Publications by authors named "Johanne T Instanes"
Article Synopsis
- The study examines the impact of maternal organic food consumption during pregnancy on the risk of ADHD and autism symptoms in children at age 8, using data from a large Norwegian cohort study.
- It evaluates dietary habits through a food frequency questionnaire and assesses children's behavior through standardized symptom scores, controlling for factors like maternal mental health.
- The findings indicate minimal association between organic food intake and ADHD or autism symptoms, suggesting that increased consumption has negligible effects on these developmental disorders.
Maternal Fiber Intake During Pregnancy and Development of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms Across Childhood: The Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study.
Biol Psychiatry
May 2024
Article Synopsis
- Maternal diet quality, particularly fiber intake during pregnancy, may play a significant role in reducing ADHD symptoms in children.
- A large study involving over 21,000 families found that higher maternal fiber intake was linked to lower ADHD symptom levels in offspring at ages 3, 5, and 8.
- The research suggests that low fiber intake during pregnancy could increase the risk of ADHD symptoms in children, regardless of genetic and environmental factors.
The kynurenine pathway of tryptophan (Trp) metabolism generates multiple biologically active metabolites (kynurenines) that have been implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders. It has been suggested that modulation of kynurenine metabolism could be involved in the therapeutic effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). We performed a systematic review with aims of summarizing changes in Trp and/or kynurenines after ECT and assessing methodological issues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe article "Associations between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autoimmune diseases are modified by sex: a population-based cross-sectional study", written by Tor-Arne Hegvik, Johanne Telnes Instanes, Jan Haavik, Kari Klungsøyr and Anders Engeland, was originally published electronically on the publisher's internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on October 5, 2017 without open access due to an error by the Springer editorial office in the processing of this article. The authors had originally opted for open access.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeveral studies have demonstrated associations between neuropsychiatric disorders, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and the immune system, including autoimmune diseases. Since ADHD and many autoimmune diseases show sex-specific properties, such associations may also differ by sex. Using Norwegian national registries, we performed a cross-sectional study based on a cohort of 2,500,118 individuals to investigate whether ADHD is associated with common autoimmune diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo compare the occurrence of a spectrum of different self-reported sleep problems in adults with ADHD and a control group, and to study the impact of current ADHD medication use and clinical ADHD subtype. Cross-sectional study of 268 clinically ascertained adult ADHD patients (DSM-IV criteria) and 202 randomly selected controls. Sleep problems were self-reported using validated questions, partly from Global Sleep Assessment Questionnaire.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To systematically review, synthesize, and appraise available evidence, connecting adult ADHD with somatic disease.
Method: Embase, Psychinfo, and Medline databases were searched for studies published from 1994 to 2015 addressing adult ADHD and somatic comorbidity. Somatic conditions were classified according to International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) codes.
Background: Prenatal inflammatory mechanisms may play a role in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders and could be relevant for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We investigated maternal chronic somatic diseases with immune components as possible risk factors for ADHD in offspring.
Methods: We performed a population-based nested case-control study by linking data from longitudinal Norwegian registers.
Objective: To assess personality traits using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) in a group of 63 previously diagnosed ADHD patients and 68 population controls and investigate the impact of common comorbid psychiatric disorders on these personality measures.
Method: Psychiatric comorbidity was assessed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus and personality traits by the TCI.
Results: The patient group had significantly higher scores on the TCI dimensions Harm avoidance and Novelty seeking compared with the control group.