Sex cord ovarian tumours over 10 years: a retrospective analysis of clinicopathological profile and outcome.

Objectives: To retrospectively describe the clinicopathological profile and treatment outcome of sex cord ovarian tumours (SCOTs), from a single institution.

Methods: Patients who operated for SCOT between January 2011 and December 2020 were identified from the institution's discharge summaries. Treatment details and oncologic outcomes were analyzed using descriptive statistics, SPSS statistics version 21.

Analysis of the effect of baseline detection and early clearance of ct-DNA, on survival outcomes among patients with advanced EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: To determine if circulating tumor DNA (ct-DNA) dynamics of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation in plasma can identify a subset of patients with EGFR-mutant (EGFR- m) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with inferior survival outcomes, we analyzed and compared survival outcomes among patients with and without baseline presence and early clearance of EGFR ct-DNA in plasma.

Material And Methods: For 66 patients newly dia-gnosed with EGFR- m NSCLC, plasma samples were collected at baseline and 1st response assessment at 12-24 weeks for extraction of ct-DNA. Estimation of ct-DNA (EGFR exons 18, 19, 20 and 21) was done using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (dd-PCR) on the QX200 ddPCR system (BioRad, USA).

Anti-phosphohistone H3 (PHH3) as a proliferation marker to assess mitotic activity and to grade neuroendocrine neoplasms of hepatopancreaticobiliary (HPB) system.

Background: The world health organization (WHO) classification of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs, i.e. neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs)) of the gastrointestinal system involves grading of these tumors by mitotic count (i.

Hierarchical looping results in extreme extensibility of silk fibre composites produced by Southern house spiders ().

Spider silk is a tough and versatile biological material combining high tensile strength and extensibility through nanocomposite structure and its nonlinear elastic behaviour. Notably, spiders rarely use single silk fibres in isolation, but instead process them into more complex composites, such as silk fibre bundles, sheets and anchorages, involving a combination of spinneret, leg and body movements. While the material properties of single silk fibres have been extensively studied, the mechanical properties of silk composites and meta-structures are poorly understood and exhibit a hereto largely untapped potential for the bio-inspired design of novel fabrics with outstanding mechanical properties.

Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of Topical Capsaicin for Delayed Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting.

Purpose: We examined the efficacy of topical capsaicin in reducing delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV).

Methods: Adults on highly emetogenic chemotherapy regimens applied 2 g of capsaicin ointment (0.075%) or matching placebo four times a day to the abdomen for 5 days in addition to standard antiemetic regimen in this blinded randomized controlled trial.

Can Pretreatment MRI and Planning CT Radiomics Improve Prediction of Complete Pathological Response in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Following Neoadjuvant Treatment?

Objective(s): The treatment response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) differs largely in individuals treated for rectal cancer. In this study, we investigated the role of radiomics to predict the pathological response in locally advanced rectal cancers at different treatment time points: (1) before the start of any treatment using baseline T2-weighted MRI (T2W-MR) and (2) at the start of radiation treatment using planning CT.

Methods: Patients on nCRT followed by surgery between June 2017 to December 2019 were included in the study.

Survival outcomes of postchemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for nonseminomatous germ cell tumors: A retrospective cohort study from a single tertiary center in South India.

Introduction: Chemotherapy, postchemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (pcRPLND), and metastasectomy remain the standard of care for the management of advanced nonseminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT).

Methods: We retrospectively studied 73 patients who had pcRPLND at a single tertiary-care center (2003-2022). Surgical and clinicopathological features and oncological outcomes are presented.

The BRCA mutation spectrum among breast and ovarian cancers in India: highlighting the need to screen BRCA1 185delAG among South Indians.

Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 significantly elevate the risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer. Limited data exists regarding the prevalence of BRCA mutations, and optimal, cost-effective testing strategies in developing countries like India. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of a Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) panel for BRCA1/2 mutation testing among women diagnosed with, or at risk of developing hereditary breast and ovarian cancers.

Survival outcomes of epithelial ovarian cancer treated at a tertiary-level hospital in India.

Background: One needs to choose wisely between primary neoadjuvant chemotherapy and primary cytoreductive surgery in ovarian cancer. The aim was to determine the recurrence free survival and overall survival after surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer and also the risk factors for recurrence and death.

Methods: Electronic medical records of 322 women operated for ovarian, fallopian or primary peritoneal cancer between 2011 and 2015table were reviewed.

Definitive Surgery after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Oral Cavity Cancers: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center.

Mansi AgrawalVidya Konduru  Oral cavity cancers require definitive surgical resection as the primary treatment, but with advanced T stage, complete resection with pathologically negative margins might be difficult to achieve. Induction chemotherapy helps achieve the balance between resection and morbidity in locally advanced technically unresectable tumors. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of surgery in locally advanced, technically unresectable oral cavity cancers after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).

Comparative analysis of mutational patterns in triple negative breast cancer before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with residual disease.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease with poor survival compared to other subtypes. Patients with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) face an increased risk of relapse and death. We aimed to characterize the mutational landscape of this subset to offer insights into relapse pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.

