Corrigendum: Preoperative Anxiolysis and Treatment Expectation (PATE Trial): open-label placebo treatment to reduce preoperative anxiety in female patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery - study protocol for a bicentric, prospective, randomized-controlled trial.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.

Preoperative Anxiolysis and Treatment Expectation (PATE Trial): open-label placebo treatment to reduce preoperative anxiety in female patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery - study protocol for a bicentric, prospective, randomized-controlled trial.

One of the most common concerns of patients undergoing surgery is preoperative anxiety, with a prevalence of up to 48%. The effects of preoperative anxiety continue beyond the preoperative period and are associated with more severe postoperative pain and poorer treatment outcomes. Treatment options for preoperative anxiety are often limited as sedatives cause side effects and their efficacy remains controversial.

Correction to: Proteomic characterization of adrenal gland embryonic development reveals early initiation of steroid metabolism and reduction of the retinoic acid pathway.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s12953-015-0063-8.].

Proteomic characterization of adrenal gland embryonic development reveals early initiation of steroid metabolism and reduction of the retinoic acid pathway.

Background: Adrenal glands are essential endocrine organs composed of two embryological distinct tissues. Morphological changes during their development are well described, but less understood with regard to their molecular mechanisms. To identify proteins and pathways, which drive the initial steps of the specification of the endocrine function of the adrenal gland, rat's adrenal glands were isolated at different embryonic days (E): E14, E16, E18, E19 and postnatal day 1 (P1).

Correlated optical and isotopic nanoscopy.

The isotopic composition of different materials can be imaged by secondary ion mass spectrometry. In biology, this method is mainly used to study cellular metabolism and turnover, by pulsing the cells with marker molecules such as amino acids labelled with stable isotopes ((15)N, (13)C). The incorporation of the markers is then imaged with a lateral resolution that can surpass 100 nm.

Photosensitizing effects of hypericin on head neck squamous cell carcinoma in vitro.

Clinical outcome of patients suffering from head neck squamous cell carcinomas is still poor due to recurrent disease and surgical limitations. There is still a demand for multimodality approaches and new therapeutic options. Hypericin is a promising phototoxic drug which was investigated for its effects on head neck squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro.

NF-κB inhibitor targeted to activated endothelium demonstrates a critical role of endothelial NF-κB in immune-mediated diseases.

Activation of the nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) regulates the expression of inflammatory genes crucially involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. NF-κB governs the expression of adhesion molecules that play a pivotal role in leukocyte-endothelium interactions. We uncovered the crucial role of NF-κB activation within endothelial cells in models of immune-mediated diseases using a "sneaking ligand construct" (SLC) selectively inhibiting NF-κB in the activated endothelium.

Release of matrix metalloproteinase-8 during physiological trafficking and induced mobilization of human hematopoietic stem cells.

Previous studies indicate that the release of proteases, including the gelatinase matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, from mature granulocytes plays a crucial role in cytokine-induced hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilization. However, studies with MMP-9-deficient mice revealed that HSPC mobilization was normal in these animals, suggesting that additional proteases must be active at clinically relevant cytokine concentrations. In the present study, we provide evidence that the collagenase MMP-8 is involved in stem cell mobilization.

Toll-like receptor activation reveals developmental reorganization and unmasks responder subsets of microglia.

The sentinel and immune functions of microglia require rapid and appropriate reactions to infection and damage. Their Toll-like receptors (TLRs) sense both as threats. However, whether activated microglia mount uniform responses or whether subsets conduct selective tasks is unknown.

Impairment and Differential Expression of PR3 and MPO on Peripheral Myelomonocytic Cells with Endothelial Properties in Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis.

Background. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) are autoimmune-mediated diseases characterized by vasculitic inflammation of respiratory tract and kidneys. Clinical observations indicated a strong association between disease activity and serum levels of certain types of autoantibodies (antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies with cytoplasmic [cANCA in GPA] or perinuclear [pAN CA in MPA] immunofluorescence).

Osteoprotective effects of Cimicifuga racemosa and its triterpene-saponins are responsible for reduction of bone marrow fat.

Purpose: Elderly people often develop visceral obesity accompanied by osteoporosis. Visceral adipocytes secrete a number of adipokines and cytokines which augment the development of arteriosclerosis and type 2 diabetes. Bone marrow fat cells also secrete these pro-inflammatory cytokines which stimulate osteoclast and inhibit osteoblast activity.

Cimicifuga racemosa and its triterpene-saponins prevent the Metabolic Syndrome and deterioration of cartilage in the knee joint of ovariectomized rats by similar mechanisms.

Purpose: An unphysiologic accumulation of fat cells in many parts of the body including abdomen and joints results in increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines which have adverse effects on serum lipids, glucose and on joint cartilage. The special extract of Cimicifuga racemosa CR BNO 1055 was shown to reduce the size of the abdominal fat depot. It was therefore tempting to test whether this extract, its saponin and its unpolar and polar fractions S- and R-fraction respectively (no quotation) also reduce fat depots and fat cell accumulation in a fat depot located in the lower hind leg (called paratibial fat depot = PFD), in joint fat pads (in the knee joint this is called Hoffa's fat pad) that occur in response to ovariectomy and whether this was accompanied by reduced serum lipids, glucose and improved cartilage features in the knee joint.

