Multiple resonance damping or how do trees escape dangerously large oscillations?

To further understand the mechanics of trees under dynamic loads, we recorded damped oscillations of a Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) tree and of its stem without branches. Eigenfrequencies of the branches were calculated and compared to the oscillation frequency of the intact tree. The term eigenfrequency is used here to characterize the calculated resonance frequency of a branch fixed at the proximal end to a solid support.