Applying multivariate analysis for optimising the electrodialytic removal of Cu and Pb from shooting range soils.

Multivariate analysis was applied to simultaneously evaluate the influence of soil properties and experimental variables on electrodialytic removal of Cu and Pb from three shooting range soils. Both stationary and stirred set-ups in laboratory scale were tested, representing in-situ and ex-situ remediation conditions, respectively. Within the same experimental space, higher removal of the targeted metals, Cu and Pb, were observed in the stirred set-up (9-81%) compared to the stationary set-up (0-41%).

Influence of electrode placement for mobilising and removing metals during electrodialytic remediation of metals from shooting range soil.

Electrodialytic remediation was applied to a shooting range soil to investigate the influence of electrode placement on the removal and binding of metals during the treatment. The set-up was based on a 2-compartment cell, in which the cathode was separated from the soil by a cation exchange membrane and the anode was placed directly in the soil, thereby introducing protons and oxygen directly in the soil. Mobilisation of metals from less available fractions (oxidisable and residual) in the soil occurred, due to oxidation/dissolution of insoluble/soluble organic matter and possibly metal oxides in the residual fraction.