Characterization of adult patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome during the arboviral infection outbreaks in Honduras.

Arbovirus infections have been associated with a wide spectrum of neurological manifestations. Among these, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is one of the most common. This study describes the characteristics of GBS associated with arbovirus infections during the outbreak which occurred in Honduras from January 2016 to February 2019.

Chikungunya encephalitis, a case series from an endemic country.

Background: The Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV) was introduced into Honduras in 2015. Since then the WHO has reported more than 14,000 suspected cases in the country.

Objective: To describe the clinical, laboratory, neuroimaging, and pathological features of CHIKV encephalitis.

Benzodiazepine Withdrawal Catatonia, Delirium, and Seizures in a Patient With Schizoaffective Disorder.

Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms vary from mild anxiety to life-threatening delirium or seizures. In susceptible individuals, such as those with mood disorders, benzodiazepine withdrawal may also precipitate catatonia. A 26-year-old man with schizoaffective disorder (depressed type with catatonia) ran out of lorazepam and presented with catatonia, delirium, and seizures.

SPS: Understanding the complexity.

Introduction: Stiff-person syndrome (SPS), first described in 1956 by Moersch and Woltman, is a progressive autoimmune disorder with core features of chronic fluctuating progressive truncal and limb rigidity and painful muscle spasms leading to gait difficulties, falls and an appearance that resembles tin soldiers. The syndrome is a rare, highly disabling disorder of the central nervous and frequently results in significant disability. Understanding of the etiology, clinical spectrum, diagnostic workup and therapeutic modalities for this painful and disabling disorder has vastly evolved over the past few years with more confidence in classifying and treating the patients.

Spatial distribution of Zika in Honduras during 2016-2017 using geographic information systems (GIS) - Implications for public health and travel medicine.

Background: Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has significantly affected Latin America in 2015-2017. Most studies have been reported from Brazil and Colombia, and only a few from Central America. For these reasons, we analyzed the incidence, incidence rates and evolution of cases in Honduras from 2016 to 2017.

Current practice patterns in CIDP: A cross-sectional survey of neurologists in the United States.

To evaluate how neurologists make decisions regarding chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), we conducted a cross-sectional quantitative survey of 100 community neurologists in the United States. Only 13% cited using the European Federation of Neurological Societies/Peripheral Nerve Society guideline. In addition, variability in treatment approaches existed regarding the dose of IVIg used, the length of IVIg therapy before determining response, the outcome measures used to determine IVIg response, and the protocol for weaning off therapy.

Whipple's disease.

Whipple's disease is a rare, chronic, systemic infectious disorder with prominent intestinal manifestations. It presents with weight loss, arthralgia, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. There are different entities of infection or carriage, respectively, classical Whipple's disease, localized WD, and Isolated Neurological WD.

Is electrodiagnosic testing for polyneuropathy overutilized?

Distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSP) is one of the most common problems seen in clinical practice and one of the most frequent reasons for electrodiagnostic (EDx) testing. Most studies have supported the use of EDx testing for patients with suspected DSP. Some recent articles assert that EDx testing has a low yield in suspected DSP and is only needed for atypical presentations (a minority).

Inflammation in the pathogenesis of lyme neuroborreliosis.

Lyme neuroborreliosis, caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, affects both peripheral and central nervous systems. We assessed a causal role for inflammation in Lyme neuroborreliosis pathogenesis by evaluating the induced inflammatory changes in the central nervous system, spinal nerves, and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of rhesus macaques that were inoculated intrathecally with live B. burgdorferi and either treated with dexamethasone or meloxicam (anti-inflammatory drugs) or left untreated.

Unihemispheric burst suppression.

Burst suppression (BS) consists of bursts of high-voltage slow and sharp wave activity alternating with periods of background suppression in the electroencephalogram (EEG). When induced by deep anesthesia or encephalopathy, BS is bihemispheric and is often viewed as a non-epileptic phenomenon. In contrast, unihemispheric BS is rare and its clinical significance is poorly understood.

Fabry's disease.

Fabry's disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by abnormalities in the GLA gene, which leads to a deficiency in α-galactosidase A. The abnormal accumulation of glycosphingolipids, primarily globotriaosylceramide, manifests as serious and progressive impairment of renal and cardiac functions. In addition, patients experience pain, gastrointestinal disturbance, transient ischemic attacks and strokes.

Quality improvement in neurology: Distal symmetric polyneuropathy quality measures.

Peripheral neuropathy is a common neurologic disorder, affecting 2% to 8% of the population in population-based studies with confirmation by neurologist examination. These prevalence numbers are remarkably stable across developed countries. In 1999, 8.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease: an overview of genotypes, phenotypes, and clinical management strategies.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, which encompasses several hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies, is one of the most common neuromuscular disorders. Our understanding of the molecular genotypes of CMT and the resultant clinical and electrophysiological phenotypes has increased greatly in the past decade. Characterized by electrodiagnostic studies into demyelinating (type 1) and axonal (type 2) forms, subsequent genetic testing often provides an exact diagnosis of a specific subtype of CMT.

Administration of glucocorticoids in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common neuromuscular disease affecting boys. Advances in their care can delay the progression of DMD-related disability and prolong survival. The administration of glucocorticoids is among these advances.