Publications by authors named "Johan Von Schreeb"
On February 6, 2023, a strong earthquake (7.8 Richter scale) shook southwestern Türkiye, and also affected areas in northwest Syria, resulting in over 50 000 fatalities and more than 100 000 injured in Türkiye, in addition to the displacement of approximately 3 million people. In response to an international request for assistance from the Turkish government, the United Kingdom (UK) government deployed an Emergency Medical Team (EMT) Type 1 to provide outpatient care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: This study aimed to develop and evaluate a scenario-based e-simulation (SBES) to address the limited avilability of accessible and practical training for humanitarian public health responders. The objectives included SBES customisation, effectiveness evaluation, and identifying learning-enhancing design elements.
Design: A university-based, mixed-methods action research design.
Recommendations for the management of malnutrition among infants aged less than 6 months (<6 m) are based on limited evidence. This study aimed to describe the characteristics, treatment outcomes and outcome-associated factors among malnourished infants <6 m admitted at Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) inpatient and ambulatory therapeutic feeding centres (ITFC and ATFC) in North-East Nigeria, 2019-2022. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the cohorts and logistic regression to measure the association between two selected outcomes-inpatient mortality and defaulting from the ambulatory programme-and possible factors associated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Quality of care has been systematically monitored in hospitals in high-income countries to ensure adequate care. However, in low- and middle-income countries, quality indicators are not readily measured. The primary aim of this study was to assess to what extent it was feasible to monitor the quality of intensive care in an ongoing health emergency, and the secondary aim was to assess a quality of care intervention (twinning project) focused on Intensive Care Unit (ICU) quality of care in public hospitals in Lebanon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - The text introduces the concept of a "quandemic," highlighting how the COVID-19 pandemic has been influenced by an over-reliance on specific quantifiable metrics in policymaking, which oversimplifies complex public health issues.
- - It argues that this focus on a limited set of metrics, like case numbers and vaccination rates, can overshadow other important factors and evidence in pandemic management, leading to a narrow understanding of the situation.
- - The authors suggest that a quandemic can hinder effective responses to the pandemic by emphasizing certain outcomes while neglecting adverse effects, and creating competitive standards that don’t account for different socio-cultural contexts.
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Health care workers (HCWs) are susceptible to moral stress and distress when they are faced with morally challenging situations where it is difficult to act in line with their moral standards. In times of crisis, such as disasters and pandemics, morally challenging situations are more frequent, due to the increased imbalance between patient needs and resources. However, the concepts of moral stress and distress vary and there is unclarity regarding the definitions used in the literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: This study aims to describe the injury patterns of the Beirut blast victims and assess hospitals' disaster management and preparedness during the 2020 Beirut port blast.
Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective multicenter study was conducted in two stages. Data were collected on blast victims presented to participating hospitals from August 4 till August 8, using three designed questionnaires.
Background: The Battle of Mosul (2016-2017) was an urban conflict resulting in over 9000 civilian deaths. Emergency Management Centre (EMC), located 90 km from Mosul, was designated as a civilian-run trauma centre as part of the novel Mosul Trauma Pathway. Patients necessitating exploratory laparotomy (ex-lap) provide a unique window into the system of care delivery in conflicts, given the importance of timely, resource-intensive care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe importance of measuring outcomes after injury beyond mortality and morbidity is increasingly recognized, though underreported in humanitarian settings. To address shortcomings of existing outcome measures in humanitarian settings, the Activity Independence Measure-Trauma (AIM-T) was developed, and is structured in three subscales (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Breastfeeding (BF) should be protected, promoted, and supported for all infants in humanitarian settings. The re-establishment of exclusive BF is also a central part of the management of acutely malnourished infants under 6 months (<6 m). Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) runs a nutrition project in Maiduguri, a protracted emergency setting in North-East Nigeria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The purpose of this study was to identify the possible needs for undergraduate disaster medicine education in Sweden and to make informed recommendations for the implementation of disaster medicine content in medical and nursing schools in Sweden.
