Chromosome-level genomes of three key Allium crops and their trait evolution.

Allium crop breeding remains severely hindered due to the lack of high-quality reference genomes. Here we report high-quality chromosome-level genome assemblies for three key Allium crops (Welsh onion, garlic and onion), which are 11.17 Gb, 15.

Quantification of free sugars, fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT-MIR spectroscopy.

Background: To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations.

Results: Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra (range 1700-900 cm ) were obtained from droplets (30 μL) of unprocessed juice.

The Onion ( L.) Gene Regulates Anthocyanin Biosynthesis.

Bulb color is an important consumer trait for onion ( L., Allioideae, Asparagales). The bulbs accumulate a range of flavonoid compounds, including anthocyanins (red), flavonols (pale yellow), and chalcones (bright yellow).

Measurement of the distribution of non-structural carbohydrate composition in onion populations by a high-throughput microplate enzymatic assay.

Background: Non-structural carbohydrate (NSC; glucose, fructose, sucrose and fructan) composition of onions (Allium cepa L.) varies widely and is a key determinant of market usage. To analyse the physiology and genetics of onion carbohydrate metabolism and to enable selective breeding, an inexpensive, reliable and practicable sugar assay is required to phenotype large numbers of samples.

A toolkit for bulk PCR-based marker design from next-generation sequence data: application for development of a framework linkage map in bulb onion (Allium cepa L.).

Background: Although modern sequencing technologies permit the ready detection of numerous DNA sequence variants in any organisms, converting such information to PCR-based genetic markers is hampered by a lack of simple, scalable tools. Onion is an example of an under-researched crop with a complex, heterozygous genome where genome-based research has previously been hindered by limited sequence resources and genetic markers.

Results: We report the development of generic tools for large-scale web-based PCR-based marker design in the Galaxy bioinformatics framework, and their application for development of next-generation genetics resources in a wide cross of bulb onion (Allium cepa L.

Purification and cloning of a gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase from onion (Allium cepa).

Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (E.C. 2.