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<PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27068317</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>09</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2022</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>09</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2212-4411</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>121</Volume><Issue>5</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>May</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Comparison of the performance of intraoral X-ray sensors using objective image quality assessment.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>e129</StartPage><EndPage>e137</EndPage><MedlinePgn>e129-37</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.oooo.2016.01.016</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S2212-4403(16)00039-0</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVES" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">The main aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of 10 individual sensors of the same make, using objective measures of key image quality parameters. A further aim was to compare 8 brands of sensors.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="STUDY DESIGN" NlmCategory="METHODS">Ten new sensors of 8 different models from 6 manufacturers (i.e., 80 sensors) were included in the study. All sensors were exposed in a standardized way using an X-ray tube voltage of 60 kVp and different exposure times. Sensor response, noise, low-contrast resolution, spatial resolution and uniformity were measured.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Individual differences between sensors of the same brand were surprisingly large in some cases. There were clear differences in the characteristics of the different brands of sensors. The largest variations were found for individual sensor response for some of the brands studied. Also, noise level and low contrast resolution showed large variations between brands.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Sensors, even of the same brand, vary significantly in their quality. It is thus valuable to establish action levels for the acceptance of newly delivered sensors and to use objective image quality control for commissioning purposes and periodic checks to ensure high performance of individual digital sensors.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright &#xa9; 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hell&#xe9;n-Halme</LastName><ForeName>Kristina</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Odontology, Malm&#xf6; University, Malm&#xf6;, Sweden. Electronic address: Kristina.Hellen-Halme@mah.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Curt</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Odontology, Malm&#xf6; University, Malm&#xf6;, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nilsson</LastName><ForeName>Mats</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Odontology, Malm&#xf6; University, Malm&#xf6;, Sweden; Department of Radiation Physics, Sk&#xe5;ne University Hospital, Malm&#xf6;, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D003160">Comparative Study</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>13</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101576782</NlmUniqueID></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011829" MajorTopicYN="N">Radiation Dosage</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011856" MajorTopicYN="N">Radiographic Image Enhancement</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000295" MajorTopicYN="Y">instrumentation</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019252" MajorTopicYN="N">Radiography, Dental, Digital</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000295" MajorTopicYN="Y">instrumentation</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012984" MajorTopicYN="N">Software</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014965" MajorTopicYN="N">X-Rays</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>4</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2015</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>15</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2016</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>23</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>13</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2017</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>10</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27068317</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.oooo.2016.01.016</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S2212-4403(16)00039-0</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27015400</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2019</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>04</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2019</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>04</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1933-0693</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>126</Volume><Issue>2</Issue><PubDate><Year>2017</Year><Month>Feb</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of neurosurgery</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Neurosurg</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Access to the brain parenchyma using endovascular techniques and a micro-working channel.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>511</StartPage><EndPage>517</EndPage><MedlinePgn>511-517</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3171/2016.1.JNS152543</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>OBJECTIVE Several older studies report a low risk for parenchymal access to the CNS by surgical techniques. In more recent studies, including those with post-puncture CT scans, there are indications that the risk of bleeding might approach 8%. New therapies, such as those that use viral vectors, modified mRNA, or cell transplantation, will probably warrant more parenchymal access to the CNS. Other minimally invasive routes might then be tempting to explore. This study was designed in 2 parts to address the possibility of using the endovascular route. The first aim was to test the ability to create a parenchymal micro-working channel to the CNS in macaque monkeys through the vessel wall. Second, the biocompatibility of a device-associated, detached, distal securing plug that was made of nitinol was investigated in swine for 1 year. METHODS Trans-vessel wall intervention in the middle cerebral artery and associated cerebral parenchyma was performed in 4 rhesus macaque monkeys using a full clinical angiography suite. A contrast agent and methylene blue were injected to test the working channel and then detached at the distal end to act as a securing plug through the vessel wall. One-year follow-ups were also performed using angiography and histological analysis in 10 swine with 24 implants that were distributed in the external carotid artery tree. RESULTS The cerebral interventions were performed without acute bleeding. Both the contrast agent and methylene blue were infused into the brain parenchyma and subarachnoidal space via the endovascular micro-working channel (7 injections in 4 animals). In the 1-year follow-up period, the implant that was left in the external carotid vessel wall in the swine was covered by the endothelium, which was followed by dislodgement just outside the blood vessel with thin capsule formation. No stenosis in the artery was detected on 1-year angiography. The animals showed normal behavior and blood sample results during the follow-up period. This is the first histological demonstration of nitinol biocompatibility when the implant is positioned through an arterial wall and indicates that the trans-vessel wall technique is not comparable with stent placement and its ability to induce intimal hyperplasia and restenosis. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the trans-vessel wall technique is applicable to brain intervention in macaque monkeys, providing a micro-working channel for delivery or sampling. The long-term follow-up study of the detached device in swine showed no clinical or biochemical complications and a normal angiography appearance.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lundberg</LastName><ForeName>Johan</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Carina B</ForeName><Initials>CB</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Prosthodontics/Dental Materials, Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Odontology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jonsson</LastName><ForeName>Stefan</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Holmin</LastName><ForeName>Staffan</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>25</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>J Neurosurg</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0253357</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0022-3085</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000497">Alloys</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>2EWL73IJ7F</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C013616">nitinol</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000497" MajorTopicYN="N">Alloys</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001921" MajorTopicYN="N">Brain</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000601" MajorTopicYN="Y">surgery</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D057510" MajorTopicYN="N">Endovascular Procedures</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="Y">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008253" MajorTopicYN="N">Macaca mulatta</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020768" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Cerebral Artery</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000601" MajorTopicYN="Y">surgery</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000072356" MajorTopicYN="N">Parenchymal Tissue</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000601" MajorTopicYN="Y">surgery</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015607" MajorTopicYN="N">Stents</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013552" MajorTopicYN="N">Swine</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">ECA = external carotid artery</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">endovascular</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">macaque</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">minimal invasive</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">nitinol</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">parenchymal puncture</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">swine</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">vascular disorders</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>26</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2019</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>5</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>26</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27015400</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.3171/2016.1.JNS152543</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26984258</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>26</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2022</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>18</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1654-7209</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>45</Volume><Issue>5</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Sep</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Ambio</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Ambio</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Changing Arctic snow cover: A review of recent developments and assessment of future needs for observations, modelling, and impacts.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>516</StartPage><EndPage>537</EndPage><MedlinePgn>516-37</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1007/s13280-016-0770-0</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Snow is a critically important and rapidly changing feature of the Arctic. However, snow-cover and snowpack conditions change through time pose challenges for measuring and prediction of snow. Plausible scenarios of how Arctic snow cover will respond to changing Arctic climate are important for impact assessments and adaptation strategies. Although much progress has been made in understanding and predicting snow-cover changes and their multiple consequences, many uncertainties remain. In this paper, we review advances in snow monitoring and modelling, and the impact of snow changes on ecosystems and society in Arctic regions. Interdisciplinary activities are required to resolve the current limitations on measuring and modelling snow characteristics through the cold season and at different spatial scales to assure human well-being, economic stability, and improve the ability to predict manage and adapt to natural hazards in the Arctic region.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bokhorst</LastName><ForeName>Stef</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-0184-1162</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>FRAM - High North Research Centre on Climate and the Environment, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), PO Box 6606, Langnes, 9296, Troms&#xf8;, Norway. stefbokhorst@hotmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Ecological Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. stefbokhorst@hotmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pedersen</LastName><ForeName>Stine H&#xf8;jlund</ForeName><Initials>SH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Brucker</LastName><ForeName>Ludovic</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NASA GSFC Cryospheric Sciences Laboratory, Code 615, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Goddard Earth Sciences Technology and Research Studies and Investigations, Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, MD, 21044, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Anisimov</LastName><ForeName>Oleg</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Hydrological Institute of Roshydromet, 23 Second Line V.O., St.Petersburg, Russia, 199053.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>International Centre for Science and Education "Best", North-East Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bjerke</LastName><ForeName>Jarle W</ForeName><Initials>JW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>FRAM - High North Research Centre on Climate and the Environment, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), PO Box 6606, Langnes, 9296, Troms&#xf8;, Norway.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Brown</LastName><ForeName>Ross D</ForeName><Initials>RD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Climate Research Division, Environment Canada Ouranos, 550 Sherbrooke St. West, 19th Floor, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B9, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ehrich</LastName><ForeName>Dorothee</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, University of Troms&#xf8;, 9037, Troms&#xf8;, Norway.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Essery</LastName><ForeName>Richard L H</ForeName><Initials>RL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Heilig</LastName><ForeName>Achim</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ingvander</LastName><ForeName>Susanne</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Cecilia</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Villav&#xe4;gen 16, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Margareta</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, S&#xf6;lvegatan 12, 223 62, Lund, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, PO Box 50005, 104 05, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>J&#xf3;nsd&#xf3;ttir</LastName><ForeName>Ingibj&#xf6;rg Svala</ForeName><Initials>IS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University Centre in Svalbard, PO Box 156, 9171, Longyearbyen, Norway.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Life- and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 7, 101, Reykjav&#xed;k, Iceland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Inga</LastName><ForeName>Niila</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Leavas S&#xe1;mi Community, Box 53, 981 21, Kiruna, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Luojus</LastName><ForeName>Kari</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Arctic Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, 00101, Helsinki, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Macelloni</LastName><ForeName>Giovanni</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>IFAC-CNR - Institute of Applied Physics "Nello Carrara", National Research Council, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mariash</LastName><ForeName>Heather</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Wildlife Research Centre, Environment Canada, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, K1A 0H3, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>McLennan</LastName><ForeName>Donald</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Canadian High Arctic Research Station (CHARS), 360 Albert Street, Suite 1710, Ottawa, ON, K1R 7X7, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rosqvist</LastName><ForeName>Gunhild Ninis</ForeName><Initials>GN</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, Norway.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sato</LastName><ForeName>Atsushi</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Snow and Ice Research Center, National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention, 187-16 Suyoshi, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-0821, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Savela</LastName><ForeName>Hannele</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Thule Insitute, University of Oulu, PO Box 7300, 90014, Oulu, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schneebeli</LastName><ForeName>Martin</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Fl&#xfc;elastrasse 11, 7260, Davos Dorf, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sokolov</LastName><ForeName>Aleksandr</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Arctic Research Station of Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Labytnangi, Russia, 629400.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Science Center for Arctic Studies, State Organization of Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District, Salekhard, Russia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sokratov</LastName><ForeName>Sergey A</ForeName><Initials>SA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Arctic Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Geography, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1, Moscow, Russia, 119991.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Terzago</LastName><ForeName>Silvia</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council (ISAC-CNR), Corso Fiume 4, 10133, Turin, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vikhamar-Schuler</LastName><ForeName>Dagrun</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division for Model and Climate Analysis, R&amp;D Department, The Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Postboks 43, Blindern, 0313, Oslo, Norway.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Williamson</LastName><ForeName>Scott</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, CW 405, Biological Sciences Bldg., Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Qiu</LastName><ForeName>Yubao</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academic of Science, Beijing, 100094, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Group on Earth Observations, Cold Regions Initiative, Geneva, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Callaghan</LastName><ForeName>Terry V</ForeName><Initials>TV</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, S&#xf6;lvegatan 12, 223 62, Lund, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Research Tomsk Stated University, 36, Lenin Ave., Tomsk, Russia, 634050.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>17</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Sweden</Country><MedlineTA>Ambio</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0364220</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0044-7447</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001110" MajorTopicYN="N">Arctic Regions</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003081" MajorTopicYN="Y">Cold Climate</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017753" MajorTopicYN="Y">Ecosystem</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004784" MajorTopicYN="N">Environmental Monitoring</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000191" MajorTopicYN="N">economics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="Y">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008962" MajorTopicYN="Y">Models, Theoretical</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012621" MajorTopicYN="N">Seasons</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012914" MajorTopicYN="Y">Snow</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Climate change</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Ecosystem services</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Human health</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Indigenous</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Snow</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Societal costs</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2016</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>5</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2015</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>3</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>18</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>18</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2017</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>27</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>17</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26984258</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC4980315</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1007/s13280-016-0770-0</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">10.1007/s13280-016-0770-0</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Alou-Font E, Mundy CJ, Roy S, Gosselin M, Agusti S. 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Historical studies are based on black smoke (BS), but more recent studies use absorbance (Abs), black carbon (BC) or elemental carbon (EC) as exposure indicators. To estimate health risks based on BS, we review the literature regarding the relationship between Abs, BS, BC and EC. We also discuss the uncertainties associated with the comparison of relative risks (RRs) based on these conversions. EC is reported to represent a proportion between 5.2% and 27% of BS with a mean value of 12%. Correlations of different metrics at one particular site are higher than when different sites are compared. Comparing all traffic, urban and rural sites, there is no systematic site dependence, indicating that other properties of the particles or errors affect the measurements and obscure the results. It is shown that the estimated daily mortality associated with short-term levels of EC is in the same range as PM10, but this is highly dependent on the EC to BS relationship that is used. RRs for all-cause mortality associated with short-term exposure to PM10 seem to be higher at sites with higher EC concentrations, but more data are needed to verify this.