Adopting a Novel Approach to Prevent and Address Patient Mistreatment of Staff in a Community Mental Health Center.

Verbal mistreatment of staff by patients is common in health care settings. Experiencing or witnessing mistreatment can have harmful psychological impacts, affecting well-being and clinical practice. As part of an effort to become an antiracist organization, an academic community mental health center based in Connecticut developed an initiative to address verbal mistreatment.

Risk of deaths due to injuries in travellers: a systematic review.

Background: Annual global travel reached an all-time high of 1.4 billion international tourist visits in 2019. It is estimated that injury accounts for close to 25% of deaths in travellers, most of which are theoretically preventable.

Reducing the Duration of Untreated Psychosis (DUP) in a US Community: A Quasi-Experimental Trial.

Objective: Duration of Untreated Psychosis (DUP) remains unacceptably long and limits effectiveness of care. To determine whether an early detection campaign ("Mindmap") can reduce DUP in a US community setting.

Methods: In this nonrandomized controlled trial, Mindmap targeted the catchment of one specialty first-episode service or FES (STEP, Greater New Haven) from 2015 to 2019, while usual detection efforts continued at a control FES (PREP, Greater Boston).

Corrigendum to: Reducing the Duration of Untreated Psychosis (DUP) in a US Community: A Quasi-Experimental Trial.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgab057.].

Establishing the Early Psychosis Intervention Clinic, New Orleans (EPIC-NOLA): Sustainability Challenges Threaten Clinical Success.

This paper describes the implementation of the first coordinated specialty care clinic for first episode psychosis in New Orleans, Louisiana (Early Psychosis Intervention Clinic-New Orleans), a historically underserved area. Successes, lessons, and challenges will be explored in the context of a mission to provide highest quality clinical care in the current insurance reimbursement systems.

Epidemiology of Rabies and Current US Vaccine Guidelines.

Rabies is an acute encephalitis that is caused by rabies virus (RABV) infection, which belongs to the Rhabdoviridae family of viruses. It causes about 59,000 human deaths per year (although this number may be under-reported) and is generally fatal, once signs and symptoms begin to appear. Rabies is still very prevalent and under- reported, particularly in low to middle-income countries such as Asia and Africa, where there is lack of access to healthcare and domestic dogs are not widely vaccinated.

Tetanus Vaccination 2020 and Collateral Protections against Pertussis and Diphtheria.

Tetanus is a life-threatening but vaccine-preventable disease caused by the toxin of the bacterium Clostridium tetani and is characterized by muscle spasms and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. It is prevented through vaccination with tetanus toxoid, but because the causative agent is widespread in the environment, eradication is impossible. Therefore, efforts to reduce incidence are aimed at reaching elimination, rather than eradication.

Predictive validity of conversion from the clinical high risk syndrome to frank psychosis.

Although the clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) paradigm has become well-established over the past two decades, one key component has received surprisingly little investigative attention: the predictive validity of the criteria for conversion or transition to frank psychosis. The current study evaluates the predictive validity of the transition to psychosis as measured by the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS) in CHR individuals. Participants included 33 SIPS converters and 399 CHR non-converters both from the North American Prodromal Longitudinal Study (NAPLS-2), as well as a sample of 67 separately ascertained first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients from the STEP program.

An Economic Evaluation of Coordinated Specialty Care (CSC) Services for First-Episode Psychosis in the U.S. Public Sector.

Background: Schizophrenia spectrum disorders exert a large and disproportionate economic impact. Early intervention services may be able to alleviate the burden of schizophrenia spectrum disorders on diagnosed individuals, caregivers, and society at large. Economic analyses of observational studies have supported investments in specialized team-based care for early psychosis; however, questions remain regarding the economic viability of first-episode services in the fragmented U.

The dose-dependent psychomotor effects of intravenous delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-THC) in humans.

Background: Binding studies have demonstrated that levels of the cannabinoid receptor type-1 are highest in the basal ganglia and cerebellum, two areas critical for motor control. However, no studies have systematically examined the dose-related effects of intravenous delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, the primary cannabinoid receptor type-1 partial agonist in cannabis, on broad domains of psychomotor function in humans.

