A case report of high-output heart failure due to arteriovenous shunt without bowel: how to address?

Background: High-output heart failure (HF) is a form of HF where patients present with a high-output state with low systemic vascular resistance. This report presents the case of high-output HF in a patient with an arteriovenous shunt and no options for oral-administered drugs.

Case Summary: A 70-year-old male with a terminal jejunostomy fully depending on parenteral feeding through a vena saphena magna shunt presented with symptoms of shortness of breath.