Early Restrictive vs Liberal Oxygen for Trauma Patients: The TRAUMOX2 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Early administration of supplemental oxygen for all severely injured trauma patients is recommended, but liberal oxygen treatment has been associated with increased risk of death and respiratory complications.

Objective: To determine whether an early 8-hour restrictive oxygen strategy compared with a liberal oxygen strategy in adult trauma patients would reduce death and/or major respiratory complications.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This randomized controlled trial enrolled adult trauma patients transferred directly to hospitals, triggering a full trauma team activation with an anticipated hospital stay of a minimum of 24 hours from December 7, 2021, to September 12, 2023.

Selective decontamination of the digestive tract in burn patients: Protocol for a systematic review.

Background: Nosocomial infections contribute significantly to mortality and morbidity in burn patients. Selective decontamination of the digestive tract is an infection prevention measure that has been shown to improve survival in mechanically ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients. It has been hypothesized that burn patients may benefit from selective decontamination of the digestive tract.

Impact of focused cardiac and lung ultrasound screening performed by a junior doctor during admission to the surgical ward on patients before emergency non-cardiac surgery: A pilot prospective observational study.

Purpose: To assess whether pre-operative focused cardiac ultrasound and lung ultrasound screening performed by a junior doctor can change diagnosis and clinical management of patients aged ≥65 years undergoing emergency, non-cardiac surgery.

Method: This pilot prospective observational study included patients scheduled for emergency, non-cardiac surgery. The treating team completed a diagnosis and management plan before and after focused cardiac and lung ultrasound, which was performed by a junior doctor.

The effect of early follow-up after open cardiac surgery in a student clinic.

. Readmission rates following open cardiac surgery are high, affecting patients and the cost of care. This study aimed to investigate the effect of early additional follow-up after open cardiac surgery when 5th-year medical students conducted follow-ups under the supervision of physicians.

Scoring systems in the prediction of atrial fibrillation recurrence after surgical ablation.

Introduction: More than every third patient experiences recurrent atrial fibrillation after surgical pulmonary vein ablation. However, it remains challenging to predict who will and who will not experience this event. Scoring systems containing baseline risk factors have been proposed as a complementary tool to identify patients at higher risk of experiencing atrial fibrillation recurrence.

Altered Cerebral Microstructure in Adults With Atrial Septal Defect and Ventricular Septal Defect Repaired in Childhood.

Background Delayed brain development, brain injury, and neurodevelopmental disabilities are commonly observed in infants operated for complex congenital heart defect. Our previous findings of poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes in individuals operated for simple congenital heart defects calls for further etiological clarification. Hence, we examined the microstructural tissue composition in cerebral cortex and subcortical structures in comparison to healthy controls and whether differences were associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Point-of-care lung ultrasound in the assessment of patients with COVID-19: A tutorial.

The adoption of point-of-care lung ultrasound for both suspected and confirmed COVID-19 patients highlights the issues of accessibility to ultrasound training and equipment. Lung ultrasound is more sensitive than chest radiography in detecting viral pneumonitis and preferred over computed tomography for reasons including its portability, reduced healthcare worker exposure and repeatability. The main lung ultrasound findings in COVID-19 patients are interstitial syndrome, irregular pleural line and subpleural consolidations.

Preoperative CHADS-VASc Score is Associated With Postoperative Survival Following Surgical Ablation Concomitantly With Other Cardiac Surgery.

Background: The CHADS-VASc scoring system has been shown to predict long-term outcomes in patients undergoing catheter ablation but has not yet been investigated for patients undergoing surgical ablation. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the ability of CHADS-VASc to predict long-term outcomes after surgical ablation.

Method: In a retrospective study, patients were included if they underwent surgical ablation concomitantly with other cardiac surgery.

Long-term neurodevelopmental effects of intraoperative blood pressure during surgical closure of a septal defect in infancy or early childhood.

Background: Many children born with congenital heart defects are faced with cognitive deficits and psychological challenges later in life. The mechanisms behind are suggested to be multifactorial and are explained as an interplay between innate and modifiable risk factors. The aim was to assess whether there is a relationship between mean arterial pressure during surgery of a septal defect in infancy or early childhood and intelligence quotient scores in adulthood.

Abnormal Left-Hemispheric Sulcal Patterns in Adults With Simple Congenital Heart Defects Repaired in Childhood.

Background Children operated on for a simple congenital heart defect (CHD) are at risk of neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Abnormal cortical development and folding have been observed in fetuses with CHD. We examined whether sulcal folding patterns in adults operated on for simple CHD in childhood differ from those of healthy controls, and whether such differences are associated with neuropsychological outcomes.

Echocardiographic parameters during prolonged targeted temperature Management in out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest Survivors to predict neurological outcome - a post-hoc analysis of the TTH48 trial.

Background: Transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) indices of myocardial function among survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) have been related to neurological outcome; however, results are inconsistent. We hypothesized that changes in average peak systolic mitral annular velocity (s') from 24 h (h) to 72 h following start of targeted temperature management (TTM) predict six-month neurological outcome in comatose OHCA survivors.

