Serum NFL and tau, but not serum UCHL-1 and GFAP or CSF SNAP-25, NPTX2, or sTREM2, correlate with delirium in a 3-year retrospective analysis.

Delirium represents a common terminal pathway of heterogeneous neurological conditions characterized by disturbances in consciousness and attention. Contemporary theories highlight the acute impairment of synaptic function and network connectivity, driven by neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neurotransmitter imbalances. However, established biomarkers are still missing.