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Olstrup</LastName><ForeName>Henrik</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Atmospheric Science Unit, Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, 11418 Stockholm, Sweden. henrik.olstrup@aces.su.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Christer</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Atmospheric Science Unit, Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, 11418 Stockholm, Sweden. christer.johansson@aces.su.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Environment and Health Administration, SLB, Box 8136, 104 20 Stockholm, Sweden. christer.johansson@aces.su.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Forsberg</LastName><ForeName>Bertil</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Ume&#xe5; University, 90187 Ume&#xe5;, Sweden. bertil.forsberg@envmed.umu.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>24</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Int J Environ Res Public Health</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101238455</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1660-4601</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000393">Air Pollutants</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D001335">Vehicle Emissions</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>7440-44-0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D002244">Carbon</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000393" MajorTopicYN="N">Air Pollutants</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="Y">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002244" MajorTopicYN="N">Carbon</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="Y">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002947" MajorTopicYN="N">Cities</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004784" MajorTopicYN="N">Environmental Monitoring</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="Y">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006305" MajorTopicYN="Y">Health Status Indicators</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011634" MajorTopicYN="N">Public Health</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000706" MajorTopicYN="Y">statistics &amp; numerical data</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018570" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Assessment</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001335" MajorTopicYN="N">Vehicle Emissions</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="Y">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">PM10</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">black carbon</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">black smoke</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">combustion-related particles</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">elemental carbon</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">health effects</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">relative risk</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">urban air pollution</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>8</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2016</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>12</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2016</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>15</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>2</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>2</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>19</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>1</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26927139</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC4808912</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.3390/ijerph13030249</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">ijerph13030249</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Janssen N.A.H., Hoek G., Simic-Lawson M., Fischer P., van Bree L., ten Brink H., Keuken M., Atkinson R.W., Anderson H.R., Brunekreef B., et al. 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Res. 2011;11:473&#x2013;481. doi: 10.4209/aaqr.2011.01.0005.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.4209/aaqr.2011.01.0005</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Curated"><PMID Version="1">26906006</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>06</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>04</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1614-7499</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>23</Volume><Issue>8</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Apr</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Environmental science and pollution research international</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Environ Sci Pollut Res Int</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>14th congress of combustion by-products and their health effects-origin, fate, and health effects of combustion-related air pollutants in the coming era of bio-based energy sources.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>8141</StartPage><EndPage>8159</EndPage><MedlinePgn>8141-59</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1007/s11356-016-6308-y</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The 14th International Congress on Combustion By-Products and Their Health Effects was held in Ume&#xe5;, Sweden from June 14th to 17th, 2015. The Congress, mainly sponsored by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Superfund Research Program and the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning, focused on the "Origin, fate and health effects of combustion-related air pollutants in the coming era of bio-based energy sources". The international delegates included academic and government researchers, engineers, scientists, policymakers and representatives of industrial partners. The Congress provided a unique forum for the discussion of scientific advances in this research area since it addressed in combination the health-related issues and the environmental implications of combustion by-products. The scientific outcomes of the Congress included the consensus opinions that: (a) there is a correlation between human exposure to particulate matter and increased cardiac and respiratory morbidity and mortality; (b) because currently available data does not support the assessment of differences in health outcomes between biomass smoke and other particulates in outdoor air, the potential human health and environmental impacts of emerging air-pollution sources must be addressed. Assessment will require the development of new approaches to characterize combustion emissions through advanced sampling and analytical methods. The Congress also concluded the need for better and more sustainable e-waste management and improved policies, usage and disposal methods for materials containing flame retardants.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Weidemann</LastName><ForeName>Eva</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-5415-9330</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Chemistry, Ume&#xe5; University, Umea, Sweden. eva.weidemann@umu.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Andersson</LastName><ForeName>Patrik L</ForeName><Initials>PL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Chemistry, Ume&#xe5; University, Umea, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bidleman</LastName><ForeName>Terry</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Chemistry, Ume&#xe5; University, Umea, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Boman</LastName><ForeName>Christoffer</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Thermochemical Energy Conversion Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics and Electronics, Ume&#xe5; University, Umea, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Carlin</LastName><ForeName>Danielle J</ForeName><Initials>DJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Collina</LastName><ForeName>Elena</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cormier</LastName><ForeName>Stephania A</ForeName><Initials>SA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gouveia-Figueira</LastName><ForeName>Sandra C</ForeName><Initials>SC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Chemistry, Ume&#xe5; University, Umea, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gullett</LastName><ForeName>Brian K</ForeName><Initials>BK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Christer</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Environment and Health Administration, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lucas</LastName><ForeName>Donald</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lundin</LastName><ForeName>Lisa</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Chemistry, Ume&#xe5; University, Umea, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lundstedt</LastName><ForeName>Staffan</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Chemistry, Ume&#xe5; University, Umea, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Marklund</LastName><ForeName>Stellan</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Bio4Energy, Ume&#xe5; University, Umea, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nording</LastName><ForeName>Malin L</ForeName><Initials>ML</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Chemistry, Ume&#xe5; University, Umea, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ortu&#xf1;o</LastName><ForeName>Nuria</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Chemical Engineering Department, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sallam</LastName><ForeName>Asmaa A</ForeName><Initials>AA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schmidt</LastName><ForeName>Florian M</ForeName><Initials>FM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Thermochemical Energy Conversion Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics and Electronics, Ume&#xe5; University, Umea, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jansson</LastName><ForeName>Stina</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Chemistry, Ume&#xe5; University, Umea, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>P42 ES013648</GrantID><Acronym>ES</Acronym><Agency>NIEHS NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 ES015050</GrantID><Acronym>ES</Acronym><Agency>NIEHS NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016423">Congress</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>24</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Germany</Country><MedlineTA>Environ Sci Pollut Res Int</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9441769</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0944-1344</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000393">Air Pollutants</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D052638">Particulate Matter</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D012906">Smoke</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000393" MajorTopicYN="N">Air Pollutants</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" 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Lancet Global Health 3(7), e358&#x2013;e359 (2015).</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26087980</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Life Science Events. www.lifescienceevents.com</Citation></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26845235</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2019</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>10</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1860-7187</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>11</Volume><Issue>5</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Mar</Month><Day>04</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>ChemMedChem</Title><ISOAbbreviation>ChemMedChem</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Fragment Screening of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase for Lead Generation-Structure-Based Hit Evaluation and Chemistry Exploration.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>497</StartPage><EndPage>508</EndPage><MedlinePgn>497-508</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1002/cmdc.201500575</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is involved in the regulation of many biological processes by metabolizing the key bioactive lipid mediator, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. For the development of sEH inhibitors with improved physicochemical properties, we performed both a fragment screening and a high-throughput screening aiming at an integrated hit evaluation and lead generation. Followed by a joint dose-response analysis to confirm the hits, the identified actives were then effectively triaged by a structure-based hit-classification approach to three prioritized series. Two distinct scaffolds were identified as tractable starting points for potential lead chemistry work. The oxoindoline series bind at the right-hand side of the active-site pocket with hydrogen bonds to the protein. The 2-phenylbenzimidazole-4-sulfonamide series bind at the central channel with significant induced fit, which has not been previously reported. On the basis of the encouraging initial results, we envision that a new lead series with improved properties could be generated if a vector is found that could merge the cyclohexyl functionality of the oxoindoline series with the trifluoromethyl moiety of the 2-phenylbenzimidazole-4-sulfonamide series.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>&#xa9; 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xue</LastName><ForeName>Yafeng</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&amp;D Gothenburg, Pepparedsleden&#x2005;1, 431&#x2005;83, M&#xf6;lndal, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Olsson</LastName><ForeName>Thomas</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department Medicinal Chemistry, CVMD iMED, AstraZeneca R&amp;D Gothenburg, Pepparedsleden&#x2005;1, 431&#x2005;83, M&#xf6;lndal, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Carina A</ForeName><Initials>CA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&amp;D Gothenburg, Pepparedsleden&#x2005;1, 431&#x2005;83, M&#xf6;lndal, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>&#xd6;ster</LastName><ForeName>Linda</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&amp;D Gothenburg, Pepparedsleden&#x2005;1, 431&#x2005;83, M&#xf6;lndal, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Beisel</LastName><ForeName>Hans-Georg</ForeName><Initials>HG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department Medicinal Chemistry, CVMD iMED, AstraZeneca R&amp;D Gothenburg, Pepparedsleden&#x2005;1, 431&#x2005;83, M&#xf6;lndal, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rohman</LastName><ForeName>Mattias</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&amp;D Gothenburg, Pepparedsleden&#x2005;1, 431&#x2005;83, M&#xf6;lndal, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Karis</LastName><ForeName>David</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department Medicinal Chemistry, CVMD iMED, AstraZeneca R&amp;D Gothenburg, Pepparedsleden&#x2005;1, 431&#x2005;83, M&#xf6;lndal, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>B&#xe4;ckstr&#xf6;m</LastName><ForeName>Stefan</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&amp;D Gothenburg, Pepparedsleden&#x2005;1, 431&#x2005;83, M&#xf6;lndal, Sweden. yafeng.xue@astrazeneca.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D023361">Validation Study</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>04</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Germany</Country><MedlineTA>ChemMedChem</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101259013</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1860-7179</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 3.3.2.-</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D004851">Epoxide Hydrolases</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020134" MajorTopicYN="N">Catalytic Domain</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004851" MajorTopicYN="N">Epoxide Hydrolases</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000037" MajorTopicYN="Y">antagonists &amp; inhibitors</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D057166" MajorTopicYN="N">High-Throughput Screening Assays</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008958" MajorTopicYN="N">Models, Molecular</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015394" MajorTopicYN="N">Molecular Structure</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012995" MajorTopicYN="N">Solubility</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">drug discovery</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">high-throughput screening</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">inhibitors</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">ligand complex structures</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">soluble epoxide hydrolase</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>11</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>5</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>5</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>1</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26845235</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1002/cmdc.201500575</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26839151</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>27</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2016</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>30</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1460-2350</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>31</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Apr</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Human reproduction (Oxford, England)</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Hum Reprod</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Proteomic characterization of macro-, micro- and nano-extracellular vesicles derived from the same first trimester placenta: relevance for feto-maternal communication.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>687</StartPage><EndPage>699</EndPage><MedlinePgn>687-99</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1093/humrep/dew004</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="STUDY QUESTION" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">What proteins are carried by extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from normal first trimester placentae?</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="SUMMARY ANSWER" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">One thousand five hundred and eighty-five, 1656 and 1476 proteins were characterized in macro-, micro- and nano-vesicles, respectively, from first trimester placentae, with all EV fractions being enriched for proteins involved in vesicle transport and inflammation.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Placental EVs are being increasingly recognized as important mediators of both healthy and pathological pregnancies. However, current research has focused on detecting changes in specific proteins in particular fractions of vesicles during disease. This is the first study to investigate the full proteome of different-sized fractions of EVs from the same first trimester placenta and highlights the differences/similarities between the vesicle fractions.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION" NlmCategory="METHODS">A well-established ex vivo placental explant culture model was used to generate macro-, micro- and nano-vesicles from 56 first trimester placentae. Vesicle fractions were collected by differential ultracentrifugation, quantified and characterized.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Placental macro-, micro- and nano-vesicles were characterized by microscopy, dynamic light scattering and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The proteome of each EV fraction was interrogated using liquid chromatography-coupled tandem mass spectrometry. Results were validated by semi-quantitative western blotting.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE" NlmCategory="RESULTS">A total of 1585, 1656 and 1476 proteins were identified in macro-, micro- and nano-vesicles, respectively. One thousand one hundred and twenty-five proteins were shared between all three fractions while up to 223 proteins were unique to each fraction. Gene Ontology pathway analysis showed an enrichment of proteins involved in vesicle transport and inflammation in all three fractions of EVs. The expression levels of proteins involved in internalization of vesicles (annexin V, calreticulin, CD31, CD47), the complement pathway [C3, decay-accelerating factor (DAF), membrane cofactor protein (MCP), protectin] and minor histocompatibility antigens [ATP-dependent RNA helicase (DDX3), ribosomal protein S4 (RPS4)] were different between different-sized EVs.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">This study is largely hypothesis-generating in nature. It is important to validate these findings using EVs isolated from maternal plasma and the function of the different EV fractions would need further investigation.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Our results support the concept that various EV factions can interact with different maternal cells and have unique effects to mediate feto-maternal communication during early pregnancy. This study also provides a list of candidate proteins, which may inform the identification of robust markers that can be used to isolate placental vesicles from the maternal blood in the future.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">M.T. is a recipient of the University of Auckland Health Research Doctoral Scholarship and the Freemasons Postgraduate Scholarship. This project was supported by a School of Medicine Performance-based research fund (PBRF) grant awarded to L.W.C. No authors have any conflicts of interest to disclose.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>&#xa9; The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tong</LastName><ForeName>Mancy</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Auckland 1023, New Zealand mancy.tong@auckland.ac.nz.