Oncolytic viral kinetics mechanistic modeling of Talimogene Laherparepvec (T-VEC) a first-in-class oncolytic viral therapy in patients with advanced melanoma.

Talimogene Laherparepvec (T-VEC) is a first-in-class oncolytic virotherapy approved for the treatment of unresectable melanoma recurrent after initial surgery. Biodistribution data from a phase II study was used to develop a viral kinetic mechanistic model describing the interaction between cytokines such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), the immune system, and T-VEC treatment. Our analysis found that (1) the viral infection rate has a great influence on T-VEC treatment efficacy; (2) an increase in T-VEC dose of 10 plaque-forming units/ml 21 days and beyond after the initial dose of T-VEC resulted in an ~12% increase in response; and (3) at the systemic level, the ratio of resting innate immune cells to the death rate of innate immune impact T-VEC treatment efficacy.

Recent advances and clinical pharmacology aspects of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cellular therapy development.

Advances in immuno-oncology have provided a variety of novel therapeutics that harness the innate immune system to identify and destroy neoplastic cells. It is noteworthy that acceptable safety profiles accompany the development of these targeted therapies, which result in efficacious cancer treatment with higher survival rates and lower toxicities. Adoptive cellular therapy (ACT) has shown promising results in inducing sustainable remissions in patients suffering from refractory diseases.

[Current developments in healthcare information technology : Impact on structured reporting].

Structured reporting has become established in many radiological applications over the last 20 years. However, its significance is often still seen as being limited to a narrow section of clinical workflows-image reporting and the creation of radiological reports. By placing every clinical and radiological finding in a semantic context from which its clinical meaning can be reproduced at any time, even by digital assistance systems, structured handling of medical data is essential for the interoperability of clinical systems along the entire diagnostic and therapeutic pathway.

Panitumumab: A Review of Clinical Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacology Properties After Over a Decade of Experience in Patients with Solid Tumors.

Panitumumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), thereby inhibiting the growth and survival of tumors expressing EGFR. Panitumumab received approval in the USA in 2006 for the treatment of wild-type RAS (defined as wild-type in both KRAS and NRAS) metastatic colorectal cancer. Over the last 10 years, the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of panitumumab has been studied to further evaluate its safety, efficacy, and optimal dosing regimen.

Quantitative determination of armodafinil in human plasma by liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry: Application to a clinical study.

Armodafinil is a wake-promoting agent approved in 2007 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of excessive sleepiness. A rapid, sensitive and selective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of armodafinil in human plasma was developed and validated. Armodafinil and internal standard (armodafinil d-10) were extracted from human plasma using protein precipitation combined with liquid-liquid extraction.

Computer tomographic analysis of organ motion caused by respiration and intraoperative pneumoperitoneum in a porcine model for navigated minimally invasive esophagectomy.

Background: Navigation systems have the potential to facilitate intraoperative orientation and recognition of anatomical structures. Intraoperative accuracy of navigation in thoracoabdominal surgery depends on soft tissue deformation. We evaluated esophageal motion caused by respiration and pneumoperitoneum in a porcine model for minimally invasive esophagectomy.

Drugs in space: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in astronauts.

Space agencies are working intensely to push the current boundaries of human spaceflight by sending astronauts deeper into space than ever before, including missions to Mars and asteroids. Spaceflight alters human physiology due to fluid shifts, muscle and bone loss, immune system dysregulation, and changes in the gastrointestinal tract and metabolic enzymes. These alterations may change the pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics of medications used by astronauts and subsequently might impact drug efficacy and safety.

Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of Substituted Urea Derivatives on Mouse Melanocortin Receptors.

The melanocortin system is involved in the regulation of several complex physiological functions. In particular, the melanocortin-3 and -4 receptors (MC3R/MC4R) have been demonstrated to regulate body weight, energy homeostasis, and feeding behavior. Synthetic and endogenous melanocortin agonists have been shown to be anorexigenic in rodent models.