Depression Moderates the Relationship Between Pain and the Nonmedical Use of Opioid Medication Among Adult Outpatients.

Background: The nonmedical use of prescription medication among US adults is a growing public health problem. Healthcare providers should proactively address this problem in outpatient encounters.

Objective: We sought to understand the interactive effects among prescription drugs, pain, and psychiatric symptoms among adult outpatients to build an empirical foundation for comprehensive screening.

Who's your expert? Use of an expert opinion survey to inform development of American Psychiatric Association practice guidelines.

Objective: For many clinical questions in psychiatry, high-quality evidence is lacking. Credible practice guidelines for such questions depend on transparent, reproducible, and valid methods for assessing expert opinion. The objective of this study was to develop and demonstrate the feasibility of a method for assessing expert opinion to aid in the development of practice guidelines by the American Psychiatric Association (APA).

Direct-care staff body mass index in a state mental hospital: staff obesity may impair role modeling for patients.

Introduction: Direct-care staff at institutions providing long-term care serve as both caretakers and role models for their patients. The authors report a second study showing that major portions of such direct-care staff have significant problems themselves with overweight and obesity. This may be another changeable factor in the complex dynamics governing overweight and obesity among patients with chronic mental illness.

Body mass index (BMI) in newly admitted child and adolescent psychiatric inpatients.

Introduction: Obesity is a major problem among children and adolescents suffering from chronic mental illness. State-of-the-art measures such as body mass index (BMI) and growth-related weight charts are now readily available to clinicians and investigators interested in psychotropic drug-associated weight gain in the pediatric population. However, no reports that utilize such measures in large series of children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders are available.

Body image and attitude toward obesity in an historically black university.

Introduction: The obesity epidemic is a major problem in the United States, particularly among black women. Body image and attitudes toward obesity are important areas to understand and address in any comprehensive approach to this epidemic.

Methods: From an initial evaluation of 200 college students (25 male and 25 female freshmen, sophomores, juniors and seniors each) attending an historically black university, we selected those students who identified themselves as black for data analysis (n = 191).

Application of body mass index principles in a model elementary school: implications for overweight and obese children.

The first model elementary school in Richmond, VA formed the study site for this project. Changes in this model will lay the groundwork for changes throughout the Richmond Public School System. Of the 283 students in grades one through five, 66 students (23.