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kleffmann</LastName><ForeName>Torsten</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Protein Research, Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pradhan</LastName><ForeName>Shantanu</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Caroline L</ForeName><Initials>CL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Auckland 1023, New Zealand Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Link&#xf6;ping University, Link&#xf6;ping SE-581 83, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>DeSousa</LastName><ForeName>Joana</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Maternal Fetal Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Stone</LastName><ForeName>Peter R</ForeName><Initials>PR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Auckland 1023, New Zealand Maternal Fetal Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>James</LastName><ForeName>Joanna L</ForeName><Initials>JL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Qi</ForeName><Initials>Q</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chamley</LastName><ForeName>Larry W</ForeName><Initials>LW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D003160">Comparative Study</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>01</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Hum Reprod</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8701199</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0268-1161</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D011257">Pregnancy Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D020543">Proteome</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000029" MajorTopicYN="N">Abortion, Legal</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015153" MajorTopicYN="N">Blotting, Western</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002851" MajorTopicYN="N">Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000067493" MajorTopicYN="N">Dynamic Light Scattering</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000067128" MajorTopicYN="N">Extracellular Vesicles</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000648" MajorTopicYN="N">ultrastructure</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008431" MajorTopicYN="Y">Maternal-Fetal Exchange</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D046529" MajorTopicYN="N">Microscopy, Electron, Transmission</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009520" MajorTopicYN="N">New Zealand</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010316" MajorTopicYN="N">Particle Size</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010920" MajorTopicYN="N">Placenta</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000648" MajorTopicYN="N">ultrastructure</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011247" MajorTopicYN="N">Pregnancy</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011257" MajorTopicYN="N">Pregnancy Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011261" MajorTopicYN="N">Pregnancy Trimester, First</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020543" MajorTopicYN="N">Proteome</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D040901" MajorTopicYN="N">Proteomics</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="N">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D021241" MajorTopicYN="N">Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D053719" MajorTopicYN="N">Tandem Mass Spectrometry</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D046509" MajorTopicYN="N">Tissue Culture Techniques</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">exosome</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">extracellular vesicle</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">microparticle</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">syncytial knots</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">syncytial nuclear aggregates</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">trophoblast deportation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">trophoblastic debris</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>3</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2016</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>2</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>4</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>4</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26839151</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1093/humrep/dew004</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">dew004</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26831833</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>13</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1651-2057</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>96</Volume><Issue>6</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Aug</Month><Day>23</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Acta dermato-venereologica</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Acta Derm Venereol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Serotonergic Markers in Atopic Dermatitis.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>732</StartPage><EndPage>736</EndPage><MedlinePgn>732-6</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.2340/00015555-2354</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Stress and anxiety may worsen atopic dermatitis (AD) through the serotonin system. Serotonergic expression was measured in 28 patients with AD in relation to extent of the disease (SCORing of Atopic Dermatitis; SCORAD), pruritus intensity (visual analogue scale; VAS), anxiety traits (Swedish Universities Scales of Personality; SSP) and depression (Montgomery-&#xc5;sberg Depression Rating Scale-Self assessment; MADRS-S). Biopsies were taken from lesional and non-lesional AD skin, and investigated for expression of serotonin, its receptors 5-HT1A and 5-HT2, and serotonin transporter protein (SERT), using immunohistochemistry. 5-HT1AR-immunoreactivity (ir) was higher in lesional skin in apical epidermis and in mast cell-like cells in dermis, and 5-HT2AR-ir in apical epidermis and on blood vessels. In contrast, a basement membrane 5-HT2AR-ir signal was higher in non-lesional skin. The distribution of SERT-ir in the basal epidermal layer was higher in lesional skin. Positive and negative correlations were found between serotonergic markers and SCORAD, inflammation, pruritus intensity, anxiety traits, and depression score, indicating that serotonergic mechanisms are involved in AD.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rasul</LastName><ForeName>Aram</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Dermatology and Venereology Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. aram.rasul@ki.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>El-Nour</LastName><ForeName>Husameldin</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lonne-Rahm</LastName><ForeName>Sol-Britt</ForeName><Initials>SB</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fransson</LastName><ForeName>Oscar</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Charlotta</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Bj&#xf6;rn</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zubeidi</LastName><ForeName>Marwe</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Seeberg</LastName><ForeName>Emma</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Djurfeldt</LastName><ForeName>Diana Radu</ForeName><Initials>DR</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Azmitia</LastName><ForeName>Efrain C</ForeName><Initials>EC</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nordlind</LastName><ForeName>Klas</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Sweden</Country><MedlineTA>Acta Derm Venereol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0370310</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0001-5555</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D044402">Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D050486">Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>112692-38-3</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D044282">Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>333DO1RDJY</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D012701">Serotonin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001007" MajorTopicYN="N">Anxiety</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001706" MajorTopicYN="N">Biopsy</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003863" MajorTopicYN="N">Depression</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003876" MajorTopicYN="N">Dermatitis, Atopic</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000503" MajorTopicYN="N">physiopathology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007150" MajorTopicYN="N">Immunohistochemistry</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011537" MajorTopicYN="N">Pruritus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000503" MajorTopicYN="N">physiopathology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D044282" MajorTopicYN="N">Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D044402" MajorTopicYN="N">Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012647" MajorTopicYN="N">Self-Assessment</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012701" MajorTopicYN="N">Serotonin</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D050486" MajorTopicYN="N">Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012720" MajorTopicYN="N">Severity of Illness Index</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>3</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>3</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2017</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26831833</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.2340/00015555-2354</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26778247</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>13</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2041-1723</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>7</Volume><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Jan</Month><Day>18</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Nature communications</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Nat Commun</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Evidence for an ice shelf covering the central Arctic Ocean during the penultimate glaciation.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>10365</StartPage><MedlinePgn>10365</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">10365</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1038/ncomms10365</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The hypothesis of a km-thick ice shelf covering the entire Arctic Ocean during peak glacial conditions was proposed nearly half a century ago. Floating ice shelves preserve few direct traces after their disappearance, making reconstructions difficult. Seafloor imprints of ice shelves should, however, exist where ice grounded along their flow paths. Here we present new evidence of ice-shelf groundings on bathymetric highs in the central Arctic Ocean, resurrecting the concept of an ice shelf extending over the entire central Arctic Ocean during at least one previous ice age. New and previously mapped glacial landforms together reveal flow of a spatially coherent, in some regions &gt;1-km thick, central Arctic Ocean ice shelf dated to marine isotope stage 6 (&#x223c; 140 ka). Bathymetric highs were likely critical in the ice-shelf development by acting as pinning points where stabilizing ice rises formed, thereby providing sufficient back stress to allow ice shelf thickening.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jakobsson</LastName><ForeName>Martin</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UNIS - The University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen N-9171, Svalbard.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nilsson</LastName><ForeName>Johan</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Anderson</LastName><ForeName>Leif</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 405 30, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Backman</LastName><ForeName>Jan</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bj&#xf6;rk</LastName><ForeName>G&#xf6;ran</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 405 30, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cronin</LastName><ForeName>Thomas M</ForeName><Initials>TM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>US Geological Survey Reston, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Reston, Virginia 20192, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kirchner</LastName><ForeName>Nina</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Koshurnikov</LastName><ForeName>Andrey</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geocryology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mayer</LastName><ForeName>Larry</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping, University of New Hampshire, 24 Colovos Road, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Noormets</LastName><ForeName>Riko</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UNIS - The University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen N-9171, Svalbard.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>O'Regan</LastName><ForeName>Matthew</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Stranne</LastName><ForeName>Christian</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping, University of New Hampshire, 24 Colovos Road, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ananiev</LastName><ForeName>Roman</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geocryology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Barrientos Macho</LastName><ForeName>Natalia</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cherniykh</LastName><ForeName>Denis</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Russian Academy of Sciences, Pacific Oceanological Institute, 43 Baltiiskaya Street, Vladivostok 690041, Russia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Coxall</LastName><ForeName>Helen</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Eriksson</LastName><ForeName>Bj&#xf6;rn</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Flod&#xe9;n</LastName><ForeName>Tom</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gemery</LastName><ForeName>Laura</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>US Geological Survey Reston, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Reston, Virginia 20192, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gustafsson</LastName><ForeName>&#xd6;rjan</ForeName><Initials>&#xd6;</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jerram</LastName><ForeName>Kevin</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping, University of New Hampshire, 24 Colovos Road, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Carina</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Khortov</LastName><ForeName>Alexey</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mohammad</LastName><ForeName>Rezwan</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Semiletov</LastName><ForeName>Igor</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Russian Academy of Sciences, Pacific Oceanological Institute, 43 Baltiiskaya Street, Vladivostok 690041, Russia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>18</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Nat Commun</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101528555</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2041-1723</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="CommentIn"><RefSource>Nature. 2016 Feb 11;530(7589):163-4. doi: 10.1038/nature16878</RefSource><PMID Version="1">26840488</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>10</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>4</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>19</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>19</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>19</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2016</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>18</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26778247</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC4735638</ArticleId><ArticleId 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This may hamper calcification in marine organisms such as corals and echinoderms, as shown in many laboratory-based experiments. Sea urchins are considered highly vulnerable to OA. We studied an Echinometra species on natural volcanic CO2 vents in Papua New Guinea, where they are CO2 -acclimatized and also subjected to secondary ecological changes from elevated CO2 . Near the vent site, the urchins experienced large daily variations in pH (&gt;1 unit) and pCO2 (&gt;2000&#xa0;ppm) and average pH values (pHT 7.73) much below those expected under the most pessimistic future emission scenarios. Growth was measured over a 17-month period using tetracycline tagging of the calcareous feeding lanterns. Average-sized urchins grew more than twice as fast at the vent compared with those at an adjacent control site and assumed larger sizes at the vent compared to the control site and two other sites at another reef near-by. A small reduction in gonad weight was detected at the vents, but no differences in mortality, respiration, or degree of test calcification were detected between urchins from vent and control populations. Thus, urchins did not only persist but actually 'thrived' under extreme CO2 conditions. We suggest an ecological basis for this response: Increased algal productivity under increased pCO2 provided more food at the vent, resulting in higher growth rates. The wider implication of our observation is that laboratory studies on non-acclimatized specimens, which typically do not consider ecological changes, can lead to erroneous conclusions on responses to global change.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>&#xa9; 2016 John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Uthicke</LastName><ForeName>Sven</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB No 3, Townsville, Qld, 4810, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ebert</LastName><ForeName>Thomas</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97324, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Liddy</LastName><ForeName>Michelle</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, 9016, Dunedin, New Zealand.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Charlotte</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB No 3, Townsville, Qld, 4810, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fabricius</LastName><ForeName>Katharina E</ForeName><Initials>KE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB No 3, Townsville, Qld, 4810, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lamare</LastName><ForeName>Miles</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, 9016, Dunedin, New Zealand.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><DataBankList CompleteYN="Y"><DataBank><DataBankName>GENBANK</DataBankName><AccessionNumberList><AccessionNumber>KT198748</AccessionNumber><AccessionNumber>KT198751</AccessionNumber></AccessionNumberList></DataBank></DataBankList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>02</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Glob Chang Biol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9888746</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1354-1013</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>142M471B3J</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D002245">Carbon Dioxide</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000064" MajorTopicYN="Y">Acclimatization</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002245" MajorTopicYN="N">Carbon Dioxide</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010219" MajorTopicYN="N">Papua New Guinea</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012617" MajorTopicYN="N">Sea Urchins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012623" MajorTopicYN="N">Seawater</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Ocean acidification</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">calcifying invertebrates</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">carbon dioxide vents</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">indirect effects</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>11</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2015</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>16</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2016</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>4</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>15</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>15</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2017</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>3</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26762613</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1111/gcb.13223</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26741168</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>26</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2024</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>10</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1520-4804</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>59</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Feb</Month><Day>25</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of medicinal chemistry</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Med Chem</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>8-Substituted Pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one Derivatives As Potent, Cell Permeable, KDM4 (JMJD2) and KDM5 (JARID1) Histone Lysine Demethylase Inhibitors.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>1388</StartPage><EndPage>1409</EndPage><MedlinePgn>1388-409</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01635</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>We report the discovery of N-substituted 4-(pyridin-2-yl)thiazole-2-amine derivatives and their subsequent optimization, guided by structure-based design, to give 8-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones, a series of potent JmjC histone N-methyl lysine demethylase (KDM) inhibitors which bind to Fe(II) in the active site. Substitution from C4 of the pyrazole moiety allows access to the histone peptide substrate binding site; incorporation of a conformationally constrained 4-phenylpiperidine linker gives derivatives such as 54j and 54k which demonstrate equipotent activity versus the KDM4 (JMJD2) and KDM5 (JARID1) subfamily demethylases, selectivity over representative exemplars of the KDM2, KDM3, and KDM6 subfamilies, cellular permeability in the Caco-2 assay, and, for 54k, inhibition of H3K9Me3 and H3K4Me3 demethylation in a cell-based assay.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bavetsias</LastName><ForeName>Vassilios</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lanigan</LastName><ForeName>Rachel 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ValidYN="Y"><LastName>McLaughlin</LastName><ForeName>Mark G</ForeName><Initials>MG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tumber</LastName><ForeName>Anthony</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), University of Oxford , ORCRB Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Target Discovery Institute (TDI), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , NDMRB Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mok</LastName><ForeName>N Yi</ForeName><Initials>NY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, 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U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schofield</LastName><ForeName>Christopher J</ForeName><Initials>CJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Westwood</LastName><ForeName>Isaac M</ForeName><Initials>IM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bountra</LastName><ForeName>Chas</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), University of Oxford , ORCRB Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>M&#xfc;ller</LastName><ForeName>Susanne</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), University of Oxford , ORCRB Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Target Discovery Institute (TDI), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , NDMRB Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>van Montfort</LastName><ForeName>Rob L M</ForeName><Initials>RL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Brennan</LastName><ForeName>Paul E</ForeName><Initials>PE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), University of Oxford , ORCRB Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Target Discovery Institute (TDI), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , NDMRB Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Blagg</LastName><ForeName>Julian</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, U.K.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>C309/A11566</GrantID><Acronym>CRUK_</Acronym><Agency>Cancer Research UK</Agency><Country>United Kingdom</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>092809/Z/10/Z</GrantID><Acronym>WT_</Acronym><Agency>Wellcome Trust</Agency><Country>United Kingdom</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>106169</GrantID><Acronym>WT_</Acronym><Agency>Wellcome Trust</Agency><Country>United Kingdom</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>11566</GrantID><Acronym>CRUK_</Acronym><Agency>Cancer Research UK</Agency><Country>United Kingdom</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>18245</GrantID><Acronym>CRUK_</Acronym><Agency>Cancer Research UK</Agency><Country>United Kingdom</Country></Grant><Grant><Acronym>WT_</Acronym><Agency>Wellcome Trust</Agency><Country>United Kingdom</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>07</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>J Med Chem</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9716531</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0022-2623</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D004791">Enzyme Inhibitors</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D009687">Nuclear Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D011744">Pyrimidinones</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D012097">Repressor Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 1.14.11.-</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D056484">Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 1.14.11.-</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C521694">KDM4D protein, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 1.14.11.-</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C119611">KDM5B protein, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 1.5.-</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C494424">KDM4A protein, human</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018938" MajorTopicYN="N">Caco-2 Cells</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002463" MajorTopicYN="N">Cell Membrane Permeability</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004791" MajorTopicYN="N">Enzyme Inhibitors</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000493" MajorTopicYN="N">pharmacokinetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="Y">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D056484" MajorTopicYN="N">Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000037" MajorTopicYN="Y">antagonists &amp; inhibitors</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009687" MajorTopicYN="N">Nuclear Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000037" MajorTopicYN="Y">antagonists &amp; inhibitors</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011744" MajorTopicYN="N">Pyrimidinones</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000493" MajorTopicYN="N">pharmacokinetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="Y">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012097" MajorTopicYN="N">Repressor Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000037" MajorTopicYN="Y">antagonists &amp; inhibitors</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><CoiStatement>The authors
