Conventional cytology scheme: adherence and associated factors.

Objectives: This study analyzed adherence rates to conventional cytology and associated factors in a cohort of women at a health service provider institution in Medellin, Colombia.

Study Design: Observational cohort study with repeated measures.

Methods: Clinical and sociodemographic data were obtained from databases for screenings between January 2018 and December 2022.

Sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections by sex, methamphetamine use, and houselessness before, at, and after HIV diagnosis in Manitoba, Canada.

Objectives: Describe the proportion of people newly living with HIV with sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections (STBBIs) before, at, and after HIV diagnosis in Manitoba, Canada.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study reviewed clinical charts of all 404 people ≥18 years old newly diagnosed with HIV in Manitoba, Canada between 2018 and 2021. Syphilis, hepatitis C and B, gonorrhea, and chlamydia infections before, at, and after HIV diagnosis were recorded and analyzed by sex at birth, injection drug use status, use of methamphetamines, and housing status.

Clinical outcomes of patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation: Experience from an outpatient heart failure clinic in Colombia.

Background: Heart failure (HF) can coexist with atrial fibrillation in up to 60 % of cases, increasing rates of hospitalizations and death. This study analyzed the clinical characteristics, treatment, hospitalization, and mortality of patients with HF and atrial fibrillation based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study included patients from an outpatient HF clinic at Medellín (Colombia) between 2020-2022.

Microbiological performance and adherence in blood culture protocols: The role of a second anaerobic bottle.

Background: Bacteremia represents high rates of morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries, highlighting the need for a diagnostic method that allows prompt and appropriate patient treatment. This study compared microbiological performance and adherence of two blood culture protocols for the diagnosis of bacteremia.

Methods: Quasi-experimental study conducted between June 2022 and February 2023.

Sex differences in houselessness, injection drug use, and mental health conditions among people newly diagnosed with HIV in Manitoba, Canada from 2018 to 2021: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Manitoba saw the highest number of new HIV diagnoses in the province's history in 2021 and is the only Canadian province not meeting any of the previous UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets. Our goal was to describe sex differences and syndemic conditions within an incident HIV cohort in Manitoba, and the HIV treatment initiation and undetectable viral load outcomes.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of all people 18 years and older newly diagnosed with HIV in Manitoba, Canada between January 1st, 2018 and December 31st, 2021.

Device-Associated Infections in COVID-19 Patients: Frequency of Resistant Bacteria, Predictors and Mortality in Medellín, Colombia.

Introduction: Increased antimicrobial use during the COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns about the spread of resistant bacteria. This study analyzed the frequency of device-associated infections (DAI) caused by resistant bacteria, the predictors of these infections, and 30-day all-cause mortality in patients with and without COVID-19.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on DAI patients admitted to the ICU (intensive care unit) in 20 hospitals in Medellin, Colombia (2020-2021).

Adverse events during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador: high frequency of healthcare-associated infections and increasing hospital stay and costs.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic generated high workloads given the high volume of seriously ill patients; conditions that could increase the risk of adverse events (AE). This study analyzed the frequency of AE in patients with COVID-19 and their effect on mortality, hospital stay and costs.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included in-patients with COVID-19 at a single hospital between March 2020-June 2021.

Vestibular Findings on the Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) in Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Functional and anatomic changes occur during pregnancy. Some of these changes are in the auditory and vestibular systems. However, there is a lack of information about the functional changes to critical structures that contribute to balance and proprioception.

High frequency of colonization by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Gram-negative bacilli in hemodialysis patients and their household contacts in Colombia: dissemination between the community and the hospital.

Objectives: Increasing colonization by beta-lactam-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (BR-GNB) represents a risk for infections and bacterial resistance spread, both in hospitals and the community. Hemodialysis patients and their household contacts regularly transit between these environments. This study investigated the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of BR-GNB colonization in hemodialysis patients and their household contacts, as well as the genetic relationship between their isolates.

