Analysis of queries to a Swedish drug information centre identifies scientific knowledge gaps.

Drug Information Centres (DICs) are providing clinicians with evidence-based support for rational drug treatment. However, knowledge gaps in the literature may hinder DICs from offering optimal guidance. This study examined the extent and nature of these knowledge gaps and their impact on clinical pharmacological advice, using real-world query data from a Swedish regional DIC.

Donor age and ischemic time in heart transplantation - implications for organ preservation.

Background: The Organ Care System and Non-ischemic Heart Preservation methods have emerged as significant advancements in heart transplantation, designed to mitigate ischemic injury and extend preservation times. However, their high costs and logistical complexities necessitate strategic utilization.

Methods: We evaluated data from 83,761 heart transplants registered in the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation registry from 1988 to 2018.

International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation Guidelines for the Evaluation and Care of Cardiac Transplant Candidates-2024.

The "International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation Guidelines for the Evaluation and Care of Cardiac Transplant Candidates-2024" updates and replaces the "Listing Criteria for Heart Transplantation: International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation Guidelines for the Care of Cardiac Transplant Candidates-2006" and the "2016 International Society for Heart Lung Transplantation Listing Criteria for Heart Transplantation: A 10-year Update." The document aims to provide tools to help integrate the numerous variables involved in evaluating patients for transplantation, emphasizing updating the collaborative treatment while waiting for a transplant. There have been significant practice-changing developments in the care of heart transplant recipients since the publication of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) guidelines in 2006 and the 10-year update in 2016.

Mapping the risk of introduction of highly pathogenic avian influenza to Swedish poultry.

Outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) have resulted in severe economic impact for national governments and poultry industries globally and in Sweden in recent years. Veterinary authorities can enforce prevention measures, e.g.

A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Split-Face, Comparative Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of DKL23 and Juvéderm Volift for Correcting Moderate-to-Severe Nasolabial Folds.

Background: Hyaluronic acid dermal fillers are used for multiple indications, including wrinkle correction and restoration of volume/fullness.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of 2 hyaluronic acid products for correcting moderate to severe nasolabial folds (NLFs).

Methods: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, split-face study was undertaken.

Diastolic Filling in Patients After Heart Transplantation Is Impaired Due to an Altered Geometrical Relationship Between the Left Atrium and Ventricle.

Background: The geometrical relationship between atrial and ventricular short-axis cross-sectional area determines the hydraulic forces acting on intracardiac blood. This is important for diastolic filling. In patients undergoing heart transplantation (HTx), the left atrium is often enlarged as a result of the standard surgical technique.

Waiting list and post-transplant outcome in Sweden after national centralization of heart transplant surgery.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated an association between transplantation rate per center and postoperative mortality after heart transplantation. In 2011, Sweden centralized heart transplants and waiting lists, reducing the number of centers from 3 to 2. We aimed to assess the active waiting time and pre- and post-transplant mortality before and after centralization.

Pleiotropic effects of melanin pigmentation: haemoparasite infection intensity but not telomere length is associated with plumage morph in black sparrowhawks.

There is increasing recognition of the potential pleiotropic effects of melanin pigmentation, particularly on immunity, with reports of variation in haemoparasite infection intensity and immune responses between the morphs of colour-polymorphic bird species. In a population of the black sparrowhawk () in western South Africa, light morphs have a higher haemoparasite infection intensity, but no physiological effects of this are apparent. Here, we investigate the possible effects of haemoparasite infection on telomere length in this species and explore whether relative telomere length is associated with either plumage morph or sex.

Impact of prolonged storage time on homograft ultrastructures: an attempt to find optimal guidelines for homograft processing.

According to guidelines, total ischemic time for homografts at processing must be kept short to avoid degeneration. Many homografts are discarded due to practical inability to finish all steps from procurement to cryopreservation within the time limit. Although, several studies have shown that homografts with prolonged ischemic time show adequate quality and performance.

Cover crop cultivation strategies in a Scandinavian context for climate change mitigation and biogas production - Insights from a life cycle perspective.

Cover crop cultivation can be a vital strategy for mitigating climate change in agriculture, by increasing soil carbon stocks and resource efficiency within the cropping system. Another mitigation option is to harvest the cover crop and use the biomass to replace greenhouse gas-intensive products, such as fossil fuels. Harvesting cover crop biomass could also reduce the risk of elevated NO emissions associated with cover crop cultivation under certain conditions, which would offset much of the mitigation potential.