Light-emitting diodes in modern microscopy--from David to Goliath?

Proper illumination is essential for light microscopy. Whereas in early years incandescent light was the only illumination, today, more and more specialized light sources, such as lasers or arc lamps are used. Because of the high efficiency and brightness that light-emitting diodes (LED) have reached today, they have become a serious alternative for almost all kinds of illumination in light microscopy.

A TNF-regulated recombinatorial macrophage immune receptor implicated in granuloma formation in tuberculosis.

Macrophages play a central role in host defense against mycobacterial infection and anti- TNF therapy is associated with granuloma disorganization and reactivation of tuberculosis in humans. Here, we provide evidence for the presence of a T cell receptor (TCR) αβ based recombinatorial immune receptor in subpopulations of human and mouse monocytes and macrophages. In vitro, we find that the macrophage-TCRαβ induces the release of CCL2 and modulates phagocytosis.

Telethonin deficiency is associated with maladaptation to biomechanical stress in the mammalian heart.

Rationale: Telethonin (also known as titin-cap or t-cap) is a 19-kDa Z-disk protein with a unique β-sheet structure, hypothesized to assemble in a palindromic way with the N-terminal portion of titin and to constitute a signalosome participating in the process of cardiomechanosensing. In addition, a variety of telethonin mutations are associated with the development of several different diseases; however, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms and telethonin's in vivo function.

Objective: Here we aim to investigate the role of telethonin in vivo and to identify molecular mechanisms underlying disease as a result of its mutation.

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in sepsis with acute renal dysfunction (ARD).

Introduction: Sepsis is characterized by systemic microvascular dysfunction. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are critically involved in maintaining vascular homeostasis under both physiological and pathological conditions. The aim of the present study was to analyze the endothelial progenitor cell system in patients suffering from sepsis with acute renal dysfunction.

Orthotopic fluorescent peritoneal carcinomatosis model of esophageal cancer.

Aim: Orthotopic models utilizing orthotopic implantation have been used for developing cancer models of multiple tumor entities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of orthotopic injection in establishing a model of esophageal cancer using a human green fluorescent protein (GFP) cell line of human esophageal carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: Nude mice were orthotopically injected in the abdominal esophagus with stably transfected GFP-PT1590 cells.

The effects of 20-hydroxyecdysone and 17β-estradiol on the skin of ovariectomized rats.

Objective: 20-hydroxyecdysone has numerous favorable effects on a variety of organs, including the skin, where it improves wound healing. It is devoid of estrogenic and androgenic effects. Therefore, application of 20-hydroxyecdysone might be a new approach to improve skin conditions in postmenopausal women, and this was investigated in ovariectomized (OVX) rats.

Advances in cellular, subcellular, and nanoscale imaging in vitro and in vivo.

This review focuses on technical advances in fluorescence microscopy techniques including laser scanning techniques, fluorescence-resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy, fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM), stimulated emission depletion (STED)-based super-resolution microscopy, scanning confocal endomicroscopes, thin-sheet laser imaging microscopy (TSLIM), and tomographic techniques such as early photon tomography (EPT) as well as on clinical laser-based endoscopic and microscopic techniques. We will also discuss the new developments in the field of fluorescent dyes and fluorescent genetic reporters that enable new possibilities in high-resolution and molecular imaging both in in vitro and in vivo. Small animal and tissue imaging benefit from the development of new fluorescent proteins, dyes, and sensing constructs that operate in the far red and near-infrared spectrum.

Expression and function of the C-class chemokine lymphotactin (XCL1) in Wegener's granulomatosis.

Objective: In Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), vasculitic lesions are characterized by prominent infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and T cells, but underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain to be defined. We analyzed the expression and functional role of the C-class chemokine lymphotactin, XCL1, in WG.

Methods: Sera and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from 16 patients with WG and healthy controls.

LDL lipid apheresis rapidly increases peripheral endothelial progenitor cell competence.

Background And Aim: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been shown to promote neovascularization under physiologic and pathologic conditions. Statins have been documented to increase the total number of circulating EPCs in long-term treated patients. Lipid apheresis is used to treat patient with refractory hyperlipidemia.

Photosensitizing and radiosensitizing effects of hypericin on human renal carcinoma cells in vitro.

The renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is extremely resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The prognosis of patients with metastatic RCC still remains poor, the median survival is less than 12 months. Therefore, new therapeutic options are desirable.

Neural cell adhesion molecule expression on renal interstitial cells.

Background: At early stages of kidney development, the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) is highly expressed on cells of the metanephrogenic mesenchyme. During maturation of the fetal kidney, NCAM gradually disappears. So far, it has been widely accepted that NCAM in the adult kidney is only expressed by nerves, and not by other cell types.