Commissioning of a 4D MRI phantom for use in MR-guided radiotherapy.

Purpose: Systems for integrated magnetic resonance guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) provide real-time and online MRI guidance for unequaled targeting performance of moving tumors and organs at risk. The clinical introduction of such systems requires dedicated methods for commissioning and routine machine quality assurance (QA). The aim of the study was to develop a commissioning protocol and method for automatic quantification of target motion and geometric accuracy using a 4D MRI motion phantom.

Effects of combined valproic acid and the epidermal growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor AEE788 on renal cell carcinoma cell lines in vitro.

Objective: To evaluate adhesion and growth inhibiting effects of the multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor AEE788 and the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells.

Materials And Methods: Caki-1 cells were treated with AEE788 and VPA, either alone or in combination, to investigate RCC cell adhesion to vascular endothelial cells or to immobilized extracellular matrix proteins. Tumour cell proliferation was examined by MTT dye reduction assay.

Combining the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor AEE788 and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor RAD001 strongly inhibits adhesion and growth of renal cell carcinoma cells.

Background: Treatment options for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are limited due to resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy. The development of small-molecule multikinase inhibitors has now opened novel treatment options. We evaluated the influence of the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor AEE788, applied alone or combined with the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor RAD001, on RCC cell adhesion and proliferation in vitro.