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PRRs detecting viral RNA, such as toll like receptor (TLR)-3, -7/8, and RIG-I like receptors (RLRs; RIG-I and MDA-5), as well as cytokine receptors such as interleukin 1 receptor (IL-1R), have been implicated in responses to RNA viruses that infect the airways. The latter includes respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a human pathogen that can cause severe lower respiratory tract infections, especially in infants. To evaluate the collective contribution of PRRs and IL-1R signalling to RSV immunity, we generated Myd88/Trif/Mavs(-/-) mice that are deficient in signalling by all TLRs, RLRs and IL-1R, as well as other cytokine receptors such as IL-18 receptor. Early production of pro-inflammatory mediators and lung infiltration by immune cells were completely abrogated in infected Myd88/Trif/Mavs(-/-) mice. However, RSV-specific CD8(+) T cells were elicited and recruited into the lungs and airways. Consistent with these findings, Myd88/Trif/Mavs(-/-) mice survived RSV infection but displayed higher viral load and weight loss. These data highlight an unappreciated level of redundancy in pathways that couple innate virus sensing to adaptive immunity, providing the host with remarkable resilience to infection.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Goritzka</LastName><ForeName>Michelle</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Respiratory Infections, Respiratory Infections Section, St Mary's campus, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pereira</LastName><ForeName>Catherine</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Respiratory Infections, Respiratory Infections Section, St Mary's campus, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Makris</LastName><ForeName>Spyridon</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Respiratory Infections, Respiratory Infections Section, St Mary's campus, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Durant</LastName><ForeName>Lydia R</ForeName><Initials>LR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Respiratory Infections, Respiratory Infections Section, St Mary's campus, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Cecilia</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Respiratory Infections, Respiratory Infections Section, St Mary's campus, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>G0800311</GrantID><Agency>Medical Research Council</Agency><Country>United Kingdom</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>21</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Sci Rep</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101563288</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2045-2322</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D048868">Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D033942">Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular 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In an innovative process, macroalgae can be treated with Fe and processed through slow pyrolysis into Fe-biochar which has a high affinity for oxyanions. However, the effect of production conditions on the efficacy of Fe-biochar is poorly understood. We produced Fe-biochar from two algal sources; "Gracilaria waste" (organic remnants after agar is extracted from cultivated Gracilaria) and the freshwater macroalgae Oedogonium. Pyrolysis experiments tested the effects of the concentration of Fe(3+) in pre-treatment, and pyrolysis temperatures, on the efficacy of the Fe-biochar. The efficacy of Fe-biochar increased with increasing concentrations of Fe(3+) in the pre-treatment solutions, and decreased with increasing pyrolysis temperatures. The optimized Fe-biochar for each biomass was produced by treatment with a 12.5% w/v Fe(3+) solution, followed by slow pyrolysis at 300&#xa0;&#xb0;C. The Fe-biochar produced in this way had higher a biosorption capacity for As and Mo (62.5-80.7 and 67.4-78.5&#xa0;mg&#xa0;g(-1) respectively) than Se (14.9-38.8&#xa0;mg&#xa0;g(-1)) in single-element mock effluents, and the Fe-biochar produced from Oedogonium had a higher capacity for all elements than the Fe-biochar produced from Gracilaria waste. Regardless, the optimal Fe-biochars from both biomass sources were able to effectively treat Se, As and Mo simultaneously in an ash disposal effluent from a power station. The production of Fe-biochar from macroalgae is a promising technique for treatment of complex effluents containing oxyanions.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright &#xa9; 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Charlotte L</ForeName><Initials>CL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>MACRO - the Centre for Macroalgal Resources and Biotechnology, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia. Electronic address: charlotte.johansson@my.jcu.edu.au.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Paul</LastName><ForeName>Nicholas A</ForeName><Initials>NA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>MACRO - the Centre for Macroalgal Resources and Biotechnology, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Nys</LastName><ForeName>Rocky</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>MACRO - the Centre for Macroalgal Resources and Biotechnology, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Roberts</LastName><ForeName>David A</ForeName><Initials>DA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>MACRO - the Centre for Macroalgal Resources and Biotechnology, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>27</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>J Environ Manage</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0401664</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0301-4797</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D003031">Coal</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D060729">Coal Ash</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D014874">Water Pollutants, 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MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018533" MajorTopicYN="N">Biomass</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002606" MajorTopicYN="N">Charcoal</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000460" MajorTopicYN="N">Chlorophyta</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003031" MajorTopicYN="N">Coal</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D060729" MajorTopicYN="N">Coal Ash</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005618" MajorTopicYN="N">Fresh Water</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D044724" MajorTopicYN="N">Gracilaria</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007501" MajorTopicYN="N">Iron</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008982" MajorTopicYN="N">Molybdenum</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012624" MajorTopicYN="N">Seaweed</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012643" MajorTopicYN="N">Selenium</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014874" MajorTopicYN="N">Water Pollutants, Chemical</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018508" MajorTopicYN="N">Water Purification</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="Y">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Biochar</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Bioremediation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Biosorption</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Gracilaria</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Macroalgae</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Oedogonium</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Pyrolysis</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2014</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2015</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>28</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>17</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26413805</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.09.021</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S0301-4797(15)30273-5</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Curated"><PMID Version="1">26363250</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>04</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>02</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1878-1632</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>16</Volume><Issue>5</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>May</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Spine J</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The long-term outcome of lumbar fusion in the Swedish lumbar spine study.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>579</StartPage><EndPage>587</EndPage><MedlinePgn>579-87</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.spinee.2015.08.065</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S1529-9430(15)01371-6</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND CONTEXT">Current literature suggests that in the long-term, fusion of the lumbar spine in chronic low back pain (CLBP) does not result in an outcome clearly better than structured conservative treatment modes.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="PURPOSE">This study aimed to assess the long-term outcome of lumbar fusion in CLBP, and also to assess methodological problems in long-term randomized controlled trials (RCTs).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="STUDY DESIGN">A prospective randomized study was carried out.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="PATIENT SAMPLE">A total of 294 patients (144 women and 150 men) with CLBP of at least 2 years' duration were randomized to lumbar fusion or non-specific physiotherapy. The mean follow-up time was 12.8 years (range 9-22). The follow up rate was 85%; exclusion of deceased patients resulted in a follow-up rate of 92%.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="OUTCOME MEASURES">Global Assessment (GA) of back pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), visual analogue scale (VAS) for back and leg pain, Zung depression scale were determined. Work status, pain medication, and pain frequency were also documented.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS">Standardized outcome questionnaires were obtained before treatment and at long-term follow-up. To optimize control for group changers, four models of data analysis were used according to (1) intention to treat (ITT), (2) "as treated" (AT), (3) per protocol (PP), and (4) if the conservative group automatically classify group changers as unchanged or worse in GA (GCAC). The initial study was sponsored by Acromed (US$50,000-US$100,000).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS">Except for the ITT model, the GA, the primary outcome measure, was significantly better for fusion. The proportion of patients much better or better in the fusion group was 66%, 65%, and 65% in the AT, PP, and GCAC models, respectively. In the conservative group, the same proportions were 31%, 37%, and 22%, respectively. However, the ODI, VAS back pain, work status, pain medication, and pain frequency were similar between the two groups.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS">One can conclude that from the patient's perspective, reflected by the GA, lumbar fusion surgery is a valid treatment option in CLBP. On the other hand, secondary outcome measures such as ODI and work status, best analyzed by the PP model, indicated that substantial disability remained at long-term after fusion as well as after conservative treatment. The lack of objective outcome measures in CLBP and the cross-over problem transforms an RCT to an observational study, that is, Level 2 evidence. The discrepancy between the primary and secondary outcome measures prevents a strong conclusion on whether to recommend fusion in non-specific low back pain.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright &#xa9; 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hedlund</LastName><ForeName>Rune</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Orthopaedics, Salhgrenska University Hospital, Bruna str&#xe5;ket 11, Gothenburg, SE 413 45, Sweden. Electronic address: rune.hedlund@vgregion.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Christer</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Orthopaedics, Salhgrenska University Hospital, Bruna str&#xe5;ket 11, Gothenburg, SE 413 45, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>H&#xe4;gg</LastName><ForeName>Olle</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>G&#xf6;teborg Spine Center, Gruvgatan 8, V&#xe4;stra Fr&#xf6;lunda, SE 421 30, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fritzell</LastName><ForeName>Peter</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Orthopedics, L&#xe4;nssjukhuset, Ryhov, SE 551 85 Ryhov, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tullberg</LastName><ForeName>Tycho</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Stockholm Spine Center AB, L&#xf6;wenstr&#xf6;mska Sjukhuset, Upplands V&#xe4;sby, SE 194 89, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>Swedish Lumbar Spine Study Group</CollectiveName></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016449">Randomized Controlled Trial</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>09</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Spine J</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101130732</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1529-9430</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="CommentIn"><RefSource>Spine J. 2016 May;16(5):588-90. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2015.12.001</RefSource><PMID Version="1">27261844</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="CommentIn"><RefSource>Spine J. 2017 May;17(5):754. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2016.12.006</RefSource><PMID Version="1">28431682</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017116" MajorTopicYN="N">Low Back Pain</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000601" MajorTopicYN="Y">surgery</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008159" MajorTopicYN="N">Lumbar Vertebrae</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000601" MajorTopicYN="Y">surgery</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D026741" MajorTopicYN="N">Physical Therapy Modalities</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000009" MajorTopicYN="N">adverse effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011183" MajorTopicYN="N">Postoperative Complications</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011446" MajorTopicYN="N">Prospective Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016032" MajorTopicYN="N">Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013123" MajorTopicYN="N">Spinal Fusion</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000009" MajorTopicYN="Y">adverse effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011795" MajorTopicYN="N">Surveys and Questionnaires</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013548" MajorTopicYN="N">Sweden</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016896" MajorTopicYN="N">Treatment Outcome</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Chronic low back pain</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Conservative treatment</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Long-term outcome</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Lumbar fusion</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Physical therapy</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Randomized trial</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>19</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2015</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>30</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>27</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>13</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>13</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2017</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>5</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26363250</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.spinee.2015.08.065</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S1529-9430(15)01371-6</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26343639</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>24</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1422-0067</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>16</Volume><Issue>9</Issue><PubDate><Year>2015</Year><Month>Aug</Month><Day>27</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>International journal of molecular sciences</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Int J Mol Sci</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Classification of Magnetic Nanoparticle Systems--Synthesis, Standardization and Analysis Methods in the NanoMag Project.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>20308</StartPage><EndPage>20325</EndPage><MedlinePgn>20308-25</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3390/ijms160920308</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>This study presents classification of different magnetic single- and multi-core particle systems using their measured dynamic magnetic properties together with their nanocrystal and particle sizes. The dynamic magnetic properties are measured with AC (dynamical) susceptometry and magnetorelaxometry and the size parameters are determined from electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. Using these methods, we also show that the nanocrystal size and particle morphology determines the dynamic magnetic properties for both single- and multi-core particles. The presented results are obtained from the four year EU NMP FP7 project, NanoMag, which is focused on standardization of analysis methods for magnetic nanoparticles.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bogren</LastName><ForeName>Sara</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Acreo Swedish ICT AB, Arvid Hedvalls Backe 4, Box 53071, SE-400 14 G&#xf6;teborg, Sweden. sara.bogren@acreo.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fornara</LastName><ForeName>Andrea</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Box 5607, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden. andrea.fornara@sp.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ludwig</LastName><ForeName>Frank</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Electrical Measurement and Fundamental Electrical Engineering, TU Braunschweig D-38106, Germany. f.ludwig@tu-bs.de.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Del Puerto Morales</LastName><ForeName>Maria</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, ICMM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain. puerto@icmm.csic.es.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Steinhoff</LastName><ForeName>Uwe</ForeName><Initials>U</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, D-10587 Berlin, Germany. Uwe.Steinhoff@ptb.de.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hansen</LastName><ForeName>Mikkel Fougt</ForeName><Initials>MF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Micro and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech, Building 345 East, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark. mikkel.hansen@nanotech.dtu.dk.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kazakova</LastName><ForeName>Olga</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Physical Laboratory, TW11 0LW Teddington, UK. olga.kazakova@npl.co.uk.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Christer</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Acreo Swedish ICT AB, Arvid Hedvalls Backe 4, Box 53071, SE-400 14 G&#xf6;teborg, Sweden. christer.johansson@acreo.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>27</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Int J Mol Sci</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101092791</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1422-0067</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D058185">Magnetite Nanoparticles</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000465" MajorTopicYN="N">Algorithms</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058185" MajorTopicYN="N">Magnetite Nanoparticles</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000145" MajorTopicYN="Y">classification</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008962" MajorTopicYN="N">Models, Theoretical</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">magnetic analysis</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">magnetic material</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">magnetic nanoparticles</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">magnetic synthesis</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">nanostructures</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">standardization</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>3</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2015</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>14</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>19</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>8</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>8</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>25</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2015</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>1</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26343639</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC4613205</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.3390/ijms160920308</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">ijms160920308</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Pankhurst Q.A., Connolly J., Jones S.K., Dobson J. 