How low can you go? Antibiotic use in Swedish dogs with gastroenteritis.

Background: Canine gastroenteritis (CGE) is a common cause for seeking veterinary care in companion animal medicine and an area where antibiotics have been reported to be widely used. Therefore, creating relevant benchmarks for antibiotic use in CGE is important when implementing and analyzing antibiotic stewardship interventions. The aim of this paper was to describe the level and temporal trend of systemic antibiotic use for CGE in Sweden between 2020 and 2023.

Avidity maturation of anti-spike IgG after vaccination in COVID-19 convalescent vs COVID-19 naïve patients.

Antibodies and avidity maturation contribute to long-lasting immunity, and previous COVID-19 seems to enhance the immune response after vaccination. The aim of this study was to compare the immune response after vaccination between COVID-19 convalescents and naïve patients. Blood samples from COVID-19 convalescents and naïve patients, taken 1, 3 and 6 months after the second dose of vaccine (mRNA-vaccine BNT162b2), were analysed for anti-spike IgG and avidity.

Influenza-associated invasive aspergillosis in patients admitted to the intensive care unit in Sweden: a prospective multicentre cohort study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to prospectively investigate the incidence of influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (IAPA) in influenza patients admitted to intensive care units in Sweden.

Methods: The study included consecutive adult patients with PCR-verified influenza A or B in 12 Swedish intensive care units (ICUs) over four influenza seasons (2019-2023). Patients were screened using serum galactomannan and β-d-glucan tests and fungal culture of a respiratory sample at inclusion and weekly during the ICU stay.

Dynamics of IgG-avidity and antibody levels after Covid-19.

Background: A potentially important aspect of the humoral immune response to Covid-19 is avidity, the overall binding strength between antibody and antigen. As low avidity is associated with a risk of re- infection in several viral infections, avidity might be of value to predict risk for reinfection with covid-19.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the maturation of IgG avidity and the antibody-levels over time in patients with PCR-confirmed non-severe covid-19.

tricuspid valve endocarditis.

is an uncommon cause of infective endocarditis (IE) and mainly affects persons with compromised immune-systems who have been in contact with dogs. We describe a case of tricuspid valve IE in a 70 year-old dog-owner where diagnosis and treatment were delayed. The reason for the delayed diagnosis in this case was likely due to that initial blood cultures were negative due to preceding antibiotic treatment, discrepancies between echocardiographic investigations, and a thymoma and colonic polyps which were thought to explain the symptoms.

Bacteremia with ESBL-producing Enterobacterales is associated with IgG antibodies reacting with CTX-M-15 and/or CTX-M-27.

Objectives: The adaptive humoral immune response following clinical infection with extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales (EPE) has not been thoroughly investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of anti-CTX-M-15 and/or anti-CTX-M-27 IgG antibodies in bacteremia patients diagnosed with EPE compared to a control group consisting of patients suffering from bacteremia with third generation cephalosporin-susceptible Escherichia coli (3GCSE).

Methods: Patientswith EPE (n = 59) or 3GCSE (n = 42) bacteremia were recruited in this case control study in the Skåne County (South of Sweden).

Corrigendum to 'quantitative determination of 64Cu-liposome accumulation at inflammatory and infectious sites: Potential for future theranostic system': [journal of controlled release 327 (2020) 737-746].

Background: Therapeutic interventions for infectious and inflammatory diseases are becoming increasingly challenging in terms of therapeutic resistance and side-effects. Theranostic systems to ameliorate diagnosis and therapy are therefore highly warranted. The pathophysiological changes in inflammatory lesions provide an attractive basis for extravasation and accumulation of PEGylated liposomes.

A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study of Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-Producing in Patients with Traveler's Diarrhea.

Patients with traveler's diarrhea (TD) can acquire extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing members of the (EPE) during travel to areas of endemicity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of EPE carriage in travelers from southern Sweden who were sampled for bacterial diagnostics of TD compared to those of EPE carriage 10 years ago. Clinical samples sent for culture of common causes of bacterial enterocolitis, if the referral stated foreign travel, were included in the study.

Association of acute myocardial infarction with influenza: A nationwide observational study.

Introduction: Influenza may precipitate cardiovascular disease, but influenza typically peaks in winter, coinciding with other triggers of myocardial infarction (MI) such as low air temperature, high wind velocity, low atmospheric pressure, and short sunshine duration.

Objective: We aimed to determine the relationship of week-to-week variation in influenza cases and acute MI, controlling for meteorological factors in a nationwide population.

Methods: Weekly laboratory-confirmed influenza case reports were obtained from the Public Health Agency of Sweden from 2009 to 2016 and merged with the nationwide SWEDEHEART MI registry.

Improved Outcomes After Regional Implementation of Sepsis Alert: A Novel Triage Model.

Objectives: To assess whether the triage model Sepsis Alert for Emergency Departments results in improved initial care of patients with severe infections.