Aims: Therefore, three domains of psychomotor function were assessed in former cannabis users (cannabis abstinent for a minimum of three months; n=23) in a three test-day, within-subject, double-blind, randomized, cross-over, and counterbalanced study during which they received intravenous delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (placebo, 0.

The Psychiatric Consequences of Cannabinoids.

With rising rates of cannabis use in the general population and an increasing number of US states legalizing both recreational and medical cannabis use, it is important to be informed about the adverse consequences of cannabinoids. This Commentary provides an overview of the psychiatric effects of plant-based and synthetic cannabinoids, differentiating acute effects from effects associated with persistent use. Cannabinoids produce multiphasic and dose-dependent effects on anxiety, mood, and perception, in addition to impairing cognition and psychomotor function.

A Prescription for "Deprescribing" in Psychiatry.

The term "deprescribing," initially coined in geriatric medicine, describes a process of pharmacologic regimen optimization through reduction or cessation of medications for which benefits no longer outweigh risks. Burgeoning rates of polypharmacy, growing appreciation of long-term adverse effects, and a focus on patient-centered practice present specific indications for deprescribing in psychiatry. A strong therapeutic alliance, appropriate timing, and consideration of the meaning of medication for the patient must accompany the following established elements: review of all medications, identification of medications that could be ceased or reduced, collaborative planning of the deprescribing regimen, and provision of review and support to the patient and caregivers.

The psychosis-like effects of Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol are associated with increased cortical noise in healthy humans.

Background: Drugs that induce psychosis may do so by increasing the level of task-irrelevant random neural activity or neural noise. Increased levels of neural noise have been demonstrated in psychotic disorders. We tested the hypothesis that neural noise could also be involved in the psychotomimetic effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ(9)-THC), the principal active constituent of cannabis.

Reducing the duration of untreated psychosis and its impact in the U.S.: the STEP-ED study.

Background: Early intervention services for psychotic disorders optimally interlock strategies to deliver: (i) Early Detection (ED) to shorten the time between onset of psychotic symptoms and effective treatment (i.e. Duration of Untreated Psychosis, DUP); and (ii) comprehensive intervention during the subsequent 2 to 5 years.

Travel-associated disease among US residents visiting US GeoSentinel clinics after return from international travel.

Background: US residents make 60 million international trips annually. Family practice providers need to be aware of travel-associated diseases affecting this growing mobile population.

Objective: To describe demographics, travel characteristics and clinical diagnoses of US residents who present ill after international travel.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation of Wernicke's and Right homologous sites to curtail "voices": a randomized trial.

Background: Auditory/verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are accompanied by activation in Wernicke's and right homologous regions. Efficacy in curtailing AVHs via 1-Hz repetitive magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeting a site in each region ("W" and "rW") was therefore studied.

Methods: Patients with schizophrenia and AVHs (N = 83) were randomly allocated to double-masked rTMS versus sham stimulation, with blocks of five sessions given to W and rW in random order, followed by five sessions to the site yielding greater improvement.

Effects of motivation and medication on electrophysiological markers of response inhibition in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Background: Theories of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) posit either executive deficits and/or alterations in motivational style and reward processing as core to the disorder. Effects of motivational incentives on electrophysiological correlates of inhibitory control and relationships between motivation and stimulant medication have not been explicitly tested.

Methods: Children (9-15 years) with combined-type ADHD (n = 28) and matched typically developing children (CTRL) (n = 28) performed a go/no-go task.

Electrophysiological indices of abnormal error-processing in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Background: Impaired cognitive control has been frequently observed in children and young people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and might underlie the excessive hyperactivity and impulsivity in this population. We investigated behavioural and electrophysiological indices relevant to one domain of cognitive control; namely error processing.

Methods: Adolescents aged 14 to 17 with ADHD (n = 23) and a typically developing control group (HC; n = 19) performed a visual go/no-go task.