Assessing the effect of soil cultivation methods and genotypes on crop yield components, yield and soil properties in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Rice (Oryza sativa L.) cropping system.

Background: The rice-wheat cropping system is the prevailing agricultural method in the North-Western states of India, namely in the Indo-Gangetic plains. The practice of open burning of rice residue is frequently employed for expedient land preparation, but it has significant adverse impacts on both the environment and human health. These include the emission of greenhouse gases, loss of nutrients, elevated concentrations of particulate matter (PM), and disruption of the biological cycle.

Parametric investigation of W-EDM factors for machining AM60B conductive biomaterial.

Wire-electrical discharge machining (W-EDM) is a precise and efficient non-traditional technology employed to cut intricate shapes in conductive biomaterials. These biomaterials are challenging to machine using traditional methods. This present study delves into the impact of various process parameters, namely discharge duration (D), spark gap time (S), discharge voltage (D), and wire advance rate rate (W).

A critical evaluation of pictogram based patient information leaflet on hypothyroidism patients with metabolic syndrome: a visual approach to enhance health literacy.

Introduction: Hypothyroidism is a condition with an underactive thyroid gland. Since thyroid hormones play a significant role in metabolism, hypothyroidism is often associated with metabolic syndrome. Thus, the patient's awareness regarding metabolic syndrome is crucial.

Revelations on photosystem II, thermoluminescence, and artificial photosynthesis: a retrospective of Govindjee from fundamentals to applications.

Photosynthesis, as one of the most important chemical reactions, has powered our planet for over four billion years on a massive scale. This review summarizes and highlights the major contributions of Govindjee from fundamentals to applications in photosynthesis. His research included primary photochemistry measurements, in the picosecond time scale, in both Photosystem I and II and electron transport leading to NADP reduction, using two light reactions.

Systematic underestimation of human hand weight.

According to Newton's laws, the weight of a body part is equal to its mass times gravitational acceleration. Our experience of body part weight, however, is constructed by the central nervous system. No sensory receptors directly specify the weight of body parts, and the factors influencing perceived weight remain unknown.

Environment friendly emerging techniques for the treatment of waste biomass: a focus on microwave and ultrasonication processes.

In the recent past, an increasing interest is mostly observed in using microwave and ultrasonic irradiation to aid the biological conversion of waste materials into value-added products. This study is focused on various individual impacts of microwaves and ultrasonic waves for the treatment of biomass before the synthesis of value-added products. Following, a comprehensive review of the mechanisms governing microwaves and ultrasonication as the treatment methods, their effects on biomass disruption, solubilization of organic matter, modification of the crystalline structure, enzymatic hydrolysis and production of reducing sugars was performed.

Evaluation of psychometric properties of a leaflet developed for schizophrenia.

Background: Patients with severe mental illnesses like schizophrenia may benefit from a variety of patient education materials. Despite the availability of various resources, it is essential to assess the extent to which patients can comprehend the materials provided.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the reliability and readability of the patient information leaflet (PIL) for schizophrenia.

Continuously perfusable, customisable, and matrix-free vasculature on a chip platform.

Creating vascularised cellular environments is a current challenge in tissue engineering and a bottleneck towards developing functional stem cell-derived microtissues for regenerative medicine and basic investigations. Here we have developed a new workflow to manufacture vasculature on chip (VoC) systems efficiently, quickly, and inexpensively. We have employed 3D printing for fast-prototyping of bespoke VoC and coupled them with a refined organotypic culture system (OVAA) to grow patent capillaries using tissue-specific endothelial and stromal cells.

Impact of education on the knowledge, attitude and practice of disposal of expired and unused medications among pharmacy students.

Objective: To assess the impact of education among pharmacy students on their level of knowledge, attitude and practices in the disposal of expired and unused medications.

Materials And Methods: A pre-test post-test study without control group was conducted in which a total of 573 students pursuing Bachelor of Pharmacy and Doctor of Pharmacy programmes were enrolled. The impact of education provided was analysed with the aid of a previously validated KAP questionnaire.

Scale-up of HIV index testing in an urban population: Experiences and achievements from Nairobi County, Kenya.

Objective: To describe the implementation strategies of the index testing program across Nairobi County in Kenya, assess outcomes along the HIV index testing cascade (acceptance, elicitation ratio, HIV positivity and linkage to treatment), and assess annual changes along the HIV index testing cascade during the first 2 years of implementation.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of programmatic aggregate data collected from October 2017 to September 2019 after the roll-out of index testing services in 48 health facilities in Nairobi County. Proportions and ratios were calculated for acceptance, elicitation ratio, testing uptake and HIV positivity.

Updates on biomedical waste management during COVID-19: The Indian scenario.

Biomedical waste poses various health and environmental hazards. Hence, it should be handled with the utmost care and disposed off safely. Several lacunas exist in the management of biomedical waste in India, and the pandemic posed by the coronavirus has made it even more challenging.

Age-stratified adeno-associated virus serotype 3 neutralizing and total antibody prevalence in hemophilia A patients from India.

