The impact of isoflurane, desflurane, or sevoflurane on the frequency and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting after lumbar disc surgery.

Study Objective: To test the hypothesis that anesthesia with the low-soluble inhalation anesthetics, sevoflurane, and desflurane, may result in a lower frequency and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) than anesthesia with isoflurane.

Design: Prospective, observational study.

Setting: Postoperative care unit and neurosurgical ward at a university hospital.

Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula associated with progressive cervical myelopathy and normal venous drainage of the thoracolumbar cord: case report and review of the literature.

Background: Intracranial dural arteriovenous malformations draining into the perimedullary venous system are rare lesions. In these cases, the selective spinal catheterization of all vessels with potential of causing that malformation was negative, and additional cerebral angiography usually reveals the fistula. Because of venous congestion of the cord caused by the DAVF, a delayed drainage or stagnation of contrast material in the artery of Adamkiewicz was considered as a compelling angiographic disorder so far.