Society's forgotten victims.

This is a story of society's pariahs, a story of the homeless and the mentally ill, of single mothers and aimless youth. This is a story of such people as Glenn Smith and Sister Marie Bonin and a lot of the folks in Glace Bay, N.S.

Pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin and its metabolite doxorubicinol in rabbits with induced acid and alkaline urine.

The pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin in rabbits preloaded either with ammonium chloride or sodium hydrogencarbonate have been investigated following single IV administration of 5 mg/kg. Plasma samples and urine collections were obtained over 3 h following administration, and were assayed in duplicate for doxorubicin and its main metabolite doxorubicinol by reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. The plasma concentration of doxorubicin was fitted to an open two-compartment model.

Carcinoembryonic antigen like antigen in granular cell myoblastomas. An immunohistochemical study.

A series of granular cell myoblastomas (GCM) and other benign and malignant tumours of soft tissue were examined for cytoplasmic content of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) by the two-layer conjugated immunoperoxidase technique. Using a commercial rabbit anti-CEA serum only granular cell myoblastomas showed positive cytoplasmic reaction. Pretreatment with periodic acid made this reaction less intense, but when the commercial rabbit anti-CEA serum was absorbed with tissue powder from normal human spleen the positive reaction was totally abolished.

Molecular association between doxorubicin (adriamycin) and DNA-derived bases, nucleosides, nucleotides, other aromatic compounds, and proteins in aqueous solution.

Doxorubicin (adriamycin) forms molecular associations with other aromatic and planar molecules (hetero-association) and with other doxorubicin molecules (self-association) in aqueous solution. The ability of doxorubicin to form complexes was demonstrated in a nonbiological system by measuring the doxorubicin partition coefficient. A decreased apparent doxorubicin activity coefficient in the presence of complex formation was also demonstrated in a biological system by measuring the transmembranous doxorubicin transport and the doxorubicin distribution at equilibrium in human red blood cells and their suspending medium.

An evaluation of interpretative criteria for liver scintigraphy in a population with suspected or proven colo-rectal cancer. A prospective, consecutive study.

Radioisotope liver scintigraphy is a method commonly used to reveal metastases. In clinical trials the method is found at least as good as biochemical tests, ultrasonography or computed tomography. However, despite technical progress, the clinical value of the test seems not to have improved.

Cytochemistry of imprints from breast biopsies.

In order to investigate the cytoplasmic features of cells from benign and malignant breast lesions, a series of cytochemical reactions was applied to 117 sets of imprints made from breast biopsies. Alkaline phosphatase was present in all benign lesions except one but absent in 56% of the carcinomas. Lipids detected by the oil red O method were significantly more common in carcinomas but also present in a substantial number of benign lesions, making this difference of minor importance in diagnostic cytology.

The value of liver scintigraphy in the management of patients with suspected gastric cancer. A prospective, consecutive study.

Patients with gastric cancer and liver metastases are believed not to benefit from gastric resection. In 43 patients with strong suspicion of--or proven--gastric cancer, fit for elective, radical surgery, preoperative liver scintigraphy was performed, in an attempt to select patients with liver metastases before laparotomy. Liver scintigraphy identified 6 out of 7 patients with metastases.

Doxorubicin pharmacokinetics after intravenous and intraperitoneal administration in the nude mouse.

The pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin in nude mice have been investigated following intravenous and intraperitoneal administration of single doses of 12 mg/kg. The areas under the concentration curves of doxorubicin in kidney, heart, and striated muscle following intraperitoneal administration were approximately half the areas following intravenous injection, whereas plasma and liver showed nearly identical concentrations after a distribution phase of 2 h. Only minor differences in pharmacokinetics were found between nude and normal mice.

Enzymecytochemistry and immunohistochemistry in monoclonal gammopathy and reactive plasmacytosis.

Peripheral blood smears and bone-marrow smears from 29 patients with malignant M-components (25 with multiple myeloma and 4 with malignant lymphoma), 13 patients with benign monoclonal gammopathy (BMG), and 20 patients with polyclonal reactive plasmacytosis were examined by leucocyte alkaline phosphatase score (LAP-score) and by acid phosphatase score in plasma cells from bone-marrow smears. Furthermore, tissue sections from marrow biopsies from all patients were examined by the three-layer unlabelled immunoperoxidase technique to detect cytoplasmic immunoglobulin. The LAP-score was significantly higher in patients with malignant M-components than in patients with BMG and also higher in IgA and IgG myeloma than in IgA and IgG BMG, but the latter difference was not significant.

Immunohistochemical demonstration of intracellular immunoglobulin in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded sections, as staining method in diagnostic work.

52 specimens from 34 patients with multiple myeloma and 3 cases with reactive plasmacytosis were stained by the 2-step labelled or 3-step unlabelled immunoperoxidase (IP) technique for demonstration of intracellular immunoglobulin in order to test the utility of these methods as staining methods in routine diagnostic work. The specificity of the methods was high as agreement between IP staining and serumanalysis for M-component was achieved in 27 out of 28 cases, where complete serumanalysis were available. Interpersonal variation in interpretation of the staining results was low.

Evaluation of smears obtained by cervical scraping and an endocervical swab in the diagnosis of neoplastic disease of the uterine cervix.

A study of the supplementary value of an endocervical swab smear in addition to cervical scraping in the cytological diagnosis of cervical neoplasias is presented. The two sampling techniques were applied to a population with a high prevalence of neoplastic cervical disease. The endocervical swab smear was a useful adjunct in the detection of mild and moderate dysplasia, and a combination of the two sampling methods decreased the false negative rate in the diagnosis of intraepithelial, as well as invasive neoplasia.

[Denture cleaning with an enzyme-containing laundry detergent].

An enzyme containing laundry detergent (Rex) was tested as a denture cleanser. It was found more satisfactory than the denture cleansers available on the Norwegian market.

Scan-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy in malignant hepatic disease.

The method of scan-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy of the liver is described, and the diagnostic value of this combined method in the diagnosis of malignant hepatic disease is evaluated in 83 confirmed cases, showing a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 94%. The combined method is compared to liver scanning alone and to Menghini biopsy. Different methods for the diagnosis of malignant hepatic disease are discussed, and it is concluded that scan-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy has a diagnostic value only obtainable otherwise by a combination of liver scanning and biopsy during laparoscopy.

Storage of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in tissues following long-term treatment with a PVP-containing vasopressin preparation.

The parenteral use of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) leads to PVP retention in the human organism. Four case histories dealing with patients on long-term treatment with a PVP-containing vasopressin preparation are presented and the possibility of a harmful effect of the PVP storage is discussed. The presence of PVP in serum, demonstrated by lipoprotein electrophoresis, is described.

The oxygen consumption of some tissues from hypophysectomized goldfish, Carassius auratus L.

Hypophysectomy has no effect on the O2 consumptios reduction in liver O2 consumption is attributed to the increased glycogen content that follows hypophysectomy which has the effect of increasing the nonmetabolizing dry weight component of the cells.