Gene therapy using an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector offers a new treatment option for individuals with monogenetic disorders. The major bottleneck is the presence of pre-existing anti-AAV antibodies, which impacts its use. Even very low titers of neutralizing antibodies (NAb) to capsids from natural AAV infections have been reported to inhibit the transduction of intravenously administered AAV in animal models and are associated with limited efficacy in human trials.

Stability Analysis and Heterotic Studies in Maize ( L.) Inbreds to Develop Hybrids With Low Phytic Acid and High-Quality Protein.

Maize is a major staple crop with high value as food and feed in the poultry sector. Considering the overall nutritional value, maize-based diets comprise two major constraints, i.e.

Embryonal carcinoma metastasis from pure testicular teratoma mimicking a complex renal cyst.

Teratoma is frequently found in mixed germ cell testicular tumors in up to 80% of cases, but as a pure component it is reported in only 2-6% of cases. Metastatic disease may be seen in 29-76% of these cases in the adult population. We present the case of a 32 year old male patient diagnosed with a pure testicular teratoma in clinical stage I and a right renal cyst Bosniak IIF, as part of treatment he received chemotherapy, during which, radiological changes were observed at the level of renal cyst suggesting metastatic tumor.

High-Throughput Screening at the Membrane Interface Reveals Inhibitors of Amyloid-β.

Aggregation and the formation of oligomeric intermediates of amyloid-β (Aβ) at the membrane interface of neuronal cells are implicated in the cellular toxicity and pathology of Alzheimer's disease. Small molecule compounds have been shown to suppress amyloid aggregation and cellular toxicity, but often the presence of a lipid membrane negates their activity. A high-throughput screen of 1800 small molecules was performed to search for membrane active inhibitors, and 21 primary hits were discovered.

Bilateral wunderlich syndrome secondary to synchronous bilateral testicular germ cell tumor. A case report.

Testicular cancer accounts for 1% of male neoplasms, the most common histology is bilateral presentation is reported in 1-2% of cases, and germ cell tumor histology represents 90-95% of cases. Especifically, choriocarcinoma as a pure component represents 0.3-1% of these neoplasms and as a mixed component, 8%.

Differential expression of nucleostemin in the cytoplasm and nuclei of normal and cancerous cell lines.

Studies conducted in the past decade have reported nucleostemin (NS) as a nucleolar protein that has a role in self-renewal and cell cycle regulation in cancer/stem cells, but is absent in differentiated cells. The localization and expression patterns of NS have always been disputed, as reports indicate its varied levels among tissues and cells. This study evaluates the expression and localization pattern of NS in normal cells, cancer cell lines, and stem cells.

Marker-aided selection and validation of various gene combinations for rice blast resistance in elite rice variety ADT 43.

Rice blast caused by fungal pathogen has a major impact on reducing yield potential of rice. In this study, homozygous plants were selected using microsatellite markers from the BCF population pyramided with four major genes in elite rice variety ADT 43. Background and selected lines with various blast resistance gene combinations were screened under natural conditions to study the effects of various gene combinations.

Predictive Value of Serum Myoglobin and Creatine Phosphokinase for Development of Acute Kidney Injury in Traumatic Rhabdomyolysis.

Introduction: Rhabdomyolysis (RM) is a condition where there is injury to striated muscle fibers causing release of myoglobin, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and other intracellular contents into the circulation. High myoglobin levels cause acute kidney injury (AKI). Trauma is the most common cause of RM and development of complications related to the degree of myoglobin released.

Dysregulation of Specialized Delay/Interference-Dependent Working Memory Following Loss of Dysbindin-1A in Schizophrenia-Related Phenotypes.

Dysbindin-1, a protein that regulates aspects of early and late brain development, has been implicated in the pathobiology of schizophrenia. As the functional roles of the three major isoforms of dysbindin-1, (A, B, and C) remain unknown, we generated a novel mutant mouse, dys-1A, with selective loss of dysbindin-1A and investigated schizophrenia-related phenotypes in both males and females. Loss of dysbindin-1A resulted in heightened initial exploration and disruption in subsequent habituation to a novel environment, together with heightened anxiety-related behavior in a stressful environment.

Synthetic Lethal Targeting of ARID1A-Mutant Ovarian Clear Cell Tumors with Dasatinib.

New targeted approaches to ovarian clear cell carcinomas (OCCC) are needed, given the limited treatment options in this disease and the poor response to standard chemotherapy. Using a series of high-throughput cell-based drug screens in OCCC tumor cell models, we have identified a synthetic lethal (SL) interaction between the kinase inhibitor dasatinib and a key driver in OCCC, ARID1A mutation. Imposing ARID1A deficiency upon a variety of human or mouse cells induced dasatinib sensitivity, both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that this is a robust synthetic lethal interaction.

Biliary Cystadenoma: A Case Report.

Biliary cystadenoma is a rare cystic neoplasms of liver that usually occurs in middle-aged women characterized by multiloculated cysts with internal septae and mural nodules. Unilocular biliary cystadenomas are rare and are difficult to differentiate from other cysts by radiology. Biliary cystadenomas are slow growing benign lesions that are easily resectable with a reported recurrence rate of 90% when the resection is incomplete.