Quality indicators and development targets in the national clinical quality registries in cancer care and screening.

Background: The Danish clinical quality registries monitor and improve the quality of care, using quality indicators and defined development targets referred to as 'standards'. This study aims to investigate the fulfilment of standards in the Danish clinical quality registries in cancer care and screening.

Methods: Data was included from annual reports in the 27 Danish clinical quality registries in cancer care and screening.

Comprehensive genomic characterization of early-stage bladder cancer.

Understanding the molecular landscape of nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is essential to improve risk assessment and treatment regimens. We performed a comprehensive genomic analysis of patients with NMIBC using whole-exome sequencing (n = 438), shallow whole-genome sequencing (n = 362) and total RNA sequencing (n = 414). A large genomic variation within NMIBC was observed and correlated with different molecular subtypes.

The Effectiveness of Video Animations as a Tool to Improve Health Information Recall for Patients: Systematic Review.

Background: Access to clear and comprehensible health information is crucial for patient empowerment, leading to improved self-care, adherence to treatment plans, and overall health outcomes. Traditional methods of information delivery, such as written documents and oral communication, often result in poor memorization and comprehension. Recent innovations, such as animation videos, have shown promise in enhancing patient understanding, but comprehensive investigations into their effectiveness across various health care settings are lacking.

Inorganic bioelectric system for nitrate removal with low NO production at cold temperatures of 4 and 10 °C.

Groundwater, essential for ecological stability and freshwater supply, faces escalating nitrate contamination. Traditional biological methods struggle with organic carbon scarcity and low temperatures, leading to an urgent need to explore efficient approaches for groundwater remediation. In this work, we proposed an inorganic bioelectric system designed to confront these challenges.

Prevalence and incidence of mastocytosis in adults: a Danish nationwide register study.

Mastocytosis is a group of rare heterogeneous diseases with a prevalence previously found to be 10-23 per 100,000 persons. More awareness and improvements in the diagnostic methods in later years have led to more patients being diagnosed. Here, we set out to present the prevalence and incidence rate of mastocytosis among the adult Danish population.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: SORL1 encodes the retromer-associated receptor SORLA that functions in endosomal recycling. Rare variants in SORL1 have been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and rare pathogenic variants are estimated to occur in up to 2.75% of early onset AD patients and in 1.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Neuropathologically, AD stands out as a mixed proteinopathy. Beta-amyloid and tau biomarkers can now add in-vivo support to the AD diagnosis.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Seizures are highly comorbid with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We and others have demonstrated worsened pathological and cognitive outcomes in AD patients with seizure history and after seizure induction in AD mouse models. Central to AD progression is the spread of tau along neuronal connections, which can be modelled by intracerebral injection of human AD brain derived tau lysate (AD-tau), but whether seizures impact the spread of tau is unknown.

Invasive mechanical ventilation strategies, adjuvants treatments and adverse events among ICU patients with COVID-19 in Denmark.

Aim: To describe the use of invasive mechanical ventilation core strategies, adjuvant treatments and the occurrence of barotrauma and prolonged ventilation in ICU patients with COVID-19 in Denmark, retrospectively.

Methods: All ICUs admitting COVID-19 patients in Denmark from 10 March 2020 to 2 April 2021 were invited to participate. All patients with COVID-19 who received invasive mechanical ventilation were included and data was retrospectively collected from electronic patient records.

Inferring the demographic history of aye-ayes (Daubentonia madagascariensis) from high-quality, whole-genome, population-level data.

The nocturnal aye-aye, Daubentonia madagascariensis, is one of the most elusive lemurs on the island of Madagascar. The timing of its activity and arboreal lifestyle has generally made it difficult to obtain accurate assessments of population size using traditional census methods. Therefore, alternative estimates provided by population genetic inference are essential for yielding much needed information for conservation measures and for enabling ecological and evolutionary studies of this species.

Compliance with endocrine therapy among breast cancer survivors.

Introduction: Most postmenopausal women with early-stage oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer are allocated to five years of endocrine therapy. This treatment is not without adverse effects, which may lead to treatment discontinuation. This study aimed to assess compliance with endocrine therapy among postmenopausal women with early-stage oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer and examine its association with disease-free survival.

Effects of sex on imaging-based intravenous thrombolysis for ischaemic stroke with unknown onset time: a pooled analysis of clinical trials.

Introduction: The effects of imaging-based intravenous thrombolysis on outcomes based on patient sex remain unclear. We aimed to investigate whether outcomes among patients with stroke with an unknown onset time and treated with imaging-based intravenous thrombolysis are influenced by their sex.

Patients And Methods: This study was a pooled analysis of individual patient-level data acquired from the Evaluation of unknown Onset Stroke thrombolysis trials.

The cardio-metabolic protein profile is associated with development of type 2 diabetes at long term follow-up after gestational diabetes mellitus: Results from the OGFUS study.

