Calibration free approaches for rapid polymorph discrimination low frequency (THz) Raman spectroscopy.

Application of multivariate curve resolution to non-invasive Raman spectra has been investigated for rapid on-line analysis of crystallisation processes and high-throughput screening. Exploring quantification of mefenamic acid solid forms (form I, form II, and dimethylformamide solvate) from the Raman spectra indicated excellent agreement with off-line X-ray analysis.

Pathological microcircuits initiate epileptiform events in patient hippocampal slices.

How seizures begin at the level of microscopic neural circuits remains unknown. High-density CMOS microelectrode arrays provide a new avenue for investigating neuronal network activity, with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution. We use high-density CMOS-based microelectrode arrays to probe the network activity of human hippocampal brain slices from six patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy in the presence of hyperactivity promoting media.

Multiscale Cloud-Based Pipeline for Neuronal Electrophysiology Analysis and Visualization.

Electrophysiology offers a high-resolution method for real-time measurement of neural activity. Longitudinal recordings from high-density microelectrode arrays (HD-MEAs) can be of considerable size for local storage and of substantial complexity for extracting neural features and network dynamics. Analysis is often demanding due to the need for multiple software tools with different runtime dependencies.

Multimodal evaluation of network activity and optogenetic interventions in human hippocampal slices.

Seizures are made up of the coordinated activity of networks of neurons, suggesting that control of neurons in the pathologic circuits of epilepsy could allow for control of the disease. Optogenetics has been effective at stopping seizure-like activity in non-human disease models by increasing inhibitory tone or decreasing excitation, although this effect has not been shown in human brain tissue. Many of the genetic means for achieving channelrhodopsin expression in non-human models are not possible in humans, and vector-mediated methods are susceptible to species-specific tropism that may affect translational potential.

A contact binary satellite of the asteroid (152830) Dinkinesh.

Asteroids with diameters less than about 5 km have complex histories because they are small enough for radiative torques (that is, YORP, short for the Yarkovsky-O'Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack effect) to be a notable factor in their evolution. (152830) Dinkinesh is a small asteroid orbiting the Sun near the inner edge of the main asteroid belt with a heliocentric semimajor axis of 2.19 AU; its S-type spectrum is typical of bodies in this part of the main belt.

Single-level laminoplasty approach to selective dorsal rhizotomy with conus localization by rapid spine MRI.

Introduction: While selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) was originally described as a multilevel approach, single-level approaches are now popularized. Conus localization is beneficial for operative planning in single-level selective dorsal rhizotomy. Our approach to SDR involves minimal exposure for a single-level laminoplasty, preserving one attached interspinous ligament.

Mucinous ovarian carcinoma: A survey of practice in Australia and New Zealand.

Background: Mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) is a rare ovarian cancer with limited evidence to support clinical care.

Aims: We undertook a clinician survey to better understand current practice in treating MOC in Australia and New Zealand, and to determine any features associated with variation in care. In addition, we aimed to understand future research priorities.

Precision Education: The Future of Lifelong Learning in Medicine.

The goal of medical education is to produce a physician workforce capable of delivering high-quality equitable care to diverse patient populations and communities. To achieve this aim amidst explosive growth in medical knowledge and increasingly complex medical care, a system of personalized and continuous learning, assessment, and feedback for trainees and practicing physicians is urgently needed. In this perspective, the authors build on prior work to advance a conceptual framework for such a system: precision education (PE).

Patient involvement in research within the Gynecological Cancer InterGroup: A call to action for a systematic approach: Results from a survey.

Background And Aims: Involving patients in research, not only as trial subjects, is not a newly established practice. Over the last two decades, patient roles have gradually expanded to become active research contributors, creating a more patient-centered research landscape. Our survey has explored the scope of patient involvement within the Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup (GCIG), an International Gynecologic Cancer Research Consortium, and identified challenges in developing a systematic, meaningful and sustainable level of patient involvement.

The big business of sustainable food production and consumption: Exploring the transition to alternative proteins.

A widespread sense of the unsustainability of the food system has taken hold in recent years, leading to calls for fundamental change. The role of animal agriculture is central to many of these debates, leading to interest in the possibility of a "protein transition," whereby the production and consumption of animal-derived foods is replaced with plant-based substitutes or "alternative proteins." Despite the potential sustainability implications of this transition, the developmental trajectories and transformative potential of the associated technologies remain underexplored.

Intraventricular meningioma resection and visual outcomes.

Objective: Intraventricular meningiomas (IVMs) of the lateral ventricle are rare tumors that present surgical challenges because of their deep location. Visual field deficits (VFDs) are one risk associated with these tumors and their treatment. VFDs may be present preoperatively due to the tumor and mass effect (tumor VFDs) or may develop postoperatively due to the surgical approach (surgical VFDs).

