Development and Evaluation of a Bariatric Mannequin Simulation System.

Physical assessment of obese patients is an essential clinical skill for identifying the numerous health problems of obese patients and monitoring treatment effectiveness. Use of simulation mannequins facilitates teaching and learning of physical assessment. Available bariatric simulation mannequins have poor functional design, unrealistic appearance, and limited assessment functions.

Development and Evaluation of a Wearable Simulator System.

Background: Peer physical examination is a clinical teaching-learning approach used for decades because of the convenient sample of peers for practicing. However, this approach has limitations when learning to assess abnormalities and threatens psychologically safe learning. A wearable simulator system was designed for learning physical examination skills to minimize ethical and learning challenges.

The extent of violence inflicted on adolescent Aboriginal girls in the Northern Territory.

Background: Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women are at very high risk of violence but there is little evidence about the age at which their higher exposure to violence commences. The aim of this study was to investigate violence inflicted on Aboriginal girls during childhood and adolescence, relative to Aboriginal boys and non-Aboriginal girls.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using de-identified administrative data for NT residents aged 0-17 years.

Projected Augmented Reality (P-AR) for Enhancing Nursing Education About Pressure Injury: A Pilot Evaluation Study.

Purpose: To describe results of a study evaluating a Projected Augmented Reality (P-AR) system for its potential to enhance nursing education about pressure injuries.

Design: Pilot evaluation survey.

Subjects And Setting: The sample comprised nursing students and faculty at a school of nursing in a large, Midwestern public university.

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women's views of cervical screening by self-collection: a qualitative study.

Objective: This study aimed to describe Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women's views of self-collection introduced in the renewed National Cervical Screening Program.

Methods: A total of 79 Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander women (50 screened in previous five years, 29 under-screened) from five clinics across three Australian states/territories participated. Topics discussed were perceptions of self-collection, the instruction card and suggestions for implementing self-collection.

Access to Aboriginal Community-Controlled Primary Health Organizations Can Explain Some of the Higher Pap Test Participation Among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Women in North Queensland, Australia.

Background: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community-Controlled Health Organisations (ACCHOs) provides culturally appropriate primary care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia. The population of North Queensland has a higher proportion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, a greater population coverage of ACCHOs, and higher cervical screening participation than the Rest of Queensland. The association between regional differences in the use of ACCHOs for cervical screening and variations in screening participation among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women is currently unknown.

Investigating inequities in cardiovascular care and outcomes for Queensland Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: protocol for a hospital-based retrospective cohort data linkage project.

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a significant burden of disease for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, a population that continues to experience a lower life expectancy than other Australians. The aim of the Better Cardiac Care Data Linkage project is to describe patient care pathways and to identify disparities in care and health outcomes between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and other Queensland residents diagnosed with CVD in the state of Queensland.

Methods: This is a population-based retrospective cohort study using linked regional, state and national health and administrative data collections to describe disparities in CVD healthcare in primary and secondary prevention settings and during hospitalisation.

Health care provider perspectives on cervical screening for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women: a qualitative study.

Objective: To investigate perspectives of primary health care providers (HCPs) on providing cervical screening for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women, who experience a higher burden of cervical cancer than other Australian women.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews with 13 HCPs from four Australian Indigenous primary health care centres (PHCCs). Transcripts were thematically analysed.

Temporal and area-level variation in prevalence of high-grade histologically confirmed cervical abnormalities among Indigenous and non-Indigenous women, Queensland, Australia, 2008-2017.

Objective: Despite Australia's National Cervical Screening Program, Indigenous women have a disproportionately high burden of cervical cancer. We describe temporal and area-level patterns in prevalence of histologically conformed high-grade cervical abnormalities (hHGA) among cytologically screened women by Indigenous status.

Methods: This was a population-based study of 2,132,925 women, aged 20-69, who underwent cervical screening between 2008 and 2017, in Queensland, Australia.

Patterns of child protection service involvement by Aboriginal children associated with a higher risk of self-harm in adolescence: A retrospective population cohort study using linked administrative data.

Background: A history of child maltreatment is known to elevate the risk of self-harm in adolescence. However, this link has not been investigated for Aboriginal children who experience a greater burden of both.

Objective: Identify patterns of involvement with child protection services by Aboriginal children associated with a higher risk of self-harm in adolescence.

Automated Detection of Real-World Falls: Modeled From People With Multiple Sclerosis.

Falls are a major health problem with one in three people over the age of 65 falling each year, oftentimes causing hip fractures, disability, reduced mobility, hospitalization and death. A major limitation in fall detection algorithm development is an absence of real-world falls data. Fall detection algorithms are typically trained on simulated fall data that contain a well-balanced number of examples of falls and activities of daily living.

Spatial and temporal variations in cervical cancer screening participation among indigenous and non-indigenous women, Queensland, Australia, 2008-2017.

