Problematic alcohol use in young adults exposed to childhood trauma: The Trøndelag Health (HUNT) Study.

Problematic alcohol use (PAU) severely impacts the health, functioning, and long-term prospects of young people. Prior research indicates that childhood trauma exposure may be an important risk factor for PAU, but few longitudinal studies have looked at how specific trauma types influence this risk. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between childhood trauma exposure and PAU in a large, population-based cohort of young people.

Killing pain?: a population-based registry study of the use of prescription analgesics, anxiolytics, and hypnotics among all children, adolescents and young adults in Norway from 2004 to 2019.

The ongoing opioid epidemic has been a global concern for years, increasingly due to its heavy toll on young people's lives and prospects. Few studies have investigated trends in use of the wider range of drugs prescribed to alleviate pain, psychological distress and insomnia in children, adolescents and young adults. Our aim was to study dispensation as a proxy for use of prescription analgesics, anxiolytics and hypnotics across age groups (0-29 years) and sex over the last 15 years in a large, representative general population.

What is success of treatment? Expected outcome scores in cervical radiculopathy patients were much higher than the previously reported cut-off values for success.

Purpose: Treatment success can be defined by asking a patient how they perceive their condition compared to prior to treatment, but it can also be defined by establishing success criteria in advance. We evaluated treatment outcome expectations in patients undergoing surgery or non-operative treatment for cervical radiculopathy.

Methods: The first 100 consecutive patients from an ongoing randomized controlled trial (NCT03674619) comparing the effectiveness of surgical and nonsurgical treatment for cervical radiculopathy were included.

The impact of body mass index and height on risk for primary tumours of the spinal cord, spinal meninges, spinal and peripheral nerves in 1.7 million norwegian women and men: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Primary tumours of the spinal cord, spinal meninges, spinal and peripheral nerves comprise a heterogenous group of pathology, dominantly represented by meningioma, nerve sheath tumours (NST) and glioma. Body height and body mass index (BMI) are risk factors for certain brain tumour subgroups, but no other study has specifically assessed height and BMI in relation to primary tumours of the spine and peripheral nerves in women and men.

Methods: In this prospective population-based cohort study height and weight were measured in 1.

Clinical Utility of the 6-Item CTS, Boston-CTS, and Hand-Diagram for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Self-reported measures are often used in research and clinical practice to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and guide therapeutic choices. We aimed to assess the clinical utility of the Norwegian versions of two self-reported outcome measures for symptom severity assessment, the 6-item CTS (CTS-6), and Boston-CTS (BCTQ), and of one diagnostic measure, the hand-diagram, by evaluating measurement properties including discriminative ability for severity assessment (CTS-6, BCTQ), and diagnosis of CTS (hand-diagram). We performed forward and backward translation and cultural adaptation of the Norwegian CTS-6 and BCTQ.

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor: a potential biomarker for chronic low back pain in patients with Modic changes.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, but the aetiology remains poorly understood. Finding relevant biomarkers may lead to better understanding of disease mechanisms. Patients with vertebral endplate bone marrow lesions visualised on MRI as Modic changes (MCs) have been proposed as a distinct LBP phenotype, and inflammatory mediators may be involved in the development of MCs.

The effect of infliximab in patients with chronic low back pain and Modic changes (the BackToBasic study): study protocol of a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial.

Background: Low back pain is common and a significant number of patients experience chronic low back pain. Current treatment options offer small to moderate effects. Patients with vertebral bone marrow lesions visualized as Modic changes on magnetic resonance imaging may represent a subgroup within the low back pain population.

A randomised controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of surgical and nonsurgical treatment for cervical radiculopathy.

Background: Cervical radiculopathy is usually caused by disc herniation or spondylosis. The prognosis is expected to be good in most patients, but there is limited scientific evidence on the indications for nonsurgical and surgical treatments. The aim of the present study is to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of surgical and nonsurgical treatment in two trials - including disc herniation and spondylosis, respectively, and to evaluate factors that contribute to better decision making.

Impact of technical variations on the ring-finger test for carpal tunnel syndrome.

Objective: To assess if recording the sensory latencies of the median and ulnar nerves one-by-one (consecutive) or at the same time (simultaneous) in the ring-finger test for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) will show equivalent results or if it will lead to a different clinical classification of patients.

Methods: We assessed the limits of agreement between the simultaneous and the consecutive method based on the median- ulnar sensory latency difference derived by both methods in 80 subjects and compared the number of minimal CTS cases identified by the two methods.

Results: Limits of agreement ranged from -0.

The association between insomnia, c-reactive protein, and chronic low back pain: cross-sectional analysis of the HUNT study, Norway.

Background And Aims: Chronic low back pain (chronic LBP) is the number one cause for years lived with disability among 301 diseases and injuries analyzed by The Global Burden of Disease study 2013. Insomnia is highly prevalent among people with chronic LBP. To explain the sleep-pain relationship, theoretical models propose that insomnia symptoms may be associated with increased basal inflammation, operationalized as c-reactive protein (CRP) and lead to further pain and disrupted sleep.

