Propensity Matched Analysis of del Nido Cardioplegia in Adult Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Initial Experience With 100 Consecutive Patients.

Background: Del Nido cardioplegia (DC) offers prolonged cardiac protection with single-dose administration and has had a long safety record in pediatric cardiac surgery. However, its application in the adult population has thus far been limited. We evaluated the efficacy of cardiac protection and clinical outcomes of DC vs blood cardioplegia (BC) in adult coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients.

Dopamine D₂ receptor modulation of human response inhibition and error awareness.

Response inhibition, comprising action cancellation and action restraint, and error awareness are executive functions of considerable clinical relevance to neuropsychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, our understanding of their underlying catecholamine mechanisms, particularly regarding dopamine, is limited. Here, we used the dopamine D2 agonist cabergoline to study its ability to improve inhibitory control and modulate awareness of performance errors.

Attentional asymmetries in a visual orienting task are related to temperament.

Spatial asymmetries are an intriguing feature of directed attention. Recent observations indicate an influence of temperament upon the direction of these asymmetries. It is unknown whether this influence generalises to visual orienting behaviour.

Neurochemical enhancement of conscious error awareness.

How the brain monitors ongoing behavior for performance errors is a central question of cognitive neuroscience. Diminished awareness of performance errors limits the extent to which humans engage in corrective behavior and has been linked to loss of insight in a number of psychiatric syndromes (e.g.

Methylphenidate but not atomoxetine or citalopram modulates inhibitory control and response time variability.

Background: Response inhibition is a prototypical executive function of considerable clinical relevance to psychiatry. Nevertheless, our understanding of its pharmacological modulation remains incomplete.

Methods: We used a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design to examine the effect of an acute dose of methylphenidate (MPH) (30 mg), atomoxetine (ATM) (60 mg), citalopram (CIT) (30 mg), and placebo (PLAC) (dextrose) on the stop signal inhibition task in 24 healthy, right-handed men 18-35 years of age.