Dose-Dense Docetaxel-Cyclophosphamide and Epirubicin-Cisplatin(ddDCEP): Analysis of an Alternative Platinum-Containing Regimen in 116 Patients with Early Triple Negative Breast Cancer.

We assessed the efficacy, tolerability, and cost-effectiveness of a novel neoadjuvant regimen comprising docetaxel-cyclophosphamide alternating with epirubicin-cisplatin (ddDCEP) administered biweekly for 16 weeks in 116 patients with early triple-negative breast cancer. This regimen achieved a high pathological complete response (ypT0/TisN0) rate of 55.2% and favorable survival outcomes (30-month event-free survival, 91.

Evaluation of an established colorectal robotic programme at an NHS district general hospital: audit of outcomes and systematic review of published data.

Introduction: Robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) offers potential advantages over traditional surgical approaches. This study aimed to assess outcomes from a district general hospital (DGH) robotic colorectal programme against published data.

Materials And Methods: The robotic programme was established following simulator, dry/wet lab training, and proctoring.

Robustness of antiadhesion between nanofibers and surfaces covered with nanoripples of varying spatial period.

Since nanofibers have a high surface-to-volume ratio, van der Waals forces render them attracted to virtually any surface. The high ratio provides significant advantages for applications in drug delivery, wound healing, tissue regeneration, and filtration. Cribellate spiders integrate thousands of nanofibers into their capture threads as an adhesive to immobilize their prey.

High efficacy of chlorfenapyr-based net Interceptor G2 against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors from Cameroon.

Background: The increasing reports of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides associated with reduced efficacy of pyrethroid-only interventions highlight the urgency of introducing new non-pyrethroid-only control tools. Here, we investigated the performance of piperonyl-butoxide (PBO)-pyrethroid [Permanet 3.0 (P3.

Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) with Full Dose Concurrent Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Adenocarcinoma Including Signet Ring and Mucinous Cancers.

Purpose: Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) with pre-operative chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy results in improved survival and is becoming the new standard of care in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). We describe our experience with TNT consisting of induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiotherapy using full dose 5FU without oxaliplatin.

Methods: Adults with biopsy-proven, newly diagnosed LARC with high-risk characteristics on pelvic MRI (T4a or T4b, extramural vascular invasion, N2, mesorectal fascia involvement, enlargement/tumor deposits on lateral lymph nodes) were included.

White kidney bean extract as a nutraceutical: effects on gut microbiota, alpha-amylase inhibition, and user experiences.

White kidney bean extract (WKBE) is a nutraceutical often advocated as an anti-obesity agent. The main proposed mechanism for these effects is alpha-amylase inhibition, thereby slowing carbohydrate digestion and absorption. Thus, it is possible that WKBE could impact the gut microbiota and modulate gut health.

Endoscopic radiofrequency Stretta therapy reduces proton pump inhibitor dependency and the need for anti-reflux surgery for refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Background/aims: Radiofrequency treatment of the gastroesophageal junction using the Stretta procedure for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is observed to improve the symptoms and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) dependence and reduce the need for anti-reflux operations. As one of the largest studies in Europe, we evaluated the clinical outcomes of Stretta in patients with medically refractory GERD.

Methods: A tertiary UK center evaluated all patients with refractory GERD who underwent Stretta between 2014 and 2022.

Histological prognosticators in neoadjuvant naive oesophageal cancer patients.

Purpose: Prognosis of oesophageal cancer is primarily based upon the TNM stage of the disease. However, even in those with similar TNM staging, survival can be varied. Additional histopathological factors including venous invasion (VI), lymphatic invasion (LI) and perineural invasion (PNI) have been identified as prognostic markers yet are not part of TNM classification.

End-of-Treatment FDG PET-CT (EOT-PET) in Patients with Post-Chemotherapy Masses for Seminoma: Can We Avoid Further Intervention?

Anjana Joel  Patients with seminoma present with advanced disease. End-of-treatment (EOT) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) is done to assess response and direct management of post-chemotherapy residual masses.  This article assesses the utility of EOT PET-CT in the management of post-chemotherapy residual lymph nodal masses seminoma.

Physico-chemical properties of functionally adhesive spider silk nanofibres.

Currently, synthetic fibre production focuses primarily on high performance materials. For high performance fibrous materials, such as silks, this involves interpreting the structure-function relationship and downsizing to a smaller scale to then harness those properties within synthetic products. Spiders create an array of fibres that range in size from the micrometre to nanometre scale.

Growing Teratoma Syndrome-A Clinicoradiological Series.

 Growing teratoma syndrome (GTS) is a rare entity seen following chemotherapy for metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors, characterized by increase in size of the metastatic deposits, with normal serum tumor markers.  In this article, we aim to describe the various clinicoradiological presentations of GTS treated at our center.  All patients who satisfied the GTS criteria from 2001 to 2019 were included.

Change of mechanical characteristics in spider silk capture threads after contact with prey.

Most spiders rely on specialized capture threads to subdue prey. Cribellate spiders use capture threads, whose adhesion is based on thousands of nanofibers instead of specialized glue. The nanofibers adhere due to van der Waals and hygroscopic forces, but the adhesion is strengthened by an interaction with the cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) covering almost all insects.