The interplay between sleeplessness and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein on risk of chronic musculoskeletal pain: longitudinal data from the Tromsø Study.

Study Objectives: To examine independent associations of sleeplessness and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) with risk of chronic musculoskeletal pain, and to explore the joint effect of sleeplessness and hsCRP on risk of chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Methods: A population-based prospective study of 3214 women and 3142 men (mean age: 55.4, range: 32-87) without severe chronic musculoskeletal pain and with hsCRP ≤ 10 mg/L at baseline in 2007-2008.

Genetic variation in P2RX7 and pain tolerance.

P2X7 is a nonselective cation channel activated by extracellular ATP. P2X7 activation contributes to the proinflammatory response to injury or bacterial invasion and mediates apoptosis. Recently, P2X7 function has been linked to chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain.

Metabolic syndrome as a risk factor for total hip or knee replacement due to primary osteoarthritis: a prospective cohort study (the HUNT study and the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register).

Objective: Biochemical changes associated with obesity may accelerate osteoarthritis beyond the effect of mechanical factors. This study investigated whether metabolic syndrome and its components (visceral obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance) were risk factors for subsequent total hip replacement (THR) or total knee replacement (TKR) due to primary osteoarthritis.

Design: In this prospective cohort study, data from the second survey of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study 2 (HUNT2) were linked to the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register for identification of the outcome of THR or TKR.

The mediating effect of body mass index on the relationship between smoking and hip or knee replacement due to primary osteoarthritis. A population-based cohort study (the HUNT Study).

To investigate the total effect of smoking on total hip or knee replacement (THR/TKR) due to primary osteoarthritis (OA) and to quantify the indirect effect of smoking through body mass index (BMI). Participants from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (the HUNT Study) were linked to the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register to detect the first THR or TKR due to primary OA. A mediation analysis was used to decompose the total effect of smoking into a direct and indirect effect.

Overweight, obesity and height as risk factors for meningioma, glioma, pituitary adenoma and nerve sheath tumor: a large population-based prospective cohort study.

Background: In 2016, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has announced that avoiding body fatness (i.e. overweight and obesity) contributes to prevent meningioma occurrence, but considered the available evidence for glioma inadequate.

Incidence of total hip or knee replacement due to osteoarthritis in relation to thyroid function: a prospective cohort study (The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study).

Background: To study whether thyroid function was associated with risk of hip or knee replacement due to primary osteoarthritis.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study, data from the second and third survey of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study were linked to the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register in order to identify total hip or knee replacement as a result of primary osteoarthritis.

Results: Among 37 891 participants without previously known thyroid disease we recorded 978 total hip replacements (THRs) and 538 total knee replacements (TKRs) during a median follow-up time of 15.

The impact of body mass index and height on the risk for glioblastoma and other glioma subgroups: a large prospective cohort study.

Background: Glioma comprises a heterogeneous group of mostly malignant brain tumors, whereof glioblastoma (GBM) represents the largest and most lethal subgroup. Body height and body mass index (BMI) are risk factors for other cancers, but no previous study has examined anthropometric data in relation to different glioma subgroups.

Methods: This prospective cohort study includes 1.

Heterotopic ossification and clinical outcome in nonconstrained cervical arthroplasty 2 years after surgery: the Norwegian Cervical Arthroplasty Trial (NORCAT).

Purpose: Heterotopic ossification is a phenomenon in cervical arthroplasty. Previous reports have mainly focused on various semiconstrained devices and only a few publications have focused on ossification around devices that are nonconstrained. The purpose of this study was to assess the occurrence of heterotopic ossification around a nonconstrained cervical device and how it affects clinical outcome 2 years after surgery.

Leisure time physical activity and the risk of hip or knee replacement due to primary osteoarthritis: a population based cohort study (The HUNT Study).

Background: The relationship between leisure time physical activity (LPA) and hip and knee OA and subsequent joint replacement has not yet been clearly defined. Some studies have found the risk of knee replacement (TKR) to increase with high levels of LPA, while others have found no overall relationship to either TKR or hip replacement (THR). The aim was to investigate the association between LPA and the risk of severe end-stage OA, defined as THR or TKR due to primary OA, in a large population-based cohort.

Premonitory symptoms in migraine: A cross-sectional study in 2714 persons.

Aim: To describe the frequency and number of premonitory symptoms (PS) in migraine, the co-occurrence of different PS, and their association with migraine-related factors.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a validated questionnaire was sent to Finnish migraine families between 2002 and 2013 to obtain data on 14 predefined PS, migraine diagnoses, demographic factors, and migraine characteristics. The estimated response rate was 80%.

Shared genetic basis for migraine and ischemic stroke: A genome-wide analysis of common variants.

Objective: To quantify genetic overlap between migraine and ischemic stroke (IS) with respect to common genetic variation.

Methods: We applied 4 different approaches to large-scale meta-analyses of genome-wide data on migraine (23,285 cases and 95,425 controls) and IS (12,389 cases and 62,004 controls). First, we queried known genome-wide significant loci for both disorders, looking for potential overlap of signals.