Implant Placement in a Patient with Thyromegaly Associated with Graves Disease.

Oral health care providers should obtain comprehensive medical records from patients with hyperthyroidism before dental treatments. Graves disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. Untreated hyperthyroidism can lead to dangerous adverse effects, such as coma or death.

Common Dental and Periodontal Diseases.

Oral health is a critical component of overall health and well-being. Dental caries and periodontitis are two of the most common oral diseases and, when not treated, can have irreversible sequelae and overall psychosocial and physiologic impact on individuals, diminishing quality of life. The burden of advanced dental caries and periodontal disease leading to tooth loss is severe.

Mucocutaneous Diseases: Oral Lichen Planus, Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid and Pemphigus Vulgaris.

Mucocutaneous diseases affect the oral cavity and can present a diagnostic challenge. They can have systemic involvement, necessitating multidisciplinary management. Frequently, patients will see their general dentists initially for evaluation.

Multiple Oral Mucosal Hamartomas in a 34-Year Old Female.

A case of Cowden syndrome (CS) is described in a 34-year-old African American female who reported a history of breast and thyroid malignancies. Clinical examination demonstrated multiple soft, white-pink papules across multiple mucosal surfaces of the oral cavity. Microscopy of the lesions revealed hyperkeratotic surface squamous epithelium with papillomatosis and acanthosis along with elongated rete processes.

Common dental and periodontal diseases: evaluation and management.

Physicians may encounter patients with dental and periodontal diseases in the context of outpatient medical practice. It is important for physicians to be aware of common dental and periodontal conditions and be able to assess for the presence and severity of these diseases. This article reviews common dental and periodontal conditions, their cardinal signs and symptoms, outpatient-setting assessment techniques, as well as common methods of treatment.

Treatment strategies for oropharyngeal candidiasis.

Background: Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) is a common oral disease that may cause oral symptoms, lead to regional infection (e.g., esophageal candidiasis) and increase the risk of systemic fungal infection in the compromised host.

Reducing the risk of aspiration pneumonia among elderly patients in long-term care facilities through oral health interventions.

Aspiration pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality of elderly residents in long-term care facilities. The microflora present in the oral cavity because of poor oral hygiene has been associated with aspiration pneumonia. There is evidence that improved oral care can reduce the risk of developing aspiration pneumonia in the elderly.

Management of oral infections in cancer patients.

The myelosuppressive and mucosal-damaging consequences of cancer and cancer therapies place patients at high risk for developing infectious complications. Bacterial, fungal, and viral infections are all commonly encountered in the oral cavity, contributing to both morbidity and mortality in this patient population. Prevention, early and definitive diagnosis, and appropriate management are critical to ensure optimal treatment outcomes.

Fibromyalgia: an update for oral health care providers.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a syndrome characterized by chronic widespread pain, stiffness, nonrestorative sleep, fatigue, and comorbid conditions. Fibromyalgia has undergone a major paradigm shift in recent years. It is no longer considered a musculoskeletal disorder per se; rather, it represents one end of a spectrum of disorders characterized by chronic widespread pain.

Influenza parotitis: a case from the 2004 to 2005 vaccine shortage.

We report a case of acute parotitis due to influenza A in which, unlike other published cases, the diagnosis was confirmed by demonstration of subtyped influenza A, serological evidence of mumps immunity, and full recovery without antibiotic treatment. In the United States, acute infectious parotitis was historically caused primarily by symptomatic paramyxovirus (mumps) infections, but because of the near-universal administration of the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine, other infectious and noninfectious etiologies now predominate. We discuss the differential diagnosis and therapeutic and public health considerations of parotitis and influenza.

Bullous amyloidosis of the oral cavity: a rare clinical presentation and review.

Bullous amyloidosis (BA) is a rare cutaneous manifestation primarily of systemic amyloidosis, a disease in which abnormal proteinaceous material is formed and deposited in response to inflammatory conditions and plasma cell dyscrasias. Hemorrhagic bullae indicative of BA are usually associated with purpura and may be the initial clinical signs of systemic amyloidosis or monoclonal gammopathies, such as multiple myeloma and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. Bullous amyloidosis of the oral cavity is highly uncommon and can mimic other vesiculobullous lesions of the oral mucosa.

Dental erosion related to alcoholism and an eating disorder: a case report.

Dental erosion has been reported in the literature with particular attention to etiology and diagnosis of the disorder. Unfortunately, little information exists to guide dental professionals in treatment planning predictable restorative outcomes for this patient population. This case report describes a unique presentation of severe dental erosion related to alcoholism and an eating disorder.

The management of oral human papillomavirus with topical cidofovir: a case report.

Cidofovir, a purine nucleotide analog of cytosine, has showed significant promise against a number of DNA viruses. In 1997, the US Food and Drug Administration approved the use of cidofovir intravenously in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Recent studies and reports suggest that a topical form of cidofovir may be useful for treating viral cutaneous lesions recalcitrant to traditional treatments.