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Here, we report multi-core nanoparticle synthesis based on a controlled precipitation process within a well-defined oil in water emulsion to trap the superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) in a range of polymer matrices of choice, such as poly(styrene), poly(lactid acid), poly(methyl methacrylate), and poly(caprolactone). Multi-core particles were obtained within the Z-average size range of 130 to 340 nm. With the aim to combine the fast room temperature magnetic relaxation of small individual cores with high magnetization of the ensemble of SPIONs, we used small (&lt;10 nm) core nanoparticles. The performed synthesis is highly flexible with respect to the choice of polymer and SPION loading and gives rise to multi-core particles with interesting magnetic properties and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast efficacy.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sommertune</LastName><ForeName>Jens</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>SP, Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Box 5607, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden. jens.sommertune@sp.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sugunan</LastName><ForeName>Abhilash</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>SP, Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Box 5607, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden. abhilash.sugunan@sp.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ahniyaz</LastName><ForeName>Anwar</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>SP, Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Box 5607, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden. anwar.ahniyaz@sp.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bejhed</LastName><ForeName>Rebecca Stjernberg</ForeName><Initials>RS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Physics, Uppsala University, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden. Rebecca.Bejhed@angstrom.uu.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sarwe</LastName><ForeName>Anna</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Acreo Swedish ICT AB, Box 53071, SE-400 14 G&#xf6;teborg, Sweden. Anna.Sarwe@acreo.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Christer</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Acreo Swedish ICT AB, Box 53071, SE-400 14 G&#xf6;teborg, Sweden. Christer.Johansson@acreo.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Balceris</LastName><ForeName>Christoph</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Electrical Measurement and Fundamental Electrical Engineering, TU Braunschweig, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany. c.balceris@tu-bs.de.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ludwig</LastName><ForeName>Frank</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Electrical Measurement and Fundamental Electrical Engineering, TU Braunschweig, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany. f.ludwig@tu-bs.de.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Posth</LastName><ForeName>Oliver</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, 10587 Berlin, Germany. oliver.posth@ptb.de.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fornara</LastName><ForeName>Andrea</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>SP, Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Box 5607, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden. andrea.fornara@sp.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>20</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Int J Mol Sci</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101092791</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1422-0067</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D005290">Ferric Compounds</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D058185">Magnetite Nanoparticles</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D011108">Polymers</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>1K09F3G675</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C000499">ferric oxide</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005290" MajorTopicYN="N">Ferric Compounds</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008279" MajorTopicYN="N">Magnetic Resonance Imaging</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="N">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058185" MajorTopicYN="N">Magnetite Nanoparticles</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010316" MajorTopicYN="N">Particle Size</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011108" MajorTopicYN="N">Polymers</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">iron oxide nanoparticle</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">multi core</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">nanocomposite</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">polymer encapsulation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">single core</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>3</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2015</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>7</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>14</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>27</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>27</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>18</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2015</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>1</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26307966</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC4581323</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.3390/ijms160819752</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">ijms160819752</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Laurent S., Forge D., Port M., Roch A., Robic C., Vander Elst L., Muller R.N. 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In this paper, we describe the discovery and characterization of a new, potent and selective A2a agonist (compound 2) with prolonged lung retention and limited systemic exposure following local administration. To support the lead optimization chemistry program with compound selection and profiling, multiple in vitro and in vivo assays were used, characterizing compound properties, pharmacodynamics (PD), and drug concentrations. Particularly, pharmacokinetic-PD modeling was applied to quantify the effects on the cardiovascular system, and an investigative toxicology study in rats was performed to explore potential myocardial toxicities. Compound 2, in comparison to a reference A2a agonist, UK-432,097, demonstrated higher solubility, lower lipophilicity, lower plasma protein binding, high rat lung retention (28% remaining after 24&#xa0;h), and was efficacious in a lung inflammatory rat model following intratracheal dosing. Despite these properties, compound 2 did not provide a sufficient therapeutic index, that is, separation of local anti-inflammatory efficacy in the lung from systemic side effects in the cardiovascular system. The plasma concentration that resulted in induction of hypotension (half maximal effective concentration; EC50 0.5&#xa0;nmol/L) correlated to the in vitro A2a potency (rIC50 0.6&#xa0;nmol/L). Histopathological lesions in the heart were observed at a dose level which is threefold above the efficacious dose level in the inflammatory rat lung model. In conclusion, compound 2 is a highly potent and selective A2a agonist with significant lung retention after intratracheal administration. Despite its local anti-inflammatory efficacy in rat lung, small margins to the cardiovascular effects suggested limited therapeutic value of this compound for treatment of inflammatory lung disease by the inhaled route.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>&#xc5;strand</LastName><ForeName>Annika B M</ForeName><Initials>AB</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>RIA iMed, AstraZeneca R&amp;D M&#xf6;lndal SE-431 59, M&#xf6;lndal, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lamm Bergstr&#xf6;m</LastName><ForeName>Eva</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>RIA iMed, AstraZeneca R&amp;D M&#xf6;lndal SE-431 59, M&#xf6;lndal, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Hui</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Drug Safety &amp; Metabolism, AstraZeneca R&amp;D M&#xf6;lndal SE-431 59, M&#xf6;lndal, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>B&#xf6;rjesson</LastName><ForeName>Lena</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>RIA iMed, AstraZeneca R&amp;D M&#xf6;lndal SE-431 59, M&#xf6;lndal, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>S&#xf6;derdahl</LastName><ForeName>Therese</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Drug Safety &amp; Metabolism, AstraZeneca R&amp;D M&#xf6;lndal SE-431 59, M&#xf6;lndal, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wingren</LastName><ForeName>Cecilia</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>RIA iMed, AstraZeneca R&amp;D M&#xf6;lndal SE-431 59, M&#xf6;lndal, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jansson</LastName><ForeName>Anne-Helene</ForeName><Initials>AH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>RIA iMed, AstraZeneca R&amp;D M&#xf6;lndal SE-431 59, M&#xf6;lndal, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Smailagic</LastName><ForeName>Amir</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>RIA iMed, AstraZeneca R&amp;D M&#xf6;lndal SE-431 59, M&#xf6;lndal, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Camilla</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Drug Safety &amp; 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Objective&#x2003;Despite a large number of publications of outcomes after spinal fusion surgery, there is still no consensus on the efficacy of the several different fusion methods. The aim of this study was to determine whether transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) results in an improved clinical outcome compared with uninstrumented posterolateral fusion (PLF) in the surgical treatment for chronic low back pain. Methods&#x2003;This study included 135 patients with degenerative disk disease (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;96) or postdiskectomy syndrome (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;39). Inclusion criteria were at least 1&#x2009;year of back pain with or without leg pain in patients aged 20 to 65 with one- or two-level disease. Exclusion criteria were sequestration of disk hernia, psychosocial instability, isthmic spondylolisthesis, drug abuse, and previous spine surgery other than diskectomy. Pain was assessed by visual analog scale (pain index). Functional disability was quantified by the disability rating index and Oswestry Disability Index. The global outcome was assessed by the patient and classified as much better, better, unchanged, or worse. The patients were randomized to conventional uninstrumented PLF (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;67) or TLIF (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;68). PLF was performed in a standardized fashion using autograft. TLIF was performed with pedicle titanium screw fixation and a porous tantalum interbody spacer with interbody and posterolateral autograft. The clinical outcome measurements were obtained preoperatively and at 12 and 24 months postoperatively. The 2-year follow-up rate was 98%. Results&#x2003;The two treatment groups improved significantly from preoperatively to 2 years' follow-up. At final follow-up, the results in the TLIF group were significantly superior to those in the PLF group in pain index (2.0 versus 3.9, p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.007) and in disability rating index (22 versus 36, p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.003). The Oswestry Disability Index was better in the TLIF group (20 versus 28, p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.110, not significant). The global assessment was clearly superior in the TLIF group: 63% of patients scored "much better" in the TLIF group as compared with 48% in the PLF group (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.017). Conclusions&#x2003;The results of the current study support the use of TLIF rather than uninstrumented PLF in the surgical treatment of the degenerative lumbar spine. The less optimal outcome after uninstrumented PLF may be explained by the much higher reoperation rate.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jalalpour</LastName><ForeName>Kourosh</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Orthopedics, Department of Clinical Science, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Neumann</LastName><ForeName>Pavel</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Christer</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hedlund</LastName><ForeName>Rune</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>25</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Global Spine J</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101596156</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2192-5682</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">chronic low back pain</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">posterolateral noninstrumented fusion</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement><b>Disclosures</b> Kourosh Jalalpour, none

Pavel Neumann, none

Christer Johansson, none

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Chronic low back pain and fusion: a comparison of three surgical techniques: a prospective multicenter randomized study from the Swedish lumbar spine study group Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 200227111131&#x2013;1141.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12045508</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Zdeblick T A. A prospective, randomized study of lumbar fusion. Preliminary results. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1993;18(8):983&#x2013;991.</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">8367786</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26207625</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>05</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2019</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>10</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1932-6203</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>10</Volume><Issue>7</Issue><PubDate><Year>2015</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>PloS one</Title><ISOAbbreviation>PLoS One</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Cell Fusion along the Anterior-Posterior Neuroaxis in Mice with Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>e0133903</StartPage><MedlinePgn>e0133903</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">e0133903</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1371/journal.pone.0133903</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">It is well documented that bone marrow-derived cells can fuse with a diverse range of cells, including brain cells, under normal or pathological conditions. Inflammation leads to robust fusion of bone marrow-derived cells with Purkinje cells and the formation of binucleate heterokaryons in the cerebellum. Heterokaryons form through the fusion of two developmentally differential cells and as a result contain two distinct nuclei without subsequent nuclear or chromosome loss.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="AIM" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">In the brain, fusion of bone marrow-derived cells appears to be restricted to the complex and large Purkinje cells, raising the question whether the size of the recipient cell is important for cell fusion in the central nervous system. Purkinje cells are among the largest neurons in the central nervous system and accordingly can harbor two nuclei.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Using a well-characterized model for heterokaryon formation in the cerebellum (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis - a mouse model of multiple sclerosis), we report for the first time that green fluorescent protein-labeled bone marrow-derived cells can fuse and form heterokaryons with spinal cord motor neurons. These spinal cord heterokaryons are predominantly located in or adjacent to an active or previously active inflammation site, demonstrating that inflammation and infiltration of immune cells are key for cell fusion in the central nervous system. While some motor neurons were found to contain two nuclei, co-expressing green fluorescent protein and the neuronal marker, neuron-specific nuclear protein, a number of small interneurons also co-expressed green fluorescent protein and the neuronal marker, neuron-specific nuclear protein. These small heterokaryons were scattered in the gray matter of the spinal cord.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">This novel finding expands the repertoire of neurons that can form heterokaryons with bone marrow-derived cells in the central nervous system, albeit in low numbers, possibly leading to a novel therapy for spinal cord motor neurons or other neurons that are compromised in the central nervous system.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sankavaram</LastName><ForeName>Sreenivasa R</ForeName><Initials>SR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Svensson</LastName><ForeName>Mikael A</ForeName><Initials>MA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Olsson</LastName><ForeName>Tomas</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Brundin</LastName><ForeName>Lou</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Clas B</ForeName><Initials>CB</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Public Dental Service at G&#xe4;ll&#xf6;, J&#xe4;mtland H&#xe4;rjedalen County Council, G&#xe4;ll&#xf6;, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>24</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>PLoS One</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101285081</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1932-6203</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D004268">DNA-Binding Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D009419">Nerve Tissue Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C492380">NeuN protein, mouse</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D009687">Nuclear Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001921" MajorTopicYN="N">Brain</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="Y">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002490" MajorTopicYN="N">Central Nervous System</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002531" MajorTopicYN="N">Cerebellum</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004268" MajorTopicYN="N">DNA-Binding Proteins</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004195" MajorTopicYN="N">Disease Models, Animal</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004681" MajorTopicYN="N">Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="Y">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015870" MajorTopicYN="N">Gene Expression</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017930" MajorTopicYN="N">Genes, Reporter</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015726" MajorTopicYN="N">Giant Cells</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="Y">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007395" MajorTopicYN="N">Interneurons</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D051379" MajorTopicYN="N">Mice</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009046" MajorTopicYN="N">Motor Neurons</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009103" MajorTopicYN="N">Multiple Sclerosis</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009419" MajorTopicYN="N">Nerve Tissue Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009687" MajorTopicYN="N">Nuclear 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For the health impacts calculations in 2030, the change in annual ambient NOX and PM10 exposure of the general population was modelled in 100 &#xd7; 100&#x2009;m(2) grids for Greater Stockholm area. The tunnel exposure was estimated based on calculated annual average NOX concentrations, time spent in tunnel and number of tunnel users. For the general population, we estimate annually 23.7 (95% CI: 17.7-32.3) fewer premature deaths as ambient concentrations are reduced. At the same time, tunnel users will be exposed to NOX levels up to 2000&#x2009;&#x3bc;g/m(-3). Passing through the whole tunnel two times on working days would correspond to an additional annual NOX exposure of 9.6&#x2009;&#x3bc;g/m(3). Assuming that there will be ~55,000 vehicles daily each way and 1.3 persons of 30-74 years of age in each vehicle, we estimate the tunnel exposure to result in 20.6 (95% CI: 14.1-25.6) premature deaths annually. If there were more persons per vehicle, or older and vulnerable people travelling, or tunnel dispersion conditions worsen, the adverse effect would become larger.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Orru</LastName><ForeName>Hans</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>1] Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University, Umea, Sweden [2] Department of Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>L&#xf6;venheim</LastName><ForeName>Boel</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Stockholm Environment and Health Administration, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Christer</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>1] Stockholm Environment and Health Administration, Stockholm, Sweden [2] Department of Applied Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Forsberg</LastName><ForeName>Bertil</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University, Umea, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>29</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101262796</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1559-0631</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000393">Air Pollutants</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D009589">Nitrogen Oxides</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D052638">Particulate Matter</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D001335">Vehicle Emissions</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000393" MajorTopicYN="N">Air Pollutants</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000009" MajorTopicYN="N">adverse effects</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000397" MajorTopicYN="N">Air Pollution</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000009" MajorTopicYN="Y">adverse effects</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004784" MajorTopicYN="N">Environmental Monitoring</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="N">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006304" MajorTopicYN="N">Health Status</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008962" MajorTopicYN="N">Models, Theoretical</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009026" MajorTopicYN="Y">Mortality</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009589" MajorTopicYN="N">Nitrogen Oxides</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000009" MajorTopicYN="Y">adverse effects</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010316" MajorTopicYN="N">Particle Size</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D052638" MajorTopicYN="N">Particulate Matter</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000009" MajorTopicYN="Y">adverse effects</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018570" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Assessment</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="Y">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013548" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Sweden</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014505" MajorTopicYN="N">Urban Population</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001335" MajorTopicYN="Y">Vehicle Emissions</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2014</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>3</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2014</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>18</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2014</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>27</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>21</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25921080</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1038/jes.2015.24</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">jes201524</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>JAMA. 2002 Mar 6;287(9):1132-41</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">11879110</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Lancet. 