Objective: To investigate the effects of external ankle support (EAS) on lower extremity joint mechanics and vertical ground-reaction forces (VGRF) during drop landings.
Design: A 1 x 3 repeated-measures, crossover design.
Setting: Biomechanics research laboratory.
Study Design: A 3 x 2 repeated-measures design was used. The independent variables were transducer velocity (2-3 cm/s, 4-5 cm/s, and 7-8 cm/s) and time (pretreatment and posttreatment).
Objective: To determine if transducer velocity of a 1-MHz ultrasound treatment affects intramuscular tissue temperature.
Context: The amount of retained ankle flexibility gains and the effects of diathermy on those gains are unclear.
Objective: To determine the retention of flexibility 3 weeks after an 18-day stretching regime and the effect of pulsed, shortwave diathermy on that retention.
Design: We used a 2x4 factorial with repeated measures on day (1, 19, 24, and 39).
Context: Ice bags "to go" are a common practice in athletic training.
Objective: To determine the effect of submaximal exercise on tissue temperatures during a common ice-bag application.
Design: 2 X 5 fully repeated-measures design with treatment (cooling while resting, cooling while walking) and time (pretreatment, immediately after ice application, and at 10, 20, and 30 minutes during treatment) as the independent variables.
Context: Cryotherapy is commonly used for a variety of purposes; however, the body's response to cryotherapy immediately postexercise is unknown.
Objective: To investigate the effect of prior exercise on crushed-ice-bag treatment of a large muscle group.
Design: 2 x 3 repeated-measures design on depth (1 cm and 2 cm below adipose tissue) and treatment (exercise followed by ice, exercise followed by no ice, and no exercise followed by ice).