicenter, Open-Label, Repeat-Dose, Phase II Safety Studies of PrabotulinumtoxinA for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Glabellar Lines in Adult Patients.

Background: PrabotulinumtoxinA is a 900-kDa botulinum toxin type A produced by Clostridium botulinum.

Objectives: The authors sought to investigate the safety of prabotulinumtoxinA for treatment of glabellar lines.

Methods: This was a multicenter, open-label, repeat-dose, 1-year phase II safety study.

The First of Two One-Year, Multicenter, Open-Label, Repeat-Dose, Phase II Safety Studies of PrabotulinumtoxinA for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Glabellar Lines in Adult Patients.

Background: PrabotulinumtoxinA is a 900-kDa botulinum toxin type A produced by Clostridium botulinum.

Objectives: The authors sought to investigate the safety of prabotulinumtoxinA for treatment of glabellar lines.

Methods: This was a multicenter, open-label, repeat-dose, 1-year phase II safety study.

A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Single-Dose, Phase III, Non-Inferiority Study Comparing PrabotulinumtoxinA and OnabotulinumtoxinA for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Glabellar Lines in Adult Patients.

Background: PrabotulinumtoxinA is a 900-kDa botulinum toxin type A produced by Clostridium botulinum.

Objectives: The authors sought to investigate the efficacy and safety of prabotulinumtoxinA compared to onabotulinumtoxinA and placebo for the treatment of glabellar lines.

Methods: This was a 150-day, multicenter, double-blind, controlled, single-dose Phase III study.

Efficacy and Safety of PrabotulinumtoxinA for the Treatment of Glabellar Lines in Adult Subjects: Results From 2 Identical Phase III Studies.

Background: PrabotulinumtoxinA is a 900-kDa botulinum toxin Type A produced by Clostridium botulinum.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of prabotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of glabellar lines.

Materials And Methods: Adult subjects (n = 330 in EV-001; n = 324 in EV-002) with moderate to severe glabellar lines at maximum frown on the 4-point Glabellar Line Scale (GLS; 0 = no lines, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, and 3 = severe) were enrolled in 1 of 2 identical 150-day, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-dose, Phase III studies.

SERI surgical scaffold, prospective clinical trial of a silk-derived biological scaffold in two-stage breast reconstruction: 1-year data.

Background: SERI Surgical Scaffold is a long-term bioresorbable silk-derived biological scaffold developed to provide soft-tissue support and repair.

Methods: SURE-001 (ClinicalTrials.gov identification no.

Use of SERI Surgical Scaffold for Soft-tissue Support in a Massive Weight Loss Patient.

Patients with a history of massive weight loss have compromised and poor-quality skin and fascia. Various body contouring surgeries aim to improve appearance and shape of the trunk and restore fascial integrity. These patients may be at increased risk of recurrent fascial laxity or bulges after conventional techniques.

An evaluation of SERI surgical scaffold for soft-tissue support and repair in an ovine model of two-stage breast reconstruction.

This study was designed to evaluate the SERI Surgical Scaffold, a silk-derived bioresorbable scaffold, in an ovine model of two-stage breast reconstruction. Sheep were implanted bilaterally with either SERI or sham sutures during the stage 1 procedure. The SERI group underwent an exchange procedure for a breast implant at 3 months; animals in the sham group were killed at 3 months.

Exposure of U.S. National Parks to land use and climate change 1900-2100.

Many protected areas may not be adequately safeguarding biodiversity from human activities on surrounding lands and global change. The magnitude of such change agents and the sensitivity of ecosystems to these agents vary among protected areas. Thus, there is a need to assess vulnerability across networks of protected areas to determine those most at risk and to lay the basis for developing effective adaptation strategies.

The ecological future of the North American bison: conceiving long-term, large-scale conservation of wildlife.

Many wide-ranging mammal species have experienced significant declines over the last 200 years; restoring these species will require long-term, large-scale recovery efforts. We highlight 5 attributes of a recent range-wide vision-setting exercise for ecological recovery of the North American bison (Bison bison) that are broadly applicable to other species and restoration targets. The result of the exercise, the "Vermejo Statement" on bison restoration, is explicitly (1) large scale, (2) long term, (3) inclusive, (4) fulfilling of different values, and (5) ambitious.

Lateral thoracic excisions in the post massive weight loss patient.

The lateral vertical thoracic excision has been a useful adjunct to more traditional techniques. As more patients undergo massive weight loss, more patients will present to plastic surgeons with complaints of fullness and excess in areas of the body not addressed by more traditional techniques. The lateral vertical thoracic excision can offer a solution to a difficult problem.

A new approach to correction of truncal redundancy after massive weight loss--the lateral thoracoabdominoplasty.

Background: Problems after massive weight loss include residual transverse abdominal laxity, which is not well addressed by abdominoplasty or circumferential lipoplasty, and the lateral descent of the breast mound and inframammary fold, which is not well addressed by mastopexy.

Objective: The authors report a new approach, the lateral thoracoabdominoplasty, that uses a concealed mid-axillary incision to simultaneously address both of these issues.

Methods: Redundant tissue was resected from the lateral aspect of the trunk rather than through a traditional midline abdominal incision.

Spatial and temporal variability modify density dependence in populations of large herbivores.

A central challenge in ecology is to understand the interplay of internal and external controls on the growth of populations. We examined the effects of temporal variation in weather and spatial variation in vegetation on the strength of density dependence in populations of large herbivores. We fit three subsets of the model ln(Nt) = a + (1 + b) x ln(N(t-1)) + c x ln(N(t-2)) to five time series of estimates (Nt) of abundance of ungulates in the Rocky Mountains, USA.

Nutritional ecology of dimorphic herbivores: digestion and passage rates in Nubian ibex.

We compared forage digestion and passage rates among three groups of Nubian ibex (Capra ibex nubiana) - mature males, non-lactating females, and lactating females - to test hypotheses relating intraspecific digestive ability to body mass and reproduction costs. We hypothesized that large males (60 kg) would exhibit longer forage retention times and more complete digestion of fermentable cell walls than adult females (23 kg). We tested these predictions by measuring digestion and retention of a grass hay and an alfalfa hay, forages that exhibited contrasting rates and extents of cell wall digestion.