Aims: Women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have an increased risk for later development of type 2 diabetes. During pregnancy, GDM affects the cardio-metabolic protein profile; however, it is unknown how GDM affects the cardio-metabolic protein profile in the long term and if it is associated with type 2 diabetes after GDM. We hypothesise that the cardio-metabolic protein profile is affected long term and is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes after GDM.

Effects of seven days' fasting on physical performance and metabolic adaptation during exercise in humans.

Humans have, throughout history, faced periods of starvation necessitating increased physical effort to gather food. To explore adaptations in muscle function, 13 participants (7 males and 6 females) fasted for seven days. They lost 4.

Pantothenate kinase 4 controls skeletal muscle substrate metabolism.

Metabolic flexibility in skeletal muscle is essential for maintaining healthy glucose and lipid metabolism, and its dysfunction is closely linked to metabolic diseases. Exercise enhances metabolic flexibility, making it an important tool for discovering mechanisms that promote metabolic health. Here we show that pantothenate kinase 4 (PanK4) is a new conserved exercise target with high abundance in muscle.

Machine Learning identifies remodeling patterns in human lung extracellular matrix.

Organ function depends on the three-dimensional integrity of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The structure resulting from the location and association of ECM components is a central regulator of cell behavior, but a dearth of matrix-specific analysis keeps it unresolved. Here, we deploy a high-resolution, 3D ECM mapping method and design a machine-learning powered pipeline to detect and characterize ECM architecture during health and disease.

Dissociation of adsorbates electronic energy transfer from aromatic thin films.

Photofragment translational spectroscopy has been used to characterize the energetics and the cross sections for photodissociation of CHI and CFI adsorbed on thin films of a variety of aromatic molecules, initiated by near-UV light. Thin films (nominally 10 monolayers) of benzene, five substituted benzenes and two naphthalenes have been employed to study systematic changes in the photochemical activity. Illumination of these systems with 248 nm light is found to result in a dissociation process for the CHI and CFI mediated by initial absorption in the aromatic thin film, followed by electronic energy transfer (EET) to the dissociating species.

Modeling immune checkpoint inhibitor associated myocarditis and its therapeutic implications.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis is the most lethal side effect of immune checkpoint blockade. Myocarditis leads to persistently increased mortality and lacks effective treatments. The development of patient-relevant disease models may enable disease prediction, increased understanding of disease pathophysiology, and the development of effective treatment strategies.

Binding mechanisms of intrinsically disordered proteins: Insights from experimental studies and structural predictions.

Advances in the characterization of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) have unveiled a remarkably complex and diverse interaction landscape, including coupled folding and binding, highly dynamic complexes, multivalent interactions, and even interactions between entirely disordered proteins. Here we review recent examples of IDP binding mechanisms elucidated by experimental techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer, and stopped-flow fluorescence. These techniques provide insights into the structural details of transition pathways and complex intermediates, and they capture the dynamics of IDPs within complexes.

Identifying predictors of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist use in hospital among adults with diabetes.

Aims: To identify factors associated with use of novel diabetes medications among patients hospitalized under general internal medicine.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) hospitalized in Ontario, Canada between 2015 and 2020. We evaluated the patient- and physician-level factors associated with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP1R) use using a multivariable logistic regression model.

Specialty Care Oases: Utilizing Geographic Information Systems to Evaluate Specialty Care Access for Individuals With Down Syndrome.

Down syndrome is a chromosomal condition occurring in about 220,000 individuals in the United States. Previous research showed almost 1 in 5 individuals with Down syndrome in the U.S.

Optimized chelator and nanoparticle strategies for high-activity Pd-loaded biodegradable brachytherapy seeds.

Background: Brachytherapy (BT) is routinely used in the treatment of various cancers. Current BT relies on the placement of large sources of radioactivity at the tumor site, requiring applicators that may cause local traumas and lesions. Further, they suffer from inflexibility in where they can be placed and some sources reside permanently in the body, causing potential long-term discomfort.

Mandatory surveillance of bacteremia conducted by automated monitoring.

Except for a few countries, comprehensive all-cause surveillance for bacteremia is not part of mandatory routine public health surveillance. We argue that time has come to include automated surveillance for bacteremia in the national surveillance systems, and explore diverse approaches and challenges in establishing bacteremia monitoring. Assessed against proposed criteria, surveillance for bacteremia should be given high priority.

Evaluating general practitioners' focused lung ultrasound competence and findings in patients with suspected community-acquired pneumonia in general practice.

Objectives: To evaluate general practitioners' (GPs') ability to perform focused lung ultrasound (FLUS) following a training program and assess FLUS feasibility in general practice. Also, to describe FLUS findings and evaluate GPs' ability to interpret these in adults with acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) when pneumonia is suspected and assess GPs' perception of FLUS impact.

Methods: Nine GPs, using point-of-care ultrasound, completed a FLUS training program.