Activity of moxifloxacin against Bacteroides fragilis and Escherichia coli in an in vitro pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model employing pure and mixed cultures.

The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacodynamic (PD) activity of moxifloxacin against four selected Bacteroides fragilis strains (three strains with low MICs and one strain with a high MIC) and two Escherichia coli strains (one strain with a low MIC and one strain with a high MIC) in a pharmacokinetic (PK) in vitro model in pure cultures as well as in mixed cultures. PK/PD assays of moxifloxacin were carried out with an initial maximum concentration of 4.0 mg l-1 and a half-life of 13 h.

Novel strategy for optimal sequential application of clinical criteria, immunohistochemistry and microsatellite analysis in the diagnosis of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer.

Clinical criteria, microsatellite analysis (MSA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) are important diagnostic tools for identification of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) patients who are likely to carry pathogenic germline mutations in mismatch repair genes. Based on MSA and IHC results and subsequent mutation analyses of 1,119 unrelated index patients meeting the Amsterdam II criteria or the classical Bethesda guidelines, we analyzed the value of these tools to predict MLH1 and MSH2 mutations with the aim of establishing optimal strategies for their most efficient sequential use. The overall prevalence of pathogenic germline mutations in our cohort was 20.