Artificial Intelligence-Generated Editorials in Radiology: Can Expert Editors Detect Them?

Background And Purpose: We aimed to evaluate GPT-4's ability to write radiology editorials and to compare these with human-written counterparts, thereby determining their real-world applicability for scientific writing.

Materials And Methods: Sixteen editorials from eight journals were included. To generate the AI-written editorials, the summary of 16 human-written editorials was fed into GPT-4.

Standardized reporting for Head CT Scans in patients suspected of traumatic brain injury (TBI): An international expert endeavor.

Background And Purpose: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major source of health loss and disability worldwide. Accurate and timely diagnosis of TBI is critical for appropriate treatment and management of the condition. Neuroimaging plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and characterization of TBI.

Can large language models pass official high-grade exams of the European Society of Neuroradiology courses? A direct comparison between OpenAI chatGPT 3.5, OpenAI GPT4 and Google Bard.

We compared different LLMs, notably chatGPT, GPT4, and Google Bard and we tested whether their performance differs in subspeciality domains, in executing examinations from four different courses of the European Society of Neuroradiology (ESNR) notably anatomy/embryology, neuro-oncology, head and neck and pediatrics. Written exams of ESNR were used as input data, related to anatomy/embryology (30 questions), neuro-oncology (50 questions), head and neck (50 questions), and pediatrics (50 questions). All exams together, and each exam separately were introduced to the three LLMs: chatGPT 3.

Posterior Subcutaneous Edema at Lumbar Spine MRI: A Systematic Review.

Rationale And Objectives: Edema in the subcutaneous soft tissue of the lumbar spine is a frequent incidental finding in spinal magnetic resonance imaging, however, its exact explanation is yet to be determined. The aim of this paper is to provide a systematic literature review on posterior lumbar subcutaneous edema (LSE).

Materials And Methods: The present systematic literature search was carried out in October 2023 using electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane library, and Scopus.

Multinodular and Vacuolating Neuronal Tumor-like Lesion of the Spinal Cord: Two Case Reports.

We describe 2 cases of a spinal cord lesion with imaging features closely resembling those described in supratentorial multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor (MVNT) or infratentorial multinodular and vacuolating posterior fossa lesions of unknown significance. Multiple well-delineated nonenhancing T2-hyperintense intramedullary cystic ovoid nodules were visualized within the white matter of the spinal cord, including some immediately abutting the gray matter. No alterations in signal intensity or morphology were detected in a follow-up.

Neuroradiology of acute pathologies in adults with hematologic malignancies: a pictorial review.

Hematopoietic and lymphoid tumors are a heterogeneous group of diseases including lymphomas, multiple myeloma (MM), and leukemias. These diseases are associated with systemic involvement and various clinical presentations including acute neurological deficits. Adult patients with hematologic malignancies (HM) are at risk for developing a wide array of acute conditions involving the nervous system.

Vacuum Phenomenon in the Lumbar Spine: Pilot Study for Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Objectives: Vacuum phenomenon (VP) is defined as air within a joint. Many pathologies are associated with VP, mainly degenerative disease and trauma. Although patients with intradiscal gas may be asymptomatic, it promotes disc degeneration and can eventually become painful.

Microstructural Changes in the Spinothalamic Tract of CPSS Patients: Preliminary Results from a Single-Center Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.

Introduction: Chronic pain after spinal surgery (CPSS), formerly known as failed back surgery syndrome, encompasses a variety of highly incapacitating chronic pain syndromes emerging after spinal surgery. The intractability of CPSS makes objective parameters that could aid classification and treatment essential. In this study, we investigated the use of cerebral diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.

Results of an International Survey on Spinal Imaging by the ASNR/ASSR/ESNR/ESSR "Nomenclature 3.0" Working Group.

Our goal was to determine if "Nomenclature 2.0," the classification of lumbar disk pathology consensus, should be updated. We conducted a social media and e-mail-based survey on preferences regarding the use of classification on magnetic resonance spine reporting.

