Publications by authors named "Johannes Rosskopf"

Article Synopsis
  • A study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of F-FDG PET/CT and DW-MRI in detecting residual or recurrent tumors in patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma after treatment.
  • Among 30 patients, F-FDG PET/CT accurately detected all but one tumor, achieving a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 90%, while DW-MRI identified 18 tumors with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 100%.
  • The findings suggest that while F-FDG PET/CT is slightly better for detection, using both imaging techniques together could enhance the evaluation of therapy responses.
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Background: Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based technique using labeled blood-water of the brain-feeding arteries as an endogenous tracer to derive information about brain perfusion. It enables the assessment of cerebral blood flow (CBF).

Method: This review aims to provide a methodological and technical overview of ASL techniques, and to give examples of clinical use cases for various diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS).

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in therapy-naïve intracranial glioma is paramount for neuro-oncological diagnostics, and it provides images that are helpful for surgery planning and intraoperative guidance during tumor resection, including assessment of the involvement of functionally eloquent brain structures. This study reviews emerging MRI techniques to depict structural information, diffusion characteristics, perfusion alterations, and metabolism changes for advanced neuro-oncological imaging. In addition, it reflects current methods to map brain function close to a tumor, including functional MRI and navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation with derived function-based tractography of subcortical white matter pathways.

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The imaging evaluation of computed tomography (CT), CT angiography (CTA), and CT perfusion (CTP) is of crucial importance in the setting of each emergency department for suspected cerebrovascular impairment. A fast and clear assignment of characteristic imaging findings of acute stroke and its differential diagnoses is essential for every radiologist. Different entities can mimic clinical signs of an acute stroke, thus the knowledge and fast identification of stroke mimics is important.

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Objective: To evaluate effectiveness and safety of computed tomography (CT)-guided cyst rupture with intraarticular contrast-enhanced injection of steroid and local anesthetic as first choice therapy in patients with facet joint cyst-induced radicular pain.

Design: Retrospective data set analysis.

Setting: University hospital.

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Background: With fast-growing evidence in literature for clinical applications of chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), this prospective study aimed at applying amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) CEST imaging in a clinical setting to assess its diagnostic potential in differentiation of intracranial tumors at 3 tesla (T).

Methods: Using the asymmetry magnetization transfer ratio (MTRasym) analysis, CEST signals were quantitatively investigated in the tumor areas and in a similar sized region of the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) on the contralateral hemisphere of 27 patients with intracranial tumors. Area under curve (AUC) analyses were used and results were compared to perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI).

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A small, benign enhancing lesion posterior to the intracranial vertebral artery at the foramen magnum is a recently described image-based entity and believed to represent varix or ganglion. We report on an individual who underwent surgery due to a hybrid neurofibroma/schwannoma of the trigeminal nerve and additionally presented a small gadolinium-enhancing lesion in the right spinal canal at the level of the craniocervical junction (CCJ). The intraoperative finding of this enhancing lesion most likely represents the lateral internal vertebral venous plexus which does not require follow up or surgical excision.

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Introduction: Cranial nonenhanced CT (NECT) imaging in hyperacute ischemic stroke is rarely used for assessing arterial obstruction of middle cerebral artery by identifying hyperdense artery sign (HAS). Considering, however, its growing importance due to its impact on the decision-making process of thrombolysis with or without mechanical thrombectomy improved sensitivity to HAS is necessary, particularly in the group of less experienced clinicians being frequently the first one assessing the presence of HAS on NECT.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of different NECT image reconstructions on the correct detection of hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign in a cohort of observers with lower experience level on NECT.

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Background: Casper-RX (MicroVention, Aliso Viejo, California, USA) is a dual-layer closed cell stent recently introduced as a carotid artery revascularization device. Although its effectiveness and safety has been proved in elective cases, there are contradictive results regarding its patency in emergency settings. The purpose of the study is to present our single-center experience with the Casper-RX stent in the emergency interventions.

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CT-resolution depends on tube focal spot size. To investigate the effect of reducing focal spot on vessel wall clarity, 22 patients underwent head and neck CTA acquisition with large and small focal spot size. Hounsfield density profile was assessed for each head and neck vessel separately, and significantly sharper density increase at vessel borders was observed using smaller tube focus by an average of 9.

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Introduction: In multiple system atrophy (MSA), the organization of the functional brain connectivity within cortical and subcortical networks and its clinical correlates remains to be investigated.

Methods: Whole-brain based 'resting-state' fMRI data were obtained from 22 MSA patients (11 MSA-C, 11 MSA-P) and 22 matched healthy controls, together with standardized clinical assessment and video-oculographic recordings (EyeLink).

Results: MSA patients vs.

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Characteristic alterations of eye movement control are a common feature of neurodegenerative parkinsonism, including Parkinson's disease (PD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Regional microstructural alterations as assessed by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have been reported in PD, PSP, and MSA. Therefore, we investigated the specific association between eye movement disturbances and microstructural impairment in these diseases.

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Background: The topography of functional network changes in progressive supranuclear palsy can be mapped by intrinsic functional connectivity MRI. The objective of this study was to study functional connectivity and its clinical and behavioral correlates in dedicated networks comprising the cognition-related default mode and the motor and midbrain functional networks in patients with PSP.

Methods: Whole-brain-based "resting-state" functional MRI and high-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging data together with neuropsychological and video-oculographic data from 34 PSP patients (22 with Richardson subtype and 12 with parkinsonian subtype) and 35 matched healthy controls were subjected to network-based functional connectivity and voxel-based morphometry analysis.

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Introduction: Potential alterations of intrinsic functional connectivity in idiopathic restless legs syndrome (RLS) are to be assumed since RLS is considered a network disorder. Whole-brain-based investigation of intrinsic functional connectivity networks including the sensorimotor systems in patients with RLS was compared with matched healthy controls.

Methods: 'Resting-state' functional MRI (1.

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Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for assessing ALS-associated white matter alterations has still not reached the level of a neuroimaging biomarker. Since large-scale multicentre DTI studies in ALS may be hampered by differences in scanning protocols, an approach for pooling of DTI data acquired with different protocols was investigated. Three hundred and nine datasets from 170 ALS patients and 139 controls were collected ex post facto from a monocentric database reflecting different scanning protocols.

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Background: Frontal lobe involvement is considered a clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) feature in later stages of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).

Objective: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to investigate the integrity of frontal pathways in PSP and Parkinson's disease (PD) patients.

Methods: DTI and 3-D MRI were performed in 15 PSP patients (parkinsonism subtype: n = 8; Richardson subtype: n = 7), 15 PD patients, and 18 matched controls.

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