Environmental conditions modulate the effect of epigenetic factors controlling the response of to .

The resistance of to clubroot, a major disease of Brassicaceae caused by the obligate protist , is controlled in part by epigenetic factors. The detection of some of these epigenetic quantitative trait loci (QTL) has been shown to depend on experimental conditions. The aim of the present study was to assess whether and how temperature and/or soil water availability influenced both the detection and the extent of the effect of response QTL.

When "virtual" works and when it doesn't: A survey of physician and patient experiences with virtual care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To assess the experience of virtual care among both patients and physicians across a range of clinical scenarios during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A web-based survey was disseminated to patients and physicians through a variety of media and healthcare communications from May 2020 to July 2021. Demographic details and attitudes across a range of virtual care domains were collected.

Two adjacent NLR genes conferring quantitative resistance to clubroot disease in Arabidopsis are regulated by a stably inherited epiallelic variation.

Clubroot caused by the protist Plasmodiophora brassicae is a major disease affecting cultivated Brassicaceae. Using a combination of quantitative trait locus (QTL) fine mapping, CRISPR-Cas9 validation, and extensive analyses of DNA sequence and methylation patterns, we revealed that the two adjacent neighboring NLR (nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat) genes AT5G47260 and AT5G47280 cooperate in controlling broad-spectrum quantitative partial resistance to the root pathogen P. brassicae in Arabidopsis and that they are epigenetically regulated.

Large-scale transcriptomics to dissect 2 years of the life of a fungal phytopathogen interacting with its host plant.

Background: The fungus Leptosphaeria maculans has an exceptionally long and complex relationship with its host plant, Brassica napus, during which it switches between different lifestyles, including asymptomatic, biotrophic, necrotrophic, and saprotrophic stages. The fungus is also exemplary of "two-speed" genome organisms in the genome of which gene-rich and repeat-rich regions alternate. Except for a few stages of plant infection under controlled conditions, nothing is known about the genes mobilized by the fungus throughout its life cycle, which may last several years in the field.

Perceptions of an evidence-based empathy mobile app in post-secondary education.

Cognitive empathy (also known as perspective-taking) is an important, teachable, skill. As part of a knowledge translation project, we identified a) interest in an evidence-based cognitive empathy mobile app and b) which faculties believe that cognitive empathy is important for their profession. Students ( = 638) and instructors/professors ( = 38) completed a university-wide survey.

Psychological outcomes of debriefing healthcare providers who experience expected and unexpected patient death in clinical or simulation experiences: A scoping review.

Aims And Objectives: To synthesise and map the literature on the psychological outcomes reported following debriefing of healthcare providers who experience expected and unexpected patient death in either clinical practice or simulation setting.

Background: Patient death occurs in both the clinical and simulation environments and can result in psychological stress in healthcare providers and students. While debriefing following patient death has demonstrated the ability to promote positive psychological outcomes, addressing the psychological or emotional stress of the event is inconsistently addressed.

Quantitative resistance to clubroot infection mediated by transgenerational epigenetic variation in Arabidopsis.

Quantitative disease resistance, often influenced by environmental factors, is thought to be the result of DNA sequence variants segregating at multiple loci. However, heritable differences in DNA methylation, so-called transgenerational epigenetic variants, also could contribute to quantitative traits. Here, we tested this possibility using the well-characterized quantitative resistance of Arabidopsis to clubroot, a Brassica major disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae.

: A randomized, controlled pilot study to promote nursing student perspective-taking on carers' health risk behaviors.

Background: Lifestyle counseling is described as a "major breakthrough" in the control of chronic diseases. Counseling can be challenging to nurses due their lack of motivation to counsel, hesitancy to appear non-judgmental, lack of empathy, and lack of time. Nurses voice their need for more training in counseling communication skills.

Hypoxia response in Arabidopsis roots infected by Plasmodiophora brassicae supports the development of clubroot.

Background: The induction of alcohol fermentation in roots is a plant adaptive response to flooding stress and oxygen deprivation. Available transcriptomic data suggest that fermentation-related genes are also frequently induced in roots infected with gall forming pathogens, but the biological significance of this induction is unclear. In this study, we addressed the role of hypoxia responses in Arabidopsis roots during infection by the clubroot agent Plasmodiophora brassicae.

Both the Jasmonic Acid and the Salicylic Acid Pathways Contribute to Resistance to the Biotrophic Clubroot Agent Plasmodiophora brassicae in Arabidopsis.

The role of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling in resistance to root pathogens has been poorly documented. We assessed the contribution of SA and JA to basal and partial resistance of Arabidopsis to the biotrophic clubroot agent Plasmodiophora brassicae. SA and JA levels as well as the expression of the SA-responsive genes PR2 and PR5 and the JA-responsive genes ARGAH2 and THI2.

Camalexin contributes to the partial resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana to the biotrophic soilborne protist Plasmodiophora brassicae.

Camalexin has been reported to play defensive functions against several pathogens in Arabidopsis. In this study, we investigated the possible role of camalexin accumulation in two Arabidopsis genotypes with different levels of basal resistance to the compatible eH strain of the clubroot agent Plasmodiophora brassicae. Camalexin biosynthesis was induced in infected roots of both Col-0 (susceptible) and Bur-0 (partially resistant) accessions during the secondary phase of infection.

Homoeologous recombination within bread wheat to develop novel combinations of HMW-GS genes: transfer of the Glu-A1 locus to chromosome 1D.

In an attempt to improve the bread-making quality within hexaploid wheat by elaborating novel high-molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) combinations useful in wheat-breeding programmes, a 1A chromosome fragment carrying the Glu-A1 locus encoding the subunit Ax2*, was translocated to the long arm of chromosome 1D. The partially isohomoeoallelic line, designated RR239, had a meiotic behaviour as regular as cv. Courtot.

Assignment of Aegilops variabilis Eig chromosomes and translocations carrying resistance to nematodes in wheat.

The allotetraploid species Aegilops variabilis Eig (2n = 28, UUSvSv) belongs to the tribe Triticeae and is closely related to wheat. One accession, Ae. variabilis No.