Interval Cytoreductive Surgery and Heated Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Ovarian Cancer: Report of a Single-center Experience.

Background/aim: Emerging data suggest that addition of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) at the time of interval cytoreduction for patients with metastatic ovarian cancer is associated with a survival benefit. However, the implementation of this treatment is affected by concerns related to its potential morbidity. We present data from the first centre in the UK implementing HIPEC as part of treatment for patients with advanced ovarian cancer undergoing interval cytoreductive surgery.

The Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Pre-operative Evaluation of Women Diagnosed With Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia.

Background/aim: To evaluate the role of MRI in patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) and incorporate MRI findings in predictive models estimating the risk of co-existent endometrial cancer (EC).

Patients And Methods: Data from 189 women diagnosed with AEH and had MRI scan prior to operation, over nine years, were retrospectively collected.

Results: Histology showed EC in 51 (27%) cases.

Cholecystectomy as Part of Cytoreductive Surgery for Advanced Ovarian Cancer: Perioperative Outcomes.

Background/aim: To assess the perioperative outcomes of cholecystectomy in cytoreductive procedures for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

Patients And Methods: Prospectively collected perioperative data of patients that underwent cytoreduction for advanced EOC, between 2014 and 2018, were analysed. Patients were divided in two groups on the basis of whether cholecystectomy was performed.

Fructose metabolism in Chromohalobacter salexigens: interplay between the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas and Entner-Doudoroff pathways.

Background: The halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens metabolizes glucose exclusively through the Entner-Doudoroff (ED) pathway, an adaptation which results in inefficient growth, with significant carbon overflow, especially at low salinity. Preliminary analysis of C. salexigens genome suggests that fructose metabolism could proceed through the Entner-Doudoroff and Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathways.

Quantitative RNA-seq Analysis Unveils Osmotic and Thermal Adaptation Mechanisms Relevant for Ectoine Production in .

Quantitative RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and the complementary phenotypic assays were implemented to investigate the transcriptional responses of to osmotic and heat stress. These conditions trigger the synthesis of ectoine and hydroxyectoine, two compatible solutes of biotechnological interest. Our findings revealed that both stresses make a significant impact on global physiology.

Understanding the interplay of carbon and nitrogen supply for ectoines production and metabolic overflow in high density cultures of Chromohalobacter salexigens.

Background: The halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens has been proposed as promising cell factory for the production of the compatible solutes ectoine and hydroxyectoine. This bacterium has evolved metabolic adaptations to efficiently grow under high salt concentrations by accumulating ectoines as compatible solutes. However, metabolic overflow, which is a major drawback for the efficient conversion of biological feedstocks, occurs as a result of metabolic unbalances during growth and ectoines production.

The impact of ultra-radical surgery in the management of patients with stage IIIC and IV epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer.

Objective: The aim of this study is to estimate the percentage of patients with metastatic ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer requiring ultra-radical surgery to achieve cytoreduction to less than 1 cm (optimal) or no macroscopic residual disease (complete).

Methods: Perioperative data were collected prospectively on consecutive patients undergoing elective cytoreductive surgery for metastatic epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer at the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, a tertiary referral cancer centre in the United Kingdom from November 2012 to June 2016.

Results: Over a 42-month period, 135 consecutive patients underwent cytoreductive surgery for stage IIIC and IV ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer.

Investigating vaginal bleeding in postmenopausal women found to have an endometrial thickness of equal to or greater than 10 mm on ultrasonography.

Purpose: This aim of this study is to determine the risk of endometrial cancer in symptomatic postmenopausal women, when endometrial thickness on transvaginal ultrasonography is equal to or greater than 10 mm, and subsequent office-based endometrial sampling histology is negative.

Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study, performed in a gynaecological oncology centre in the United Kingdom between February 2008 and July 2012. All postmenopausal women presenting with vaginal bleeding were investigated using transvaginal ultrasonography.

Contribution of RpoS to metabolic efficiency and ectoines synthesis during the osmo- and heat-stress response in the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.

Chromohalobacter salexigens is a halophilic γ-proteobacterium that responds to osmotic and heat stresses by accumulating ectoine and hydroxyectoine respectively. Evolution has optimized its metabolism to support high production of ectoines. We analysed the effect of an rpoS mutation in C.

Investigation and management of abnormal peri-menopausal bleeding.

Abnormal peri-menopausal bleeding is a common clinical problem. Decisions to investigate if the menstrual disorders are related to an underlying pathology or represent physiologic changes are often complex especially as no clear guidance is available. The aim of this review is to present a summary of the current available evidence regarding the investigation tools used to evaluate women with abnormal uterine bleeding during menopausal transition and in the post-menopausal period.

Role of central metabolism in the osmoadaptation of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.

Bacterial osmoadaptation involves the cytoplasmic accumulation of compatible solutes to counteract extracellular osmolarity. The halophilic and highly halotolerant bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens is able to grow up to 3 m NaCl in a minimal medium due to the de novo synthesis of ectoines. This is an osmoregulated pathway that burdens central metabolic routes by quantitatively drawing off TCA cycle intermediaries.

Isoprenyl-thiourea and urea derivatives as new farnesyl diphosphate analogues: synthesis and in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities.

A series of new isoprenyl-thiourea and urea derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of alkyl or aryl isothiocyanate or isocyanate and primary amines. The structures of the compounds were established by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, MS, HRMS and elemental analysis. The new compounds were screened for in vitro antimicrobial activity against seven strains representing different types of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

Temperature- and salinity-decoupled overproduction of hydroxyectoine by Chromohalobacter salexigens.

