Regulatory B Cells-Immunopathological and Prognostic Potential in Humans.

The aim of the following review is to shed light on the putative role of regulatory B cells (Bregs) in various diseases and highlight their potential prognostic and therapeutic relevance in humans. Regulatory B cells are a heterogeneous group of B lymphocytes capable of suppressing inflammatory immune reactions. In this way, Bregs contribute to the maintenance of tolerance and immune homeostasis by limiting ongoing immune reactions temporally and spatially.

Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate is a potent enhancer of B cells with a granzyme B regulatory phenotype.

Introduction: The infusion of -generated regulatory B cells may represent a promising novel therapeutic approach for a variety of autoimmune and hyperinflammatory conditions including graft-versus-host disease.

Methods: Previously, we developed a protocol for the generation of a novel population of regulatory B cells, which are characterized by secretion of enzymatically active granzyme B (). This protocol uses recombinant interleukin 21 (IL-21) and goat-derived F(ab)'2 fragments against the human B cell receptor (anti-BCR).