Methods: We investigated the association between peak systolic velocity of the mitral plane (s') and six-month neurological outcome in a population of 99 patients from a randomised controlled trial comparing TTM at 33 ± 1 °C for 24 h (h) (n = 47) vs.

Biatrial ablation vs. Pulmonary vein isolation in atrial fibrillation patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a retrospective study.

Surgical ablation is an established treatment for patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing cardiac surgery. This study aimed to compare postoperative rhythm outcomes and pacemaker implantation rates after biatrial ablation or pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) concomitantly with other cardiac surgery. In a retrospective study, we included patients who underwent biatrial ablation or PVI.

Discontinuation of anticoagulants after successful surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation.

Background: The decision of whether to continue oral anticoagulation therapy (OAT) after successful surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation is challenging, and current guidelines provide no specific recommendations on whether or not it is safe to terminate OAT. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess long-term outcomes in patients who either did or did not, receive OAT after surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation.

Methods: In a prospective follow-up study, patients were included if surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation concomitantly with other cardiac surgery was done, between 2004 and 2018 at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.

Neuropsychological Status and Structural Brain Imaging in Adults With Simple Congenital Heart Defects Closed in Childhood.

Background Neurodevelopmental impairments are common in survivors of complex congenital heart defects (CHD). We report neuropsychological and brain imaging assessments in adults operated for isolated septal defects. Methods and Results Patients (mean age 25.

Disappearance of the shunt and lower cardiac index during exercise in small, unrepaired ventricular septal defects.

Objectives: Clinical studies have revealed decreased exercise capacity in adults with small, unrepaired ventricular septal defects. Increasing shunt ratio and growing incompetence of the aortic and pulmonary valve with retrograde flow during exercise have been proposed as reasons for the previously found reduced exercise parameters. With MRI, haemodynamic shunt properties were measured during exercise in ventricular septal defects.

Cardiopulmonary dysfunction in adults with a small, unrepaired ventricular septal defect: A long-term follow-up.

Background: There are increasing reports of cardiac and exercise dysfunction in adults with small, unrepaired ventricular septal defects (VSDs). The primary aim of this study was to evaluate pulmonary function in adults with unrepaired VSDs, and secondly to assess the effects of 900 μg salbutamol on lung function and exercise capacity.

Methods: Young adult patients with small, unrepaired VSDs and healthy age- and gender-matched controls were included in a double-blinded, randomised, cross-over study.

Reduced biventricular contractility during exercise in adults with small, unrepaired ventricular septal defects: an echocardiographic study.

Objectives: Small ventricular septal defects are often considered to be without long-term haemodynamic consequences and so the majority remains unrepaired. However, we recently showed reduced functional capacity and altered right ventricular morphology in adults with small, unrepaired ventricular septal defects. The underlying mechanisms behind these findings remain unclear, and so, biventricular contractility during exercise was evaluated.

A randomized trial of desflurane or sevoflurane on postoperative quality of recovery after knee arthroscopy.

Background: Studies have described different recovery profiles of sevoflurane and desflurane typically early after surgery.

Methods: We conducted a randomized superiority trial to determine whether Overall Recovery 3 days after knee arthroscopy would be superior with desflurane. Adult participants undergoing knee arthroscopic surgery with general anesthesia were randomized to either desflurane or sevoflurane general anesthesia.

Heart rate variability is impaired in adults after closure of ventricular septal defect in childhood: A novel finding associated with right bundle branch block.

Background: Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) generally have benign long-term prognoses, but recent studies have indicated increased pulmonary vascular resistance. A potential tool for monitoring pulmonary artery pressure is heart rate variability, and therefore, the aim of this study was to assess heart rate variability in adults with a surgically repaired or unrepaired VSD.

Methods: In a long-term, follow-up study, three groups were included; VSD-patients operated in early childhood, patients with an open VSD, and controls.

The influence of prolonged intensive care stay on quality of life, recovery, and clinical outcomes following cardiac surgery: A prospective cohort study.

Objective: To examine the influence of prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay on quality of life and recovery following cardiac surgery.

Methods: Quality of life was assessed using the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF36). The Postoperative Quality of Recovery Scale was used to assess quality of recovery, disability, and cognition after ICU discharge over 12 months' follow-up.

Exercise performance after salbutamol inhalation in non-asthmatic, non-athlete individuals: a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial.

Background: Asthma is a frequent diagnosis in competitive sports, and inhaled β-agonists are commonly used by athletes. Although inhaled β-agonists do not seem to improve performance in athletes, it has remained uncertain whether they can increase exercise performance in non-athletes.

Objective: To investigate the effect of inhaled β-agonists on exercise performance in healthy non-athlete individuals.

Biventricular morphology in adults born with a ventricular septal defect.

Ventricular septal defects - large, surgically closed or small, untreated - have demonstrated lower peak exercise capacity compared with healthy controls. The mechanisms behind these findings are not yet fully understood. Therefore, we evaluated biventricular morphology in adults with a ventricular septal defect using MRI.