Background: Cervical cancer incidence and mortality have declined in Australia since the implementation of a national cervical screening program in 1991, however, disparities in both measures between Indigenous and non-Indigenous women remain. We describe spatial and temporal changes in Pap test participation rates by Indigenous status for Queensland (Australia). Analyses were done in the context of renewed screening program in December 2017.

Acute myocardial infarction incidence and survival in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal populations: an observational study in the Northern Territory of Australia, 1992-2014.

Objectives: To examine long-term trends in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) incidence and survival among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting, Participants: All first AMI hospital cases and deaths due to ischaemic heart disease in the Northern Territory of Australia (NT), 1992-2014.

Views of wheelchair users and caregivers regarding a passive safety monitoring system for electric powered wheelchair operators with cognitive impairment.

The opinions of cognitively intact current wheelchair users and their professional caregivers were solicited to explore acceptability of the concept of a passive electric wheelchair-mounted movement monitor to track driving safety and cognitive impairment. Two focus groups of electric wheelchair users (N = 9), and two focus groups of staff caregivers (N = 8) were conducted at a congregate care facility. Participants also completed a questionnaire examining their perceptions of the concept.

First-Time Grandparents' Role Satisfaction and Its Determinants.

This article focuses on satisfaction with the grandparent role at 1 and 2 years after the transition to grandparenthood. Three hundred and eighteen grandparents (male and female) were initially recruited and required to complete a well-validated self-report measure of grandparent satisfaction, together with self-report questionnaires assessing a range of characteristics which might predict role satisfaction. The main finding was that grandparent-grandchild attachment (bonding) was the most powerful predictor.

Recurrence patterns identify aggressive form of human papillomavirus-dependent vulvar cancer.

Background: Vulvar cancer is rare and, as a result, is understudied. Treatment is predominantly surgery, irrespective of the type of vulvar cancer, and is associated with physical, emotional and sexual complications. A cluster of human papillomavirus (HPV)-dependent vulvar cancer patients was identified in Arnhem Land Northern Territory (NT), Australia, in which young Indigenous women were diagnosed at 70 times the national incidence rate.

Limited progress in closing the mortality gap for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians of the Northern Territory.

Objectives: To assess whether progress is being made towards reducing Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander inequality in life expectancy and under-five mortality in the Northern Territory.

Methods: Life tables for five-year periods from 1966-71 to 2011-16 were calculated using standard abridged life table methods with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander deaths and population estimates as inputs. The latter were calculated using reverse cohort survival.

Design and Evaluation of a Non-ContactBed-Mounted Sensing Device for AutomatedIn-Home Detection of Obstructive Sleep Apnea:A Pilot Study.

We conducted a pilot study to evaluate the accuracy of a custom built non-contactpressure-sensitive device in diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity as an alternative toin-laboratory polysomnography (PSG) and a Type 3 in-home sleep apnea test (HSAT). Fourteenpatients completed PSG sleep studies for one night with simultaneous recording from ourload-cell-based sensing device in the bed. Subjects subsequently installed pressure sensors in theirbed at home and recorded signals for up to four nights.

Possible role for glucagon in the control of Paget's disease of bone.

Paget's disease of bone is characterised by overactive osteoclasts that resorb bone at a higher rate than normal. Osteoblasts attempt to repair the damage by laying down new bone which in turn is resorbed leaving a chaotic pattern of lytic and dense sclerotic bone behind. Deformed bone enlarges, becomes vascularised, bends and fractures.

In-Home Sleep Apnea Severity Classification using Contact-free Load Cells and an AdaBoosted Decision Tree Algorithm.

We present a method for automated diagnosis and classification of severity of sleep apnea using an array of non-contact pressure-sensitive sensors placed underneath a mattress as an alternative to conventional obtrusive sensors. Our algorithm comprises two stages: i) A decision tree classifier that identifies patients with sleep apnea, and ii) a subsequent linear regression model that estimates the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), which is used to determine the severity of sleep disordered breathing. We tested our algorithm on a cohort of 14 patients who underwent overnight home sleep apnea test.

Design and evaluation of a portable smart-phone based peripheral neuropathy test platform.

In this paper, we describe a novel portable test platform that can be used to test peripheral neuropathy either within a clinic or at home. The system, called the PeriVib, is comprised of (1) a small, custom vibration motor designed to apply a vibration stimulus to the toe with constant pressure to test sensation threshold, and (2) a custom smart-phone app that enables a patient to run a series of functional gait and balance tests. Vibration is applied by PeriVib in two separate modes.

Aboriginal women have a higher risk of cervical abnormalities at screening; South Australia, 1993-2016.

Objective: Cervical cancer mortality has halved in Australia since the national cervical screening program began in 1991, but elevated mortality rates persist for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women (referred to as Aboriginal women in this report). We investigated differences by Aboriginal status in abnormality rates predicted by cervical cytology and confirmed by histological diagnoses among screened women.

Methods: Using record linkage between cervical screening registry and public hospital records in South Australia, we obtained Aboriginal status of women aged 20-69 for 1993-2016 (this was not recorded by the registry).