Cardiac sequelae in athletes following COVID-19 vaccination: evidence and misinformation.

The recognition of myocarditis as a rare side effect of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination has sparked a global debate on vaccine safety, especially in the realm of sports. The main proposed mechanisms in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination-associated myocarditis (C-VAM) are based on the activation of the innate- and adaptive immune system against a susceptible immune-genetic background, including the recognition of mRNA as an antigen by the immune system, molecular mimicry between SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and cardiac tissue antigens and inflammatory sex-hormone signalling. The relatively younger age of the athlete population hypothetically constellates an increased risk of C-VAM.

Cross-sectional assessment of haemostatic profile and hepatic dysfunction in Fontan patients.

Background: Fontan-associated liver disease is accompanied by a hypercoagulable state. While hepatic dysfunction in Fontan patients is common, its relationship with haemostatic changes and clinical outcomes in this patient population remains unclear.

Objective: To correlate liver dysfunction and haemostatic profiles with clinical outcomes in the Fontan population.