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IssnType="Electronic">1552-8618</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>34</Volume><Issue>9</Issue><PubDate><Year>2015</Year><Month>Sep</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Environmental toxicology and chemistry</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Environ Toxicol Chem</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Long-term effects of the antibacterial agent triclosan on marine periphyton communities.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>2067</StartPage><EndPage>2077</EndPage><MedlinePgn>2067-77</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1002/etc.3030</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Triclosan is a widely used antibacterial agent that has become a ubiquitous contaminant in freshwater, estuary, and marine environments. Concerns about potential adverse effects of triclosan have been described in several recent risk assessments. Its effects on freshwater microbial communities have been well studied, but studies addressing effects on marine microbial communities are scarce. In the present study, the authors describe short- and long-term effects of triclosan on marine periphyton (microbial biofilm) communities. Short-term effects on photosynthesis were estimated after 60&#x2009;min to 210&#x2009;min of exposure. Long-term effects on photosynthesis, chlorophyll a fluorescence, pigment content, community tolerance, and bacterial carbon utilization were studied after exposing periphyton for 17&#x2009;d in flow-through microcosms to 0.316&#x2009;nM to 10,000&#x2009;nM triclosan. Results from the short-term studies show that triclosan is toxic to periphyton photosynthesis. Half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values of 1080&#x2009;nM and 3000&#x2009;nM were estimated using (14)CO2-incorporation and pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) fluorescence measurements, respectively. After long-term triclosan exposure in flow-through microcosms, photosynthesis estimated using PAM fluorometry was not inhibited by triclosan concentrations up to 1000&#x2009;nM but instead increased with increasing triclosan concentration. Similarly, at exposure concentrations of 31.6&#x2009;nM and higher, triclosan caused an increase in photosynthetic pigments. At 316&#x2009;nM triclosan, the pigment amounts were increased by a factor of 1.4 to 1.9 compared with the control level. Pollution-induced community tolerance was observed for algae and cyanobacteria at 100&#x2009;nM triclosan and higher. Despite the widespread use of triclosan as an antibacterial agent, the compound did not have any effects on bacterial carbon utilization after long-term exposure.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>&#xa9; 2015 SETAC.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Eriksson</LastName><ForeName>K Martin</ForeName><Initials>KM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Shipping and Marine Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>C Henrik</ForeName><Initials>CH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fihlman</LastName><ForeName>Viktor</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Grehn</LastName><ForeName>Alexander</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sanli</LastName><ForeName>Kemal</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Andersson</LastName><ForeName>Mats X</ForeName><Initials>MX</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Blanck</LastName><ForeName>Hans</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Arrhenius</LastName><ForeName>&#xc5;sa</ForeName><Initials>&#xc5;</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sircar</LastName><ForeName>Triranta</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Backhaus</LastName><ForeName>Thomas</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>24</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Environ Toxicol Chem</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8308958</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0730-7268</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000900">Anti-Bacterial Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D002250">Carbon Radioisotopes</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D014874">Water Pollutants, Chemical</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>1406-65-1</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D002734">Chlorophyll</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>142M471B3J</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D002245">Carbon Dioxide</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>4NM5039Y5X</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D014260">Triclosan</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>YF5Q9EJC8Y</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000077194">Chlorophyll A</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000900" MajorTopicYN="N">Anti-Bacterial Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000633" MajorTopicYN="N">toxicity</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018441" MajorTopicYN="N">Biofilms</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="N">drug effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002245" MajorTopicYN="N">Carbon Dioxide</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002250" MajorTopicYN="N">Carbon Radioisotopes</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002734" MajorTopicYN="N">Chlorophyll</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000077194" MajorTopicYN="N">Chlorophyll A</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000460" MajorTopicYN="N">Chlorophyta</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="Y">drug effects</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002851" MajorTopicYN="N">Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000458" MajorTopicYN="N">Cyanobacteria</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="Y">drug effects</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004351" MajorTopicYN="N">Drug Resistance</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005470" MajorTopicYN="N">Fluorometry</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010788" MajorTopicYN="N">Photosynthesis</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="N">drug effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013997" MajorTopicYN="N">Time Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014260" MajorTopicYN="N">Triclosan</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000633" MajorTopicYN="Y">toxicity</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014874" MajorTopicYN="N">Water Pollutants, Chemical</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000633" MajorTopicYN="Y">toxicity</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Biofilm</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Irgasan</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Microbial toxicology</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Mode of action</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Personal care products</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Pollution-induced community tolerance (PICT)</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2014</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>1</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2014</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>25</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>19</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>24</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>24</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>5</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25904164</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1002/etc.3030</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">25900886</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2015</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>24</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2015</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>08</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1096-0341</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>482</Volume><PubDate><Year>2015</Year><Month>Aug</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Virology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Virology</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Acetylation of intragenic histones on HPV16 correlates with enhanced HPV16 gene expression.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>244</StartPage><EndPage>259</EndPage><MedlinePgn>244-59</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.virol.2015.02.053</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0042-6822(15)00187-7</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>We report that many histone modifications are unevenly distributed over the HPV16 genome in cervical cancer cells as well as in HPV16-immortalized keratinocytes. For example, H3K36me3 and H3K9Ac that are common in highly expressed cellular genes and over exons, were more common in the early than in the late region of the HPV16 genome. In contrast, H3K9me3, H4K20me3, H2BK5me1 and H4K16Ac were more frequent in the HPV16 late region. Furthermore, a region encompassing the HPV16 early polyadenylation signal pAE displayed high levels of histone H3 acetylation. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors caused a 2- to 8-fold induction of HPV16 early and late mRNAs in cervical cancer cells and in immortalized keratinocytes, while at the same time increasing the levels of acetylated histones in the cells and on the HPV16 genome specifically. We concluded that increased histone acetylation on the HPV16 genome correlates with increased HPV16 gene expression.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright &#xa9; 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Cecilia</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jamal Fattah</LastName><ForeName>Tavan</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yu</LastName><ForeName>Haoran</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nygren</LastName><ForeName>Jakob</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mossberg</LastName><ForeName>Ann-Kristin</ForeName><Initials>AK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schwartz</LastName><ForeName>Stefan</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden. Electronic address: Stefan.Schwartz@med.lu.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>17</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Virology</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0110674</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0042-6822</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D006657">Histones</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000107" MajorTopicYN="N">Acetylation</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015967" MajorTopicYN="Y">Gene Expression Regulation, Viral</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006657" MajorTopicYN="N">Histones</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D054884" MajorTopicYN="Y">Host-Pathogen Interactions</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D052162" MajorTopicYN="N">Human papillomavirus 16</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011499" MajorTopicYN="Y">Protein Processing, Post-Translational</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Epigenetics</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">H2BK5me1</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">H3K36me3</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">H3K9Ac</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">H3K9me3</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">H4K20me3</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">HDAC inhibitor</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">HPV16</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Histone marks</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Hnrnp</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Panobinostat</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Papillomavirus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Polyadenylation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Quisinostat</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">SR proteins</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Splicing</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2014</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>10</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2015</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>23</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>25</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>23</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>23</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2015</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>25</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25900886</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.virol.2015.02.053</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S0042-6822(15)00187-7</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></PubmedArticle><PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">25897172</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2015</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>14</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>09</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1540-9538</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>212</Volume><Issue>5</Issue><PubDate><Year>2015</Year><Month>May</Month><Day>04</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>The Journal of experimental medicine</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Exp Med</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Alveolar macrophage-derived type I interferons orchestrate innate immunity to RSV through recruitment of antiviral monocytes.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>699</StartPage><EndPage>714</EndPage><MedlinePgn>699-714</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1084/jem.20140825</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Type I interferons (IFNs) are important for host defense from viral infections, acting to restrict viral production in infected cells and to promote antiviral immune responses. However, the type I IFN system has also been associated with severe lung inflammatory disease in response to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Which cells produce type I IFNs upon RSV infection and how this directs immune responses to the virus, and potentially results in pathological inflammation, is unclear. Here, we show that alveolar macrophages (AMs) are the major source of type I IFNs upon RSV infection in mice. AMs detect RSV via mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS)-coupled retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs), and loss of MAVS greatly compromises innate immune restriction of RSV. This is largely attributable to loss of type I IFN-dependent induction of monocyte chemoattractants and subsequent reduced recruitment of inflammatory monocytes (infMo) to the lungs. Notably, the latter have potent antiviral activity and are essential to control infection and lessen disease severity. Thus, infMo recruitment constitutes an important and hitherto underappreciated, cell-extrinsic mechanism of type I IFN-mediated antiviral activity. Dysregulation of this system of host antiviral defense may underlie the development of RSV-induced severe lung inflammation.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>&#xa9; 2015 Goritzka et al.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Goritzka</LastName><ForeName>Michelle</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Respiratory Infection, Respiratory Infections Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, England, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Makris</LastName><ForeName>Spyridon</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Respiratory Infection, Respiratory Infections Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, England, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kausar</LastName><ForeName>Fahima</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Respiratory Infection, Respiratory Infections Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, England, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Durant</LastName><ForeName>Lydia R</ForeName><Initials>LR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Respiratory Infection, Respiratory Infections Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, England, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pereira</LastName><ForeName>Catherine</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Respiratory Infection, Respiratory Infections Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, England, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kumagai</LastName><ForeName>Yutaro</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratory of Host Defense, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Culley</LastName><ForeName>Fiona J</ForeName><Initials>FJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Respiratory Infection, Respiratory Infections Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, England, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mack</LastName><ForeName>Matthias</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Akira</LastName><ForeName>Shizuo</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratory of Host Defense, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Cecilia</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Respiratory Infection, Respiratory Infections Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, England, UK c.johansson@imperial.ac.uk.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>G0800311</GrantID><Agency>Medical Research Council</Agency><Country>United Kingdom</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>20</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>J Exp Med</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>2985109R</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0022-1007</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D048868">Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C512612">IPS-1 protein, mouse</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D007370">Interferon Type I</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D008565">Membrane Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D009419">Nerve Tissue Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D011956">Receptors, Cell Surface</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C118348">Robo3 protein, mouse</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D048868" MajorTopicYN="N">Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007113" MajorTopicYN="Y">Immunity, Innate</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007370" MajorTopicYN="N">Interferon Type I</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016676" MajorTopicYN="N">Macrophages, Alveolar</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008565" MajorTopicYN="N">Membrane Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D051379" MajorTopicYN="N">Mice</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018345" MajorTopicYN="N">Mice, Knockout</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009000" MajorTopicYN="N">Monocytes</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009419" MajorTopicYN="N">Nerve Tissue Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011024" MajorTopicYN="N">Pneumonia, Viral</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011956" MajorTopicYN="N">Receptors, Cell Surface</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018357" MajorTopicYN="N">Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012136" MajorTopicYN="N">Respiratory Syncytial Viruses</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2014</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>30</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>24</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>22</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>22</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2015</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>15</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2015</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>4</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25897172</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC4419339</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1084/jem.20140825</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">jem.20140825</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Asselin-Paturel C., Boonstra A., Dalod M., Durand I., Yessaad N., Dezutter-Dambuyant C., Vicari A., O&#x2019;Garra A., Biron C., Bri&#xe8;re F., and Trinchieri G.. 2001. 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These cells either contained a novel spliced variant of the L1 mRNAs that bypassed the suppressed HPV16 late, 5'-splice site SD3632; produced elevated levels of RNA-binding proteins SRSF1 (ASF/SF2), SRSF9 (SRp30c), and HuR that are known to regulate HPV16 late gene expression; or were shown by a gene expression array analysis to overexpress the RALYL RNA-binding protein of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C (hnRNP C) family. Overexpression of RALYL or hnRNP C1 induced HPV16 late gene expression from HPV16 subgenomic plasmids and from episomal forms of the full-length HPV16 genome. This induction was dependent on the HPV16 early untranslated region. Binding of hnRNP C1 to the HPV16 early, untranslated region activated HPV16 late 5'-splice site SD3632 and resulted in production of HPV16 L1 mRNAs. Our results suggested that hnRNP C1 controls HPV16 late gene expression.