Performing various perceptual actions elicits differentiable P300 responses.

Several studies have explored the differentiation of visual action verbs (e.g., see, perceive, and notice).

Examining the Utility of the New Raney Vocabulary Measure Alongside the WAIS-III.

Psychometric tests related to vocabulary assessments are, for the most part, restricted in their use by trained professionals and/or are costly. These restrictions limit their use, especially for research purposes. To circumvent these limitations, the Raney Vocabulary Measure was created for assessing vocabulary proficiency, specifically for research purposes.

Sex and Genetic Background Influence Superoxide Dismutase (cSOD)-Related Phenotypic Variation in .

Mutations often have drastically different effects in different genetic backgrounds; understanding a gene's biological function then requires an understanding of its interaction with genetic diversity. The antioxidant enzyme cytosolic copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (cSOD) catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide radical, a molecule that can induce oxidative stress if its concentration exceeds cellular control. Accordingly, lacking functional cSOD exhibit a suite of phenotypes including decreased longevity, hypersensitivity to oxidative stress, impaired locomotion, and reduced NADP(H) enzyme activity in males.

The use of the Duchenne marker and symmetry of the expression in the judgment of smiles in schizophrenia.

Research has recurrently shown that individuals with schizophrenia have impairments in emotional facial recognition and this deficit has been associated with aberrant visual scanning of the face. Because human beings have the ability to control the expression of emotion, the communication process becomes more complex. The goal of the current study was to conduct a systematic examination of the response pattern and perceptual-attentional processing in distinguishing smiles with the presence and absence of the Duchenne marker and symmetry and asymmetry of the activation in individuals with schizophrenia.

Distinction between fear and surprise: an interpretation-independent test of the perceptual-attentional limitation hypothesis.

The perceptual-attentional limitation hypothesis posits that the confusion between emotional facial expressions of fear and surprise may be due to their visual similarity, with shared muscle movements. In Experiment 1 full face images of fear and surprise varying as a function of distinctiveness (mouth index, brow index, or both indices) were displayed in a gender oddball task. Experiment 2, in a similar task, directed attention toward the eye or mouth region with a blurring technique.

Using Implicit Instructional Cues to Influence False Memory Induction.

Previous research has shown that explicit cues specific to the encoding process (endogenous) or characteristic of the stimuli themselves (exogenous) can be used to direct a reader's attentional resources towards either relational or item-specific information. By directing attention to relational information (and therefore away from item-specific information) the rate of false memory induction can be increased. The purpose of the current study was to investigate if a similar effect would be found by manipulating implicitly endogenous cues.

Do you 'see' what I 'see'? Differentiation of visual action words.

Dickinson and Szeligo (Can J Exp Psychol 62(4):211-222, 2008) found that processing time for simple visual stimuli was affected by the visual action participants had been instructed to perform on these stimuli (e.g., see, distinguish).

Impact of mental operation instructions.

Experiments were conducted to test the impact of embedding mental action verbs within instructions. Experiment 1 examined the instructional effects of these verbs on response time to a visual stimulus. Significant response time differences resulted from instructing participants to engage in different mental actions.