Automatic Annotation of PubMed Articles with MeSH Qualifiers.

The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a comprehensive indexing vocabulary used to label millions of books and articles on PubMed. The MeSH annotation of a document consists of one or more descriptors, the main headings, and of qualifiers, subheadings specific to a descriptor. Currently, there are more than 34 million documents on PubMed, which are manually tagged with MeSH terms.

Utility of heparin-binding protein following cardiothoracic surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass.

Cardiothoracic surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) triggers an inflammatory state that may be difficult to differentiate from infection. Heparin-binding protein (HBP) is a candidate biomarker for sepsis. As data indicates that HBP normalizes rapidly after cardiothoracic surgery, it may be a suitable early marker of postoperative infection.

Cholecystectomy and ERCP in pregnancy: a nationwide register-based study.

Objective: The objective was to examine the outcomes of cholecystectomy and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) during pregnancy and compare these outcomes with those in nonpregnant women of fertile age.

Summary Background Data: Although both laparoscopic cholecystectomy and ERCP are considered safe and feasible in pregnant patients, there is still concern and uncertainty regarding gallstone intervention during pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate outcomes in pregnant patients compared to outcomes in nonpregnant patients.

Hyperglycemia and insulin infusion in pancreatoduodenectomy: a prospective cohort study on feasibility and impact on complications.

Background: Hyperglycemia is a risk factor for postoperative complications but its impact on outcome after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is scarcely studied. This prospective cohort study aimed to assess the effect of continuous insulin infusion on postoperative complications and blood glucose, as well as to evaluate the impact of hyperglycemia on complications, after PD.

Materials And Methods: One hundred patients planned for PD at Skåne University Hospital, Sweden were prospectively included for perioperative continuous insulin infusion and a historic cohort of 100 patients was included retrospectively.

Inequality persists in a large citizen science programme despite increased participation through ICT innovations.

Biological recording is a prominent and widely practised form of citizen science, but few studies explore long-term demographic trends in participation and knowledge production. We studied long-term demographic trends of age and gender of participants reporting to a large online citizen science multi-taxon biodiversity platform ( www.artportalen.

Calcium Load in the Aortic Valve, Aortic Root, and Left Ventricular Outflow Tract and the Risk for a Periprocedural Stroke.

Background: Periprocedural stroke during transcatheter aortic valve implantation is a rare but devastating complication. The calcified aortic valve is the most likely source of the emboli in a periprocedural stroke. The total load and distribution of calcium in the leaflets, aortic root, and left ventricular outflow tract varies from patient to patient.

Exploring Spatial Heterogeneity of Immune Cells in Nasopharyngeal Cancer.

Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a malignant tumor. In a recent publication, we described the presence and distribution of CD8 T cells in NPC and used the information to identify 'inflamed', 'immune-excluded', and 'desert' immune phenotypes, where 'inflamed' and 'immune-excluded' NPCs were correlated with CD8 T cell infiltration and survival. Arguably, more detailed and, in particular, spatially resolved data are required for patient stratification and for the identification of new treatment targets.

Thermoregulatory costs of the innate immune response are modulated by winter food availability in a small passerine.

In winter, a challenge to the immune system could pose a major energetic trade-off for small endotherms, whereby increasing body temperature (T ; i.e. eliciting fever) may be beneficial to fight off invading pathogens yet incur a cost for vital energy-saving mechanisms.

A machine learning model for prediction of 30-day primary graft failure after heart transplantation.

Background: Primary graft failure (PGF) remains the most common cause of short-term mortality after heart transplantation. The main objective was to develop and validate a risk model for prediction of short-term mortality due to PGF after heart transplantation using the ISHLT Heart Transplant Registry.

Methods: We developed a non-linear artificial neural networks (ANN) model to evaluate the association between recipient-donor variables and post-transplant PGF.

Interactive effects of rising temperatures and urbanisation on birds across different climate zones: A mechanistic perspective.

Climate change and urbanisation are among the most pervasive and rapidly growing threats to biodiversity worldwide. However, their impacts are usually considered in isolation, and interactions are rarely examined. Predicting species' responses to the combined effects of climate change and urbanisation, therefore, represents a pressing challenge in global change biology.

Impact of storage time prior to cryopreservation on mechanical properties of aortic homografts.

Optimal time spans in homograft procurement are still debatable among tissue banks and needs to be further investigated. Cell viability decreases at longer preparation intervals, but the effect on collagen and elastic fibers has not been investigated to the same extent. These fibers are of importance to the homograft elasticity and strength.