The remarkable genetic relationship between Staphylococcus aureus isolates from hemodialysis patients and their household contacts: Homes as an important source of colonization and dissemination.

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is a successful pathogen in hospital and community. Hemodialysis patients have high colonization rates. Interactions between them and their household contacts, are an opportunity to understand the S.

A longitudinal study shows intermittent colonization by Staphylococcus aureus with a high genetic diversity in hemodialysis patients.

Staphylococcus aureus colonization increases the risk of invasive infections in different groups of patients. We analyzed the dynamics and factors associated with S. aureus colonization in hemodialysis patients.

Post-antibiotic era in hemodialysis? Two case reports of simultaneous colonization and bacteremia by multidrug-resistant bacteria.

The emergence of resistance mechanisms not only limits the therapeutic options for common bacterial infections but also worsens the prognosis in patients who have conditions that increase the risk of bacterial infections. Thus, the effectiveness of important medical advances that seek to improve the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases is threatened. We report the simultaneous colonization and bacteremia by multidrug-resistant bacteria in two hemodialysis patients.

High frequency of colonization by diverse clones of beta-lactam-resistant Gram-negative bacilli in haemodialysis: different sources of transmission outside the renal unit?

While colonization by in haemodialysis patients has been assessed, knowledge about colonization by beta-lactam-resistant Gram-negative bacilli is still limited. To describe clinical and molecular characteristics in haemodialysis patients colonized by (MSSA-MRSA) and beta-lactam-resistant Gram-negative bacilli in an ambulatory renal unit. The study included patients with central venous catheters in an outpatient haemodialysis facility in Medellín, Colombia (October 2017-October 2018).

Staphylococcus aureus colonization increases the risk of bacteremia in hemodialysis patients: a molecular epidemiology approach with time-dependent analysis.

Background: Bacteremia is the second cause of death in hemodialysis patients and colonization may be a risk factor. We analyzed the association between Staphylococcus aureus or multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria colonization and bacteremia in hemodialysis patients.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted.

Molecular epidemiology of carbapenem resistant gram-negative bacilli from infected pediatric population in tertiary - care hospitals in Medellín, Colombia: an increasing problem.

Background: Gram-negative bacilli are a cause of serious infections in the pediatric population. Carbapenem are the treatment of choice for infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli, but the emergence of carbapenem resistance has substantially reduced access to effective antimicrobial regimens. Children are a population vulnerable to bacterial infections and the emergence of resistance can worsen prognosis.

[Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii causing osteomyelitis and infections of skin and soft tissues in hospitals of Medellín, Colombia].

Introduction: Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic bacterium which infects seriously ill patients, particularly those with ventilator-associated pneumonia and bacteremia. The emergence of resistance to carbapenem limits the options for the treatment of infections caused by this bacterium.

Objective: To describe the clinical and molecular characteristics of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant A.

Similar frequencies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates producing KPC and VIM carbapenemases in diverse genetic clones at tertiary-care hospitals in Medellín, Colombia.

Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa has become a serious health threat worldwide due to the limited options available for its treatment. Understanding its epidemiology contributes to the control of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and molecular characteristics of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant P.

A comparison of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus reveals no clinical and epidemiological but molecular differences.

Most studies on Staphylococcus aureus have focused on the molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections. In contrast, little information is available regarding the molecular epidemiology of currently circulating methicillin-susceptible S.

CC8 MRSA strains harboring SCCmec type IVc are predominant in Colombian hospitals.

Background: Recent reports highlight the incursion of community-associated MRSA within healthcare settings. However, knowledge of this phenomenon remains limited in Latin America. The aim of this study was to evaluate the molecular epidemiology of MRSA in three tertiary-care hospitals in Medellín, Colombia.

Characterisation of virulence genes in methicillin susceptible and resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from a paediatric population in a university hospital of Medellín, Colombia.

Virulence and antibiotic resistance are significant determinants of the types of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and paediatric groups remain among the most commonly affected populations. The goal of this study was to characterise virulence genes of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S.