Methods: An online survey was distributed to undergraduate medical and nursing students through the directors of all medical and nursing programs at Swedish universities. The survey contained demographic questions, as well as questions about the amount of disaster medical education and previous experience with rescue, police, or military services.
Article Synopsis
- A standardized tool called the Activity Independence Measure for Trauma (AIM-T) was created to assess patients' daily activity independence after experiencing trauma in humanitarian settings.
- This study focused on refining the AIM-T by reducing the number of items from the original version (AIM-T1) based on data from 635 patients across several countries, resulting in a shorter version (AIM-T2).
- The final version, AIM-T3, includes 12 highly relevant and culturally appropriate items, making it a potentially effective measure for clinicians to use in evaluating trauma patients in various humanitarian contexts.
In 1998, the World Health Organisation (WHO) published general guidelines proposing essential measures to achieve relactation. Yet, increased knowledge about the practical set-up of relactation support interventions in different contexts is needed, especially in humanitarian settings, where nonbreastfed infants are particularly at risk. This study aimed to compile and assess the characteristics, outcomes and factors influencing the implementation of relactation support interventions reported since the latest WHO recommendations.
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- The research focuses on how moral distress impacts healthcare leaders, an area that hasn’t been well-studied compared to the experiences of nurses and clinicians.
- A thorough review of existing literature revealed that both leaders and their employees experience moral distress, highlighting the need for organizations to address this issue.
- To effectively manage moral distress, the study suggests that organizations should develop stronger cultures that promote transparency and alignment of values, rather than just treating individual cases.
Due to rising temperatures and CO emissions, climate change has become one of the most important global issues. We described the relationship between extreme weather-related events and death, globally, from 1999 through 2018. We used data from the emergency events database of the Université Catholique de Louvain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: On August 4, 2020, a massive explosion struck the Beirut Harbor in Lebanon. Approximately 220 people were killed and around 7,000 were injured, of which 12% were hospitalized. Despite being weakened by economic crisis and increasing numbers of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, the national health care system responded promptly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Globally, haemorrhage is the leading cause of both maternal mortality and preventable trauma death. For patients suffering from haemorrhage, prompt blood transfusion can be life-saving; however, safe and sufficient blood is often lacking in low-resource settings (LRS). Autotransfusion (AT), in which the patient's own blood is collected and transfused back, is an established alternative to donor blood transfusions, although one that is primarily performed with advanced AT systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Disasters are chaotic events with healthcare needs that overwhelm available capacities. Disaster healthcare responders must make difficult and swift choices, e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, low- and middle-income countries have rapidly scaled up intensive care unit (ICU) capacities. Doing this without monitoring the quality of care poses risks to patient safety and may negatively affect patient outcomes. While monitoring the quality of care is routine in high-income countries, it is not systematically implemented in most low- and middle-income countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Clinical outcomes after negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) and standard treatment of conflict-related extremity wounds are similar. In resource-limited settings, cost affects the choice of treatment. We aimed to estimate treatment-related costs of NPWT in comparison with standard treatment for conflict-related extremity wounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Health system resilience can increase a system's ability to deal with shocks like floods. Studying health systems that currently exhibit the capacity for resilience when shocked could enhance our understanding about what generates and influences resilience. This study aimed to generate empirical knowledge on health system resilience by exploring how public antenatal and childbirth health services in Cambodia have absorbed, adapted or transformed in response to seasonal and occasional floods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBeirut Explosion: The Largest Non-Nuclear Blast in History.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep
October 2022
A massive explosion have ripped Beirut on August 4, 2020, leaving behind more than 6000 casualties, 800 regular floor admissions, 130 intensive care unit admissions, and over 200 deaths. Buildings were destroyed, hospitals in Beirut were also destroyed, others became nonfunctional. A disaster code was initiated in all the hospitals.
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