What every radiologist should know about adnexal torsion.

Adnexal torsion is the fifth most common gynecologic surgical emergency, requiring clinician and radiologist awareness. It involves the rotation of the ovarian tissue on its vascular pedicle leading to stromal edema, hemorrhagic infarction, and necrosis of the adnexal structures with the subsequent sequelae. Expedient diagnosis poses a difficult challenge because the clinical presentation is variable and often misleading.

Female perineal diseases: spectrum of imaging findings.

The female perineum, which is divided into the anterior urogenital triangle and the posterior anal triangle, is a surface structure often overlooked. Female perineal diseases may present with nonspecific clinical signs due to its close anatomical relationship between the different compartments. Diagnosis of the origin of a perineal disorder may also be a difficult problem encountered in pelvi-perineal imaging.

Efficient liver regeneration following temporary portal vein embolization with absorbable gelatin sponge powder in humans.

Purpose: To report initial experience of temporary portal vein embolization (PVE) with a powdered form of absorbable gelatin sponge before major liver resection.

Materials And Methods: From 2009-2013, 20 patients (6 women and 14 men; median age, 61.5 y ± 2.

An acute abdominal syndrome reveals a postoperative ilio-iliac arteriovenous fistula: about one case.

Introduction: Postoperative ilio-iliac arteriovenous fistula is an unusual but known complication after lumbar surgery.

Case Report: We report the case of a 74-year-old patient consulted at the emergency department for intense acute abdominal syndrome revealing a post-operative common ilio-iliac arteriovenous fistula 5 years after a lumbosacral arthrodesis L3-S1. The patient was treated with an endovascular arterial stent-graft with immediate vascular and clinical results.

Clinical predictors of radiographic abnormalities among infants with bronchiolitis in a paediatric emergency department.

Background: Acute viral respiratory exacerbation is one of the most common conditions encountered in a paediatric emergency department (PED) during winter months. We aimed at defining clinical predictors of chest radiography prescription and radiographic abnormalities, among infants with bronchiolitis in a paediatric emergency department.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of children less than 2 years of age with clinical bronchiolitis, who presented for evaluation at the paediatric emergency department of an urban general hospital in France.

Impact of chest radiography for children with lower respiratory tract infection: a propensity score approach.

Background: Management of acute respiratory tract infection varies substantially despite this being a condition frequently encountered in pediatric emergency departments. Previous studies have suggested that the use of antibiotics was higher when chest radiography was performed. However none of these analyses had considered the inherent indication bias of observational studies.

Delivery induced intraperitoneal rupture of a cystic ovarian teratoma and associated chronic chemical peritonitis.

Intraperitoneal rupture of cystic ovarian teratoma is a rare complication. We report a case in a 29-year-old female, with increased abdominal circumference 2 months after vaginal delivery. MRI/CT raised this diagnosis associated to chemical peritonitis.

Accuracy of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of placenta accreta.

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of placenta accreta and to define the most relevant specific ultrasound and MRI features that may predict placental invasion.

Material And Methods: This study was approved by the institutional review board of the French College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients referred for suspected placenta accreta to two university hospitals from 01/2001 to 05/2012.

Stomach position versus liver-to-thoracic volume ratio in left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Objective: To describe a new grading method for stomach position (SP) in fetuses with left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (L-CDH) using ultrasound and to correlate SP to liver position and to liver-to-thoracic cavity volume ratio (LiTR) using magnetic resonance imaging.

Methods: SP were graded at the level of the 4-chamber view as following: grade 1-to-4 for stomach not visualised, visualised anteriorly at the apex of the heart, stomach showing abdominal structures anteriorly and stomach with its larger part posterior to the level of the atrial-ventricular heart valves, respectively. The LiTR was calculated and correlated to SP using the Mann-Whitney U test.

Liver-to-thoracic volume ratio: use at MR imaging to predict postnatal survival in fetuses with isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia with or without prenatal tracheal occlusion.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship of the liver-to-thoracic volume ratio (LiTR) by MRI with postnatal survival in foetuses with isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).

Methods: In 30 conservatively managed CDH foetuses and in 31 who underwent fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO), logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the effect on postnatal survival of the observed-to-expected (O/E) ratio of total foetal lung volume (TFLV), LiTR, gestational age at delivery, CDH side, intrathoracic position of the liver and, for those who underwent FETO, gestational age at FETO and occlusion period. For 19 foetuses undergoing FETO, a post-FETO MRI was available.

What is the impact of fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on prenatal diagnosis of cerebral anomalies.

Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an adjunct to sonography (US), often necessary when cerebral abnormality is suspected. With use of fast sequences, such as T2 HASTE or SSFSE, gradient-echo T1- weighted images and diffusion-weighted imaging, it is possible to obtain images of fetal brain in three planes without mother's sedation. Diagnosing brain anomalies using MRI requires good knowledge of normal anatomy depending on gestational age: phases of neuronal migration, sulcation and gyration, myelination in particular.

Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava involving the renal veins: a simple method of right renal vein reimplantation.

In this report we describe a case of leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava involving the renal veins. The abdominal computed tomography scan showed a tumor in the infrahepatic portion of the inferior vena cava and the confluence of the renal veins. After resection of the tumor, venous reconstruction involved the replacement of the inferior vena cava with a prosthetic graft and the implantation of the right renal vein into the portal vein.

Progressive neuronal degeneration of childhood: prenatal diagnosis by MRI.

We report two cases in the same family of progressive neuronal degeneration of childhood--Alpers syndrome--with prenatal MRI findings in one case. The first infant presented at birth with severe microcephaly, then rapidly evolved to progressive encephalopathy with refractory epilepsy, leading to death at 10 months. Biochemical investigations including liver function tests were normal.

Mesenteric adenitis and portal vein thrombosis due to Fusobacterium nucleatum.

We report the first description of portal and mesenteric vein thrombosis associated with suppurative mesenteric adenitis in a 71-year-old woman. The bacterium detected in mesenteric lymph nodes was Fusobacterium nucleatum, an anaerobic Gram-negative bacillus. Our patient had a clinical syndrome of pharyngitis and fever preceding portal vein thrombosis.