Rapid determination of levels of the main constituents in e-liquids by near infrared spectroscopy.

Use of e-cigarettes is increasing, alongside an expanding variety of devices and e-liquids. To match this growth and in line with the expanding legal and regulatory requirements applicable to manufacturers of e-cigarettes (e.g.

Relationship Between Paraoxonase-1 Genotype and Activity, and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Malignancies in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Receiving Tofacitinib.

Objective: This posthoc analysis investigated the relationship between paraoxonase-1 (PON1) genotype and activity, and risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and malignancies in clinical studies of tofacitinib in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: Data were pooled from 9 phase II/III studies and the associated long-term extension studies (all completed by October 2017). PON1 activities in plasma were measured using paraoxon (paraoxonase activity), dihydrocoumarin (lactonase activity), and phenylacetate (arylesterase activity) as substrates.

Easing the Entry of Qualified International Medical Graduates to U.S. Medical Practice.

Almost one quarter of physicians and physicians-in-training in the United States are international medical graduates (IMGs), meaning they have graduated from a medical school not accredited in the United States. Some IMGs are U.S.

Supporting Medical Education Innovation: Evaluation of a Grants Initiative.

Problem: Medical education must evolve to meet the changing needs of patients and communities. Innovation is a critical component of that evolution. As medical educators pursue innovative curricula, assessments, and evaluation techniques, the impact of innovations may be limited by minimal funding.

Update on Pediatric Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Rural and Underserved Regions: A Global Perspective.

Background: Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) causes morbidity and disability worldwide. Pediatric patients are uniquely vulnerable due to developmental and psychosocial factors. Reduced healthcare access in rural/underserved communities impair management and outcome.

Exercise during CHemotherapy for Ovarian cancer (ECHO) trial: design and implementation of a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Epidemiological evidence supports an association between higher levels of physical activity and improved cancer survival. Trial evidence is now needed to demonstrate the effect of exercise in a clinical setting. The xercise during emotherapy for varian cancer (ECHO) trial is a phase III, randomised controlled trial, designed to determine the effect of exercise on progression-free survival and physical well-being for patients receiving first-line chemotherapy for ovarian cancer.

Institutional networks in cooperative population management: Exploring patterns in transfer fulfillment.

Long-term sustainability of ex-situ animal populations is important for zoos and aquariums, but challenging due to inconsistent compliance with Breeding and Transfer Plans. Transfer recommendations are key to promoting the sustainability of ex-situ animal populations by ensuring cohesive populations, genetic diversity, and demographic stability, but factors affecting their fulfillment are poorly understood. We used a network analysis framework to analyze data compiled from PMCTrack from 2011 to 2019 for three taxonomic classes (mammals, birds, and reptiles/amphibians) within the Association of Zoos and Aquariums to assess factors affecting transfer recommendation fulfillment.

Results of PD-L1 Analysis of Women Treated with Durvalumab in Advanced Endometrial Carcinoma (PHAEDRA).

Women with advanced endometrial carcinoma (EC) with mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency have improved outcomes when treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors; however, additional biomarkers are needed to identify women most likely to respond. Scores for programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), immunohistochemical staining of tumor (TC+), immune cells (IC+) and presence of tumor-associated immune cells (ICP) on MMR deficient (n = 34) and proficient (n = 33) EC from women treated with durvalumab in the PHAEDRA trial (ANZGOG1601/CTC0144) (trial registration number ACTRN12617000106336, prospectively registered 19 January 2017) are reported and correlated with outcome. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses and area under the ROC curve were used to determine optimal cutpoints.

Improved psychotic symptoms following resection of amygdalar low-grade glioma: illustrative case.

Background: Epilepsy-associated psychoses are poorly understood, and management is focused on treating epilepsy. Chronic, interictal psychosis that persists despite seizure control is typically treated with antipsychotics. Whether resection of a mesial temporal lobe lesion may improve interictal psychotic symptoms that persist despite seizure control remains unknown.

Temperature Correction of Spectra to Improve Solute Concentration Monitoring by In Situ Ultraviolet and Mid-Infrared Spectrometries toward Isothermal Local Model Performance.

Changes in temperature can significantly affect spectroscopic-based methods for in situ monitoring of processes. As varying temperature is inherent to many processes, associated temperature effects on spectra are unavoidable, which can hinder solute concentration determination. Ultraviolet (UV) and mid-infrared (IR) data were acquired for l-ascorbic acid (LAA) in MeCN/HO (80:20 w/w) at different concentrations and temperatures.