Hydroxyectoine overproduction by the natural producer Chromohalobacter salexigens is presented in this study. Genetically engineered strains were constructed that at low salinity coexpressed, in a vector derived from a native plasmid, the ectoine (ectABC) and hydroxyectoine (ectD) genes under the control of the ectA promoter, in a temperature-independent manner. Hydroxyectoine production was further improved by increasing the copies of ectD and using a C.

Role of trehalose in heat and desiccation tolerance in the soil bacterium Rhizobium etli.

Background: The compatible solute trehalose is involved in the osmostress response of Rhizobium etli, the microsymbiont of Phaseolus vulgaris. In this work, we reconstructed trehalose metabolism in R. etli, and investigated its role in cellular adaptation and survival to heat and desiccation stress under free living conditions.

Complete genome sequence of the halophilic and highly halotolerant Chromohalobacter salexigens type strain (1H11(T)).

Chromohalobacter salexigens is one of nine currently known species of the genus Chromohalobacter in the family Halomonadaceae. It is the most halotolerant of the so-called 'moderately halophilic bacteria' currently known and, due to its strong euryhaline phenotype, it is an established model organism for prokaryotic osmoadaptation. C.

A novel approach to postoperative bladder care in women after radical hysterectomy.

Purpose: Currently, controversy exists with regard to the duration of bladder drainage and choice of catheter used in women who undergo radical hysterectomy. In this manuscript, we propose a novel approach to improving postoperative bladder care in women who undergo radical hysterectomy.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of women who underwent Type 3 Piver radical hysterectomy in a gynaecological oncology centre in the United Kingdom from January 2009 to September 2011.

Role of trehalose in salinity and temperature tolerance in the model halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.

The disaccharide trehalose is considered as a universal stress molecule, protecting cells and biomolecules from injuries imposed by high osmolarity, heat, oxidation, desiccation and freezing. Chromohalobacter salexigens is a halophilic and extremely halotolerant γ-proteobacterium of the family Halomonadaceae. In this work, we have investigated the role of trehalose as a protectant against salinity, temperature and desiccation in C.

Management of postmenopausal women with vaginal bleeding when the endometrium can not be visualized.

Objective: To determine the risk of endometrial cancer when endometrial thickness is not visualized using ultrasonography.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Gynecological oncology center in the United Kingdom.

Late presentation of metastatic smooth muscle neoplasm of the uterus with low malignant potential.

A 48-year-old woman underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with conservation of the ovaries and tubes. Histology showed a well-circumscribed smooth muscle tumor with foci of degeneration (including infarct-type necrosis) but no coagulative tumor cell necrosis and only mild focal cytological atypia. She presented, 24 years later with shortness of breath and abdominal distension and underwent bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, appendectomy, omental biopsy and para-aortic lymph node sampling.

Postmenopausal vaginal bleeding in women using hormone replacement therapy.

Objective: To estimate the risk of endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women presenting with vaginal bleeding using estrogen-progestogen hormone replacement therapy (HRT) regimens and to assess if the duration of HRT use has an effect on the risk of diagnosing endometrial cancer.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study of consecutive women presenting with postmenopausal vaginal bleeding at a gynaecological oncology centre in the UK. Main outcome measures Endometrial cancer diagnosis.

Outcome of investigations for postmenopausal vaginal bleeding in women under the age of 50 years.

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the incidence of endometrial cancer in young postmenopausal women presenting with vaginal bleeding.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of postmenopausal women presenting with vaginal bleeding in a gynaecological oncology centre in the United Kingdom. All women underwent transvaginal ultrasound scanning (TVS) as the initial investigation tool to evaluate the endometrium.

An extended suite of genetic tools for use in bacteria of the Halomonadaceae: an overview.

Halophilic gammaproteobacteria of the family Halomonadaceae (including the genera Aidingimonas, Carnimonas, Chromohalobacter, Cobetia, Halomonas, Halotalea, Kushneria, Modicisalibacter, Salinicola, and Zymobacter) have current and promising applications in biotechnology mainly as a source of compatible solutes (powerful stabilizers of biomolecules and cells, with exciting potentialities in biomedicine), salt-tolerant enzymes, biosurfactants, and extracellular polysaccharides, among other products. In addition, they display a number of advantages to be used as cell factories, alternative to conventional prokaryotic hosts like Escherichia coli or Bacillus, for the production of recombinant proteins: (1) their high salt tolerance decreases to a minimum the necessity for aseptic conditions, resulting in cost-reducing conditions, (2) they are very easy to grow and maintain in the laboratory, and their nutritional requirements are simple, and (3) the majority can use a large range of compounds as a sole carbon and energy source. In the last 15 years, the efforts of our group and others have made possible the genetic manipulation of this bacterial group.

Comparing the performance of two clinical models in estimating the risk of endometrial cancer in symptomatic postmenopausal women.

Objective: The aim of this study was to internally evaluate the accuracy measures of the two newly developed predictive models, called DEFAB and DFAB, used to estimate the risk of endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women presenting with vaginal bleeding.

Study Design: Prospective study including postmenopausal women presenting with vaginal bleeding.

Results: Over a 46-month-period, 3795 postmenopausal women presented with vaginal bleeding and were included in the study.