Design: Interventional study comparing patient care before and after the start of a new triage model, including 90-day follow-up.

Setting: Eight emergency departments in Skåne County, Sweden.

Risk factors associated with prolonged intestinal colonization of ESBL-producing - a prospective cohort study.

Background: Extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing (EPE) are responsible for a major part of the widespread antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Increased understanding of risk factors associated with intestinal colonization of EPE is crucial to implement adequate actions against AMR. The aim of this study was to define potential risk factors for prolonged intestinal colonization with EPE.

Severe diphtheria with neurologic and myocardial involvement in a Swedish patient: a case report.

Background: Diphtheria is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Although waning in incidence diphtheria can cause severe disease as in this rare Swedish case with several complications.

Case Presentation: A 55-year old male presented to the emergency room with severe respiratory symptoms and greyish membranes in the airways, which turned positive for C.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles Induce Vitronectin Release Into the Bronchoalveolar Space Conferring Protection From Complement-Mediated Killing.

Pathogens causing pneumonia utilize the complement regulator vitronectin to evade complement-mediated killing. Although vitronectin is associated with several chronic lung diseases, the role of bronchoalveolar vitronectin in pneumonia has not been studied. This study sought to reveal the involvement of vitronectin in the bronchoalveolar space during pneumonia, to assess the effect of outer membrane vesicles and endotoxin on vitronectin release, and to determine whether bacterial pathogens utilize pulmonary vitronectin for evasion.

Considerable variation of trough β-lactam concentrations in older adults hospitalized with infection-a prospective observational study.

In older adults, few studies confirm that adequate concentrations of antibiotics are achieved using current dosage regimens of intravenous β-lactam antibiotics. Our objective was to investigate trough concentrations of cefotaxime, meropenem, and piperacillin in older adults hospitalized with infection. We included 102 patients above 70 years of age.

The usefulness of appetite and energy intake-based algorithms to assess treatment effect of a bacterial infection: An observational prospective study.

Background: The diagnosis of infectious diseases and the duration of antibiotic therapies are generally based on empirical rules. Studies implicate that the use biological markers can be used as a reliable method to shorten antibiotic therapies. The return of appetite is a clinical aspect of recovery from an infection that may be used to guide antibiotic therapies.

The Association between GABA-Modulators and Clostridium difficile Infection - A Matched Retrospective Case-Control Study.

Objective: Recently, metabolomics studies have suggested that the neurotransmitter γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) may modulate C. difficile infection (CDI) pathogenesis. In the present study, we investigated the association between GABA-modulating pharmaceuticals and CDI development.

The prevalence, population structure and screening test specificity of penicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia isolates in Malmö, Sweden.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to examine the prevalence of penicillin-susceptible bacteremic Staphylococcus aureus in the Malmö area in 2014, to re-evaluate the phenotypic methods of penicillinase detection on these isolates, and to investigate the clonal distribution of penicillin-susceptible isolates.

Methods: All non-redundant S. aureus from blood in the Malmö catchment area in southern Sweden 2014 were screened for penicillin susceptibility using PcG 1U disk diffusion, E-test PcG and the nitrocefin test.

The prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in a nursing home setting compared with elderly living at home: a cross-sectional comparison.

Background: The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of faecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae among residents living in nursing homes and to compare it with a corresponding group of elderly people living in their own homes.

Methods: A total of 160 persons participated in the study between February and April 2014, 91 were residents in nursing homes (n = 10) and the remaining 69 were elderly living in their own homes. In addition to performing faecal samples, all participants answered a standardized questionnaire regarding known risk factors for ESBL-carriage.

An Audit-Based, Infectious Disease Specialist-Guided Antimicrobial Stewardship Program Profoundly Reduced Antibiotic Use Without Negatively Affecting Patient Outcomes.

Background.  Antimicrobial stewardship programs are increasingly implemented in hospital care. They aim to simultaneously optimize outcomes for individual patients with infections and reduce financial and health-associated costs of overuse of antibiotics.

Ten years of treating necrotizing fasciitis.

Background: Necrotizing fasciitis is a soft tissue infection characterized by rapid progression and a high mortality rate. The objective of this study was to investigate diagnosis, causative microbial agents, comorbidities, antibiotic regimen and outcome regarding this disease at Skåne University Hospital in Malmö, Sweden.

Methods: From medical records, we identified 33 patients treated from January 2003 to January 2013, 31 of whom could be included in our investigation.

Risk factors, outcome and impact of empirical antimicrobial treatment in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli bacteraemia.

Background: To investigate patient characteristics and empirical antimicrobial treatment of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) bacteraemia, to determine risk factors, outcome and impact of empirical antimicrobial treatment.

Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study of all patients diagnosed with ESBL-EC from January 2011 to September 2012. The control group consisted of patients with non-ESBL E.