Imaging in Whiplash-Associated Disorders.

"Whiplash," a term describing the severe acceleration and deceleration forces applied to the head, craniocervical junction (CCJ), and cervical spine during trauma, is one of the most frequent mechanisms of injury to the CCJ. The CCJ is a complex region at the transition of the cranium and the cervical spine, essential for maintaining craniocervical stability. In whiplash injuries, the CCJ may be compromised due to underlying ligamentous or, less frequently, osseous, intravertebral disk and/or muscular lesions.

The current role and future directions of imaging in failed back surgery syndrome patients: an educational review.

Background: Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is an umbrella term referring to painful sensations experienced by patients after spinal surgery, mostly of neuropathic nature. Adequate treatment of FBSS is challenging, as its etiology is believed to be multifactorial and still not fully clarified. Accurate identification of the source of pain is difficult but pivotal to establish the most appropriate treatment strategy.

Virtual conferences: results of an international survey on radiologist preferences and perspectives.

Background: We explored perceptions and preferences regarding the conversion of in-person to virtual conferences as necessitated by travel and in-person meeting restrictions.

Methods: A 16-question online survey to assess preferences regarding virtual conferences during the COVID-19 pandemic and future perspectives on this subject was disseminated internationally online between June and August 2020.

Findings: A total of 508 responses were received from 73 countries.

Age-related changes to the craniocervical ligaments in asymptomatic subjects: a prospective MR study.

Purpose: The craniocervical junction (CCJ) is a complex of bony and ligamentous structure stabilizing CCJ. Nearly one-third of all traumatic injuries to the cervical spine involve the CCJ. Only little literature is available on this topic, and most of the studies are focused on anatomy, biomechanics or ligamentous injury in whiplash-associated disorders.

Randomized Controlled Trial of Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion With Ti- and CaP-Nanocoated Polyetheretherketone Cages: Comparative Study of the 1-Year Radiological and Clinical Outcome.

Background: Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a popular material for posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) cages, although osseointegration remains limited. To optimize PEEK cage characteristics, titanium (Ti) and calcium phosphate (CaP) nanocoatings have been developed with proven mechanical safety. This multicenter randomized controlled trial compared the clinical and radiological outcome parameters of nanocoated and uncoated PEEK cages, up to 1 year after surgery.

Validation of topographic hybrid single-photon emission computerized tomography with computerized tomography scan in patients with and without nonspecific chronic low back pain. A prospective comparative study.

Background Context: The evidence for the treatment for nonspecific chronic low back pain (ns CLBP) is very weak. Besides the complexity of the pain experience, a good biological marker or tool enabling identification of a pain generator is lacking. Hybrid imaging, combining single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) with computerized tomography (CT) scan, has been proposed as useful in the diagnostic workup of patients with CLBP.

Trabecular metal spacers as standalone or with pedicle screw augmentation, in posterior lumbar interbody fusion: a prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: This prospective randomized comparative trial compared radiological and clinical outcome of Trabecular Metal™ (TM) spacers in PLIF, used as standalone (SA) devices, to TM spacers in PLIF with pedicle screw fixation (PF), in patients with single-level degenerative disc disease (DDD).

Methods: Patients (n = 80) with chronic low back pain and single-level degenerative disc were randomly assigned to the SA PLIF (n = 40) or PLIF with PF (n = 40). The primary radiological outcome was the evaluation of a long-term (±6 years; range 6.

Overview of the complications and sequelae in spinal infections.

Spondylitis or infection of the spine is a spectrum of diseases involving the bone, disks, and/or ligaments. Because of a significant increase in the immunocompromised patient population, spinal infections are a growing and changing group of conditions, making the diagnosis based on imaging more challenging. Most cases of spinal infections are pyogenic and occur after hematogeneous spread of an infection located elsewhere in the body.