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>&#xa9; 2015 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dhanjal</LastName><ForeName>Soniya</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kajitani</LastName><ForeName>Naoko</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Glahder</LastName><ForeName>Jacob</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mossberg</LastName><ForeName>Ann-Kristin</ForeName><Initials>AK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Johansson</LastName><ForeName>Cecilia</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schwartz</LastName><ForeName>Stefan</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden Stefan.Schwartz@med.lu.se.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>15</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>J Biol Chem</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>2985121R</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0021-9258</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D020413">3' Untranslated Regions</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C439788">C1 HNRNP</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D036022">Capsid Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D034482">Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Group C</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D009856">Oncogene Proteins, Viral</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D012333">RNA, Messenger</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D012367">RNA, Viral</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>6LTE2DNX63</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C063317">L1 protein, Human papillomavirus type 16</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020413" MajorTopicYN="N">3' Untranslated Regions</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015153" MajorTopicYN="N">Blotting, Western</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D036022" MajorTopicYN="N">Capsid Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000078404" MajorTopicYN="N">Epidermal Cells</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004817" MajorTopicYN="N">Epidermis</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005455" MajorTopicYN="N">Fluorescent Antibody Technique</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015967" MajorTopicYN="Y">Gene Expression Regulation, Viral</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D034482" MajorTopicYN="N">Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Group C</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D052162" MajorTopicYN="N">Human papillomavirus 16</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D047468" MajorTopicYN="N">Immunoprecipitation</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015603" MajorTopicYN="N">Keratinocytes</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000166" MajorTopicYN="N">cytology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D046228" MajorTopicYN="N">Microarray Analysis</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009856" MajorTopicYN="N">Oncogene Proteins, Viral</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012326" MajorTopicYN="N">RNA Splicing</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012333" MajorTopicYN="N">RNA, Messenger</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012367" MajorTopicYN="N">RNA, Viral</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D060888" MajorTopicYN="N">Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020133" MajorTopicYN="N">Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014407" MajorTopicYN="N">Tumor Cells, Cultured</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002583" MajorTopicYN="N">Uterine Cervical Neoplasms</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">DNA viruses</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">HPV</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">RNA processing</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">RNA splicing</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">RNA-binding protein</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">tumor virus</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>12</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>17</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/27068317/Comparison-of-the-performance-of-intraoral-X-ray-sensors-using-objective-image-quality-assessment">Comparison of the performance of intraoral X-ray sensors using objective image quality assessment.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Kristina+Hellen-Halme" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Kristina Hellén-Halme</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Curt+Johansson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Curt Johansson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Mats+Nilsson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Mats Nilsson</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> May 2016</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10"><em>Objectives</em>: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of 10 individual sensors of the same make, using objective measures of key image quality parameters. A further aim was to compare 8 brands of sensors.<BR><BR><em>Study Design</em>: Ten new sensors of 8 different models from 6 manufacturers (i.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/27068317/Comparison-of-the-performance-of-intraoral-X-ray-sensors-using-objective-image-quality-assessment" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/27015400/Access-to-the-brain-parenchyma-using-endovascular-techniques-and-a-micro-working-channel">Access to the brain parenchyma using endovascular techniques and a micro-working channel.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Johan+Lundberg" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Johan Lundberg</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Carina+B+Johansson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Carina B Johansson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Stefan+Jonsson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Stefan Jonsson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Staffan+Holmin" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Staffan Holmin</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> J Neurosurg</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> February 2017</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">OBJECTIVE Several older studies report a low risk for parenchymal access to the CNS by surgical techniques. In more recent studies, including those with post-puncture CT scans, there are indications that the risk of bleeding might approach 8%. New therapies, such as those that use viral vectors, modified mRNA, or cell transplantation, will probably warrant more parenchymal access to the CNS.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/27015400/Access-to-the-brain-parenchyma-using-endovascular-techniques-and-a-micro-working-channel" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26984258/Changing-Arctic-snow-cover-A-review-of-recent-developments-and-assessment-of-future-needs-for-observ">Changing Arctic snow cover: A review of recent developments and assessment of future needs for observations, modelling, and impacts.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Stef+Bokhorst" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Stef Bokhorst</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Stine+Hoejlund+Pedersen" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Stine Højlund Pedersen</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Ludovic+Brucker" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Ludovic Brucker</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Oleg+Anisimov" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Oleg Anisimov</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Jarle+W+Bjerke" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Jarle W Bjerke</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> Ambio</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> September 2016</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">Snow is a critically important and rapidly changing feature of the Arctic. However, snow-cover and snowpack conditions change through time pose challenges for measuring and prediction of snow. Plausible scenarios of how Arctic snow cover will respond to changing Arctic climate are important for impact assessments and adaptation strategies.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26984258/Changing-Arctic-snow-cover-A-review-of-recent-developments-and-assessment-of-future-needs-for-observ" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26927139/The-Use-of-Carbonaceous-Particle-Exposure-Metrics-in-Health-Impact-Calculations">The Use of Carbonaceous Particle Exposure Metrics in Health Impact Calculations.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Henrik+Olstrup" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Henrik Olstrup</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Christer+Johansson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Christer Johansson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Bertil+Forsberg" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Bertil Forsberg</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> Int J Environ Res Public Health</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> February 2016</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">Combustion-related carbonaceous particles seem to be a better indicator of adverse health effects compared to PM2.5 and PM10. Historical studies are based on black smoke (BS), but more recent studies use absorbance (Abs), black carbon (BC) or elemental carbon (EC) as exposure indicators.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26927139/The-Use-of-Carbonaceous-Particle-Exposure-Metrics-in-Health-Impact-Calculations" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26906006/14th-congress-of-combustion-by-products-and-their-health-effects-origin-fate-and-health-effects-of-c">14th congress of combustion by-products and their health effects-origin, fate, and health effects of combustion-related air pollutants in the coming era of bio-based energy sources.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Eva+Weidemann" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Eva Weidemann</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Patrik+L+Andersson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Patrik L Andersson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Terry+Bidleman" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Terry Bidleman</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Christoffer+Boman" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Christoffer Boman</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Danielle+J+Carlin" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Danielle J Carlin</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> Environ Sci Pollut Res Int</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> April 2016</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">The 14th International Congress on Combustion By-Products and Their Health Effects was held in Umeå, Sweden from June 14th to 17th, 2015. The Congress, mainly sponsored by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Superfund Research Program and the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning, focused on the "Origin, fate and health effects of combustion-related air pollutants in the coming era of bio-based energy sources". The international delegates included academic and government researchers, engineers, scientists, policymakers and representatives of industrial partners.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26906006/14th-congress-of-combustion-by-products-and-their-health-effects-origin-fate-and-health-effects-of-c" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26900652/The-2015-Pregnancy-Summit-London-UK">The 2015 Pregnancy Summit, London, UK.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Cherynne+Johansson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Cherynne Johansson</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> Womens Health (Lond)</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> December 2016</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">Pregnancy Summit, Cineworld, The O2, London, UK, 29 September to 1 October 2015 The 2015 Pregnancy Summit was held over 3 days from 29 September to 1 October at Cineworld, The O2, London, UK. The event brings together a multidisciplinary faculty of international researchers and clinicians to discuss both scientific and clinical aspects of pregnancy-related issues in an informal setting. The goal of the meeting was to provide delegates with an update of recent advances in management of pregnancy-related conditions, to present research data and to discuss the current attitudes and practices in relevant topics.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26900652/The-2015-Pregnancy-Summit-London-UK" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26845235/Fragment-Screening-of-Soluble-Epoxide-Hydrolase-for-Lead-Generation-Structure-Based-Hit-Evaluation-a">Fragment Screening of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase for Lead Generation-Structure-Based Hit Evaluation and Chemistry Exploration.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Yafeng+Xue" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Yafeng Xue</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Thomas+Olsson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Thomas Olsson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Carina+A+Johansson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Carina A Johansson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Linda+OEster" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Linda Öster</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Hans-Georg+Beisel" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Hans-Georg Beisel</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> ChemMedChem</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> March 2016</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is involved in the regulation of many biological processes by metabolizing the key bioactive lipid mediator, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. For the development of sEH inhibitors with improved physicochemical properties, we performed both a fragment screening and a high-throughput screening aiming at an integrated hit evaluation and lead generation. Followed by a joint dose-response analysis to confirm the hits, the identified actives were then effectively triaged by a structure-based hit-classification approach to three prioritized series.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26845235/Fragment-Screening-of-Soluble-Epoxide-Hydrolase-for-Lead-Generation-Structure-Based-Hit-Evaluation-a" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26839151/Proteomic-characterization-of-macro-micro-and-nano-extracellular-vesicles-derived-from-the-same-firs">Proteomic characterization of macro-, micro- and nano-extracellular vesicles derived from the same first trimester placenta: relevance for feto-maternal communication.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Mancy+Tong" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Mancy Tong</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Torsten+Kleffmann" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Torsten Kleffmann</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Shantanu+Pradhan" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Shantanu Pradhan</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Caroline+L+Johansson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Caroline L Johansson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Joana+DeSousa" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Joana DeSousa</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> Hum Reprod</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> April 2016</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10"><em>Study Question</em>: What proteins are carried by extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from normal first trimester placentae?<BR><BR><em>Summary Answer</em>: One thousand five hundred and eighty-five, 1656 and 1476 proteins were characterized in macro-, micro- and nano-vesicles, respectively, from first trimester placentae, with all EV fractions being enriched for proteins involved in vesicle transport and inflammation.<BR><BR><em>What Is Known Already</em>: Placental EVs are being increasingly recognized as important mediators of both healthy and pathological pregnancies. However, current research has focused on detecting changes in specific proteins in particular fractions of vesicles during disease.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26839151/Proteomic-characterization-of-macro-micro-and-nano-extracellular-vesicles-derived-from-the-same-firs" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26831833/Serotonergic-Markers-in-Atopic-Dermatitis">Serotonergic Markers in Atopic Dermatitis.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Aram+Rasul" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Aram Rasul</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Husameldin+El-Nour" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Husameldin El-Nour</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Sol-Britt+Lonne-Rahm" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Sol-Britt Lonne-Rahm</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Oscar+Fransson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Oscar Fransson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Charlotta+Johansson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Charlotta Johansson</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> Acta Derm Venereol</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> August 2016</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">Stress and anxiety may worsen atopic dermatitis (AD) through the serotonin system. Serotonergic expression was measured in 28 patients with AD in relation to extent of the disease (SCORing of Atopic Dermatitis; SCORAD), pruritus intensity (visual analogue scale; VAS), anxiety traits (Swedish Universities Scales of Personality; SSP) and depression (Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale-Self assessment; MADRS-S). Biopsies were taken from lesional and non-lesional AD skin, and investigated for expression of serotonin, its receptors 5-HT1A and 5-HT2, and serotonin transporter protein (SERT), using immunohistochemistry.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26831833/Serotonergic-Markers-in-Atopic-Dermatitis" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26778247/Evidence-for-an-ice-shelf-covering-the-central-Arctic-Ocean-during-the-penultimate-glaciation">Evidence for an ice shelf covering the central Arctic Ocean during the penultimate glaciation.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Martin+Jakobsson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Martin Jakobsson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Johan+Nilsson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Johan Nilsson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Leif+Anderson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Leif Anderson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Jan+Backman" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Jan Backman</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Goeran+Bjoerk" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Göran Björk</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> Nat Commun</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> January 2016</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">The hypothesis of a km-thick ice shelf covering the entire Arctic Ocean during peak glacial conditions was proposed nearly half a century ago. Floating ice shelves preserve few direct traces after their disappearance, making reconstructions difficult. Seafloor imprints of ice shelves should, however, exist where ice grounded along their flow paths.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26778247/Evidence-for-an-ice-shelf-covering-the-central-Arctic-Ocean-during-the-penultimate-glaciation" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26762613/Echinometra-sea-urchins-acclimatized-to-elevated-pCO2-at-volcanic-vents-outperform-those-under-prese">Echinometra sea urchins acclimatized to elevated pCO2 at volcanic vents outperform those under present-day pCO2 conditions.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Sven+Uthicke" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Sven Uthicke</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Thomas+Ebert" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Thomas Ebert</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Michelle+Liddy" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Michelle Liddy</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Charlotte+Johansson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Charlotte Johansson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Katharina+E+Fabricius" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Katharina E Fabricius</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> Glob Chang Biol</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> July 2016</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">Rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations will significantly reduce ocean pH during the 21st century (ocean acidification, OA). This may hamper calcification in marine organisms such as corals and echinoderms, as shown in many laboratory-based experiments. Sea urchins are considered highly vulnerable to OA.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26762613/Echinometra-sea-urchins-acclimatized-to-elevated-pCO2-at-volcanic-vents-outperform-those-under-prese" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26741168/8-Substituted-Pyrido34-dpyrimidin-43H-one-Derivatives-As-Potent-Cell-Permeable-KDM4-JMJD2-and-KDM5-J">8-Substituted Pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one Derivatives As Potent, Cell Permeable, KDM4 (JMJD2) and KDM5 (JARID1) Histone Lysine Demethylase Inhibitors.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Vassilios+Bavetsias" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Vassilios Bavetsias</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Rachel+M+Lanigan" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Rachel M Lanigan</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Gian+Filippo+Ruda" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Gian Filippo Ruda</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Butrus+Atrash" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Butrus Atrash</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Mark+G+McLaughlin" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Mark G McLaughlin</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> J Med Chem</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> February 2016</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">We report the discovery of N-substituted 4-(pyridin-2-yl)thiazole-2-amine derivatives and their subsequent optimization, guided by structure-based design, to give 8-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones, a series of potent JmjC histone N-methyl lysine demethylase (KDM) inhibitors which bind to Fe(II) in the active site. Substitution from C4 of the pyrazole moiety allows access to the histone peptide substrate binding site; incorporation of a conformationally constrained 4-phenylpiperidine linker gives derivatives such as 54j and 54k which demonstrate equipotent activity versus the KDM4 (JMJD2) and KDM5 (JARID1) subfamily demethylases, selectivity over representative exemplars of the KDM2, KDM3, and KDM6 subfamilies, cellular permeability in the Caco-2 assay, and, for 54k, inhibition of H3K9Me3 and H3K4Me3 demethylation in a cell-based assay.