Adenosine, lidocaine, and Mg2+ fluid therapy leads to 72-hour survival after hemorrhagic shock: A model for studying differential gene expression and extending biological time.

Background: Noncompressible torso hemorrhage is a leading cause of traumatic death. Our aim was to examine survival time and the expression of key master genes of cellular metabolism after 3% NaCl adenosine, lidocaine, and Mg (ALM) bolus and 4 hours 0.9% NaCl/ALM "drip" in a rat model of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock.