Differential diagnosis of vitamin D-related hypercalcemia using serum vitamin D metabolite profiling.

Genetic causes of vitamin D-related hypercalcemia are known to involve mutation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-24-hydroxylase CYP24A1 or the sodium phosphate co-transporter SLC34A1, which result in excessive 1,25-(OH) D hormonal action. However, at least 20% of idiopathic hypercalcemia (IH) cases remain unresolved. In this case-control study, we used precision vitamin D metabolite profiling based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) of an expanded range of vitamin D metabolites to screen German and French cohorts of hypercalcemia patients, to identify patients with altered vitamin D metabolism where involvement of CYP24A1 or SLC34A1 mutation had been ruled out and who possessed normal 25-OH-D :24,25-(OH) D ratios.

Vitamin D supplements: The pharmacists' perspective.

Objective: The purpose of this narrative review was to provide guidance for pharmacists concerning vitamin D supplementation.

Methods: Relevant studies were identified in a search of MEDLINE/PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar from January 1966 to September 2020 using the search terms vitamin D, vitamin D, vitamin D, calcitriol, and vitamin D deficiency. Abstracts were reviewed for relevance and, if relevant, full-text articles were retrieved and reviewed.

Prasterone has parallel beneficial effects on the main symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy: 52-week open-label study.

Objective: An objective was to analyze the time course of efficacy of daily intravaginal administration of 0.5% (6.5mg) DHEA (prasterone) for 52 weeks on the moderate to severe (MS) symptoms and signs of vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA).

Efficacy of desvenlafaxine succinate for menopausal hot flashes.

Introduction: The concern for the development of breast cancer, stroke, cardiovascular disease and deep venous thrombosis with the use of hormonal therapy has led to the development of alternative nonhormonal forms of therapy like desvenlafaxine for the management of hot flashes.

Areas Covered: This review is based upon a PubMed search and clinical trials. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of desvenlafaxine are reviewed.

Incidence of hypercalciuria and hypercalcemia during vitamin D and calcium supplementation in older women.

Objective: This study aims to prospectively assess the incidence of hypercalciuria and hypercalcemia with different doses of vitamin D and with a calcium intake of approximately 1,200 mg/day.

Methods: This was a 1-year randomized placebo-controlled study of vitamin D (400-4,800 IU/d) in 163 white women aged 57 to 90 years. Calcium citrate tablets (200 mg) were added to the diet to achieve a total calcium intake of approximately 1,200 mg/day in all groups.

Bazedoxifene + conjugated estrogens in HT for the prevention of osteoporosis and treatment of vasomotor symptoms associated with the menopause.

Introduction: The recent concept that estrogen agonist-antagonists, often referred to as selective estrogen receptor modulators, can be combined with an estrogen has led to the development of a novel form of menopausal therapy called Tissue-Selective Estrogen Complex (TSEC). This paper reviews the TSEC bazedoxifene and conjugated equine estrogens (BZA/CE).

Areas Covered: This review is based on clinical trials and a PubMed search.

Changes in bone mineral density are correlated with bone markers and reductions in hot flush severity in postmenopausal women treated with bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens.

Objective: A post hoc exploratory analysis was conducted to examine correlations between changes in bone density, bone markers, and hot flushes after the treatment of postmenopausal women with bazedoxifene (BZA)/conjugated estrogens (CE).

Methods: In a 2-year phase 3 study, 3,397 postmenopausal women were randomized to BZA 10 mg/CE 0.45 mg, BZA 20 mg/CE 0.

Bone mineral density-affecting genes in Africans.

Background: We have recently reported the role of environmental exposure in the ethnic diversity of bone mineral density (BMD). Potential genetic difference has not been adequately assessed.

Purpose: To determine allele frequencies of BMD-affecting genes and their association with BMD in Africans.

Bone mineral density of recent African immigrants in the United States.

Background: Racial/ethnic difference in bone mineral density (BMD) exists. The underlying mechanism is unclear and needs investigation.

Purpose: To determine BMD and its relation to environmental exposure in recent African immigrants.