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26741168/8-Substituted-Pyrido34-dpyrimidin-43H-one-Derivatives-As-Potent-Cell-Permeable-KDM4-JMJD2-and-KDM5-J" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26688048/T-cell-responses-are-elicited-against-Respiratory-Syncytial-Virus-in-the-absence-of-signalling-throu">T cell responses are elicited against Respiratory Syncytial Virus in the absence of signalling through TLRs, RLRs and IL-1R/IL-18R.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Michelle+Goritzka" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Michelle Goritzka</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Catherine+Pereira" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Catherine Pereira</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Spyridon+Makris" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Spyridon Makris</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Lydia+R+Durant" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Lydia R Durant</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Cecilia+Johansson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Cecilia Johansson</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> Sci Rep</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> December 2015</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and cytokine receptors are key players in the initiation of immune responses to infection. PRRs detecting viral RNA, such as toll like receptor (TLR)-3, -7/8, and RIG-I like receptors (RLRs; RIG-I and MDA-5), as well as cytokine receptors such as interleukin 1 receptor (IL-1R), have been implicated in responses to RNA viruses that infect the airways. The latter includes respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a human pathogen that can cause severe lower respiratory tract infections, especially in infants.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26688048/T-cell-responses-are-elicited-against-Respiratory-Syncytial-Virus-in-the-absence-of-signalling-throu" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26413805/Simultaneous-biosorption-of-selenium-arsenic-and-molybdenum-with-modified-algal-based-biochars">Simultaneous biosorption of selenium, arsenic and molybdenum with modified algal-based biochars.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Charlotte+L+Johansson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Charlotte L Johansson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Nicholas+A+Paul" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Nicholas A Paul</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Rocky+de+Nys" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Rocky de Nys</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/David+A+Roberts" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">David A Roberts</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> J Environ Manage</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> January 2016</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">Ash disposal waters from coal-fired power stations present a challenging water treatment scenario as they contain high concentrations of the oxyanions Se, As and Mo which are difficult to remove through conventional techniques. In an innovative process, macroalgae can be treated with Fe and processed through slow pyrolysis into Fe-biochar which has a high affinity for oxyanions. However, the effect of production conditions on the efficacy of Fe-biochar is poorly understood.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26413805/Simultaneous-biosorption-of-selenium-arsenic-and-molybdenum-with-modified-algal-based-biochars" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26363250/The-long-term-outcome-of-lumbar-fusion-in-the-Swedish-lumbar-spine-study">The long-term outcome of lumbar fusion in the Swedish lumbar spine study.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Rune+Hedlund" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Rune Hedlund</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Christer+Johansson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Christer Johansson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Olle+Haegg" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Olle Hägg</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Peter+Fritzell" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Peter Fritzell</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Tycho+Tullberg" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Tycho Tullberg</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> Spine J</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> May 2016</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10"><em>Background Context</em>: Current literature suggests that in the long-term, fusion of the lumbar spine in chronic low back pain (CLBP) does not result in an outcome clearly better than structured conservative treatment modes.<BR><BR><em>Purpose</em>: This study aimed to assess the long-term outcome of lumbar fusion in CLBP, and also to assess methodological problems in long-term randomized controlled trials (RCTs).<BR><BR><em>Study Design</em>: A prospective randomized study was carried out.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26363250/The-long-term-outcome-of-lumbar-fusion-in-the-Swedish-lumbar-spine-study" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26343639/Classification-of-Magnetic-Nanoparticle-Systems-Synthesis-Standardization-and-Analysis-Methods-in-th">Classification of Magnetic Nanoparticle Systems--Synthesis, Standardization and Analysis Methods in the NanoMag Project.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Sara+Bogren" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Sara Bogren</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Andrea+Fornara" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Andrea Fornara</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Frank+Ludwig" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Frank Ludwig</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Maria+Del+Puerto+Morales" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Maria Del Puerto Morales</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Uwe+Steinhoff" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Uwe Steinhoff</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> Int J Mol Sci</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> August 2015</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">This study presents classification of different magnetic single- and multi-core particle systems using their measured dynamic magnetic properties together with their nanocrystal and particle sizes. The dynamic magnetic properties are measured with AC (dynamical) susceptometry and magnetorelaxometry and the size parameters are determined from electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. Using these methods, we also show that the nanocrystal size and particle morphology determines the dynamic magnetic properties for both single- and multi-core particles.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26343639/Classification-of-Magnetic-Nanoparticle-Systems-Synthesis-Standardization-and-Analysis-Methods-in-th" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26307966/PolymerIron-Oxide-Nanoparticle-Composites-A-Straight-Forward-and-Scalable-Synthesis-Approach">Polymer/Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Composites--A Straight Forward and Scalable Synthesis Approach.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Jens+Sommertune" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Jens Sommertune</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Abhilash+Sugunan" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Abhilash Sugunan</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Anwar+Ahniyaz" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Anwar Ahniyaz</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Rebecca+Stjernberg+Bejhed" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Rebecca Stjernberg Bejhed</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Anna+Sarwe" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Anna Sarwe</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> Int J Mol Sci</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> August 2015</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">Magnetic nanoparticle systems can be divided into single-core nanoparticles (with only one magnetic core per particle) and magnetic multi-core nanoparticles (with several magnetic cores per particle). Here, we report multi-core nanoparticle synthesis based on a controlled precipitation process within a well-defined oil in water emulsion to trap the superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) in a range of polymer matrices of choice, such as poly(styrene), poly(lactid acid), poly(methyl methacrylate), and poly(caprolactone). Multi-core particles were obtained within the Z-average size range of 130 to 340 nm.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26307966/PolymerIron-Oxide-Nanoparticle-Composites-A-Straight-Forward-and-Scalable-Synthesis-Approach" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26236482/The-discovery-of-a-selective-and-potent-A2a-agonist-with-extended-lung-retention">The discovery of a selective and potent A2a agonist with extended lung retention.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Annika+B+M+Astrand" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Annika B M Åstrand</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Eva+Lamm+Bergstroem" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Eva Lamm Bergström</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Hui+Zhang" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Hui Zhang</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Lena+Boerjesson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Lena Börjesson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Therese+Soederdahl" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Therese Söderdahl</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> Pharmacol Res Perspect</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> June 2015</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">Although the anti-inflammatory role of the A2a receptor is well established, controversy remains with regard to the therapeutic value for A2a agonists in treatment of inflammatory lung diseases, also as a result of unwanted A2a-mediated cardiovascular effects. In this paper, we describe the discovery and characterization of a new, potent and selective A2a agonist (compound 2) with prolonged lung retention and limited systemic exposure following local administration. To support the lead optimization chemistry program with compound selection and profiling, multiple in vitro and in vivo assays were used, characterizing compound properties, pharmacodynamics (PD), and drug concentrations.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26236482/The-discovery-of-a-selective-and-potent-A2a-agonist-with-extended-lung-retention" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26225282/A-Randomized-Controlled-Trial-Comparing-Transforaminal-Lumbar-Interbody-Fusion-and-Uninstrumented-Po">A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion and Uninstrumented Posterolateral Fusion in the Degenerative Lumbar Spine.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Kourosh+Jalalpour" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Kourosh Jalalpour</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Pavel+Neumann" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Pavel Neumann</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Christer+Johansson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Christer Johansson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Rune+Hedlund" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Rune Hedlund</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> Global Spine J</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> August 2015</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">Study Design Randomized controlled trial. Objective Despite a large number of publications of outcomes after spinal fusion surgery, there is still no consensus on the efficacy of the several different fusion methods. The aim of this study was to determine whether transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) results in an improved clinical outcome compared with uninstrumented posterolateral fusion (PLF) in the surgical treatment for chronic low back pain.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26225282/A-Randomized-Controlled-Trial-Comparing-Transforaminal-Lumbar-Interbody-Fusion-and-Uninstrumented-Po" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26207625/Cell-Fusion-along-the-Anterior-Posterior-Neuroaxis-in-Mice-with-Experimental-Autoimmune-Encephalomye">Cell Fusion along the Anterior-Posterior Neuroaxis in Mice with Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Sreenivasa+R+Sankavaram" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Sreenivasa R Sankavaram</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Mikael+A+Svensson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Mikael A Svensson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Tomas+Olsson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Tomas Olsson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Lou+Brundin" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Lou Brundin</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Clas+B+Johansson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Clas B Johansson</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> PLoS One</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> May 2016</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10"><em>Background</em>: It is well documented that bone marrow-derived cells can fuse with a diverse range of cells, including brain cells, under normal or pathological conditions. Inflammation leads to robust fusion of bone marrow-derived cells with Purkinje cells and the formation of binucleate heterokaryons in the cerebellum. Heterokaryons form through the fusion of two developmentally differential cells and as a result contain two distinct nuclei without subsequent nuclear or chromosome loss.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/26207625/Cell-Fusion-along-the-Anterior-Posterior-Neuroaxis-in-Mice-with-Experimental-Autoimmune-Encephalomye" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/25921080/Potential-health-impacts-of-changes-in-air-pollution-exposure-associated-with-moving-traffic-into-a-">Potential health impacts of changes in air pollution exposure associated with moving traffic into a road tunnel.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Hans+Orru" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Hans Orru</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Boel+Loevenheim" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Boel Lövenheim</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Christer+Johansson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Christer Johansson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Bertil+Forsberg" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Bertil Forsberg</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> June 2016</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">A planned 21 km bypass (18 km within a tunnel) in Stockholm is expected to reduce ambient air exposure to traffic emissions, but same time tunnel users could be exposed to high concentrations of pollutants. For the health impacts calculations in 2030, the change in annual ambient NOX and PM10 exposure of the general population was modelled in 100 × 100 m(2) grids for Greater Stockholm area. The tunnel exposure was estimated based on calculated annual average NOX concentrations, time spent in tunnel and number of tunnel users.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/25921080/Potential-health-impacts-of-changes-in-air-pollution-exposure-associated-with-moving-traffic-into-a-" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/25904164/Long-term-effects-of-the-antibacterial-agent-triclosan-on-marine-periphyton-communities">Long-term effects of the antibacterial agent triclosan on marine periphyton communities.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/K+Martin+Eriksson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">K Martin Eriksson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/C+Henrik+Johansson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">C Henrik Johansson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Viktor+Fihlman" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Viktor Fihlman</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Alexander+Grehn" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Alexander Grehn</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Kemal+Sanli" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Kemal Sanli</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> Environ Toxicol Chem</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> September 2015</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">Triclosan is a widely used antibacterial agent that has become a ubiquitous contaminant in freshwater, estuary, and marine environments. Concerns about potential adverse effects of triclosan have been described in several recent risk assessments. Its effects on freshwater microbial communities have been well studied, but studies addressing effects on marine microbial communities are scarce.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/25904164/Long-term-effects-of-the-antibacterial-agent-triclosan-on-marine-periphyton-communities" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/25900886/Acetylation-of-intragenic-histones-on-HPV16-correlates-with-enhanced-HPV16-gene-expression">Acetylation of intragenic histones on HPV16 correlates with enhanced HPV16 gene expression.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Cecilia+Johansson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Cecilia Johansson</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Tavan+Jamal+Fattah" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Tavan Jamal Fattah</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Haoran+Yu" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Haoran Yu</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Jakob+Nygren" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Jakob Nygren</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Ann-Kristin+Mossberg" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Ann-Kristin Mossberg</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> Virology</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> August 2015</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">We report that many histone modifications are unevenly distributed over the HPV16 genome in cervical cancer cells as well as in HPV16-immortalized keratinocytes. For example, H3K36me3 and H3K9Ac that are common in highly expressed cellular genes and over exons, were more common in the early than in the late region of the HPV16 genome. In contrast, H3K9me3, H4K20me3, H2BK5me1 and H4K16Ac were more frequent in the HPV16 late region.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/25900886/Acetylation-of-intragenic-histones-on-HPV16-correlates-with-enhanced-HPV16-gene-expression" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/25897172/Alveolar-macrophage-derived-type-I-interferons-orchestrate-innate-immunity-to-RSV-through-recruitmen">Alveolar macrophage-derived type I interferons orchestrate innate immunity to RSV through recruitment of antiviral monocytes.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Michelle+Goritzka" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Michelle Goritzka</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Spyridon+Makris" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Spyridon Makris</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Fahima+Kausar" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Fahima Kausar</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Lydia+R+Durant" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Lydia R Durant</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Catherine+Pereira" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Catherine Pereira</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> J Exp Med</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> May 2015</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">Type I interferons (IFNs) are important for host defense from viral infections, acting to restrict viral production in infected cells and to promote antiviral immune responses. However, the type I IFN system has also been associated with severe lung inflammatory disease in response to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Which cells produce type I IFNs upon RSV infection and how this directs immune responses to the virus, and potentially results in pathological inflammation, is unclear.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/25897172/Alveolar-macrophage-derived-type-I-interferons-orchestrate-innate-immunity-to-RSV-through-recruitmen" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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					 <h5 class="title mb-3"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/25878250/Heterogeneous-Nuclear-Ribonucleoprotein-C-Proteins-Interact-with-the-Human-Papillomavirus-Type-16-HP">Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein C Proteins Interact with the Human Papillomavirus Type 16 (HPV16) Early 3'-Untranslated Region and Alleviate Suppression of HPV16 Late L1 mRNA Splicing.</a></h5><div class="publication-auther"><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Soniya+Dhanjal" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Soniya Dhanjal</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Naoko+Kajitani" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Naoko Kajitani</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Jacob+Glahder" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Jacob Glahder</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Ann-Kristin+Mossberg" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Ann-Kristin Mossberg</a> <a href="https://www.litmetric.com/author/Cecilia+Johansson" class="tag" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">Cecilia Johansson</a></div><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1"></i> J Biol Chem</p><p class="mb-0 fz14 list-inline-item mb5-sm pe-1"><i class="flaticon-calendar fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1 bdrl1 pl15 pl0-xs bdrn-xs"></i> May 2015</p></div>
								 </div><p class="text mt10">In order to identify cellular factors that regulate human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) gene expression, cervical cancer cells permissive for HPV16 late gene expression were identified and characterized. These cells either contained a novel spliced variant of the L1 mRNAs that bypassed the suppressed HPV16 late, 5'-splice site SD3632; produced elevated levels of RNA-binding proteins SRSF1 (ASF/SF2), SRSF9 (SRp30c), and HuR that are known to regulate HPV16 late gene expression; or were shown by a gene expression array analysis to overexpress the RALYL RNA-binding protein of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C (hnRNP C) family. Overexpression of RALYL or hnRNP C1 induced HPV16 late gene expression from HPV16 subgenomic plasmids and from episomal forms of the full-length HPV16 genome.</p><a href="https://www.litmetric.com/detail/25878250/Heterogeneous-Nuclear-Ribonucleoprotein-C-Proteins-Interact-with-the-Human-Papillomavirus-Type-16-HP" class="ud-btn btn-thm mb25 me-4 "><i class="flaticon-contract fz16 vam text-thm2 me-1" style="color:white"></i> View Article and Find Full Text PDF <i class="fal fa-arrow-right-long"></i></a><div class="skill-tags d-flex align-items-center justify-content-start mb20-md"></div></div>
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