Exploring the role of GHRH antagonist MIA-602 in overcoming Doxorubicin-resistance in acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by the rapid proliferation of mutagenic hematopoietic progenitors in the bone marrow. Conventional therapies include chemotherapy and bone marrow stem cell transplantation; however, they are often associated with poor prognosis. Notably, growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) receptor antagonist MIA-602 has been shown to impede the growth of various human cancer cell lines, including AML.

Platelet Rich Plasma Combination Therapies for Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia: A Systematic Review.

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common cause of alopecia in males and females. Minoxidil and finasteride are the only FDA-approved treatments for AGA. New treatments including Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) and microneedling have shown promising results.

Review of Superficial Cryotherapy for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata.

Cryotherapy has recently been examined as a potential treatment for alopecia areata (AA). AA is classically managed with intralesional or systemic steroids but relapse rates among those with longstanding disease are high. This narrative review serves to describe the existing studies evaluating cryotherapy for the treatment of AA and examine studies comparing cryotherapy with intralesional steroid injection for the treatment of AA.

Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia: Current Guidance and Unmet Needs.

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common cause of hair loss in men and women. Traditionally, topical minoxidil and oral finasteride have been the standard of care yielding mixed results. New treatments such as Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT), microneedling, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and others have been extensively studied in the literature, and the purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive discussion of the latest treatment methods and their efficacy in treating AGA.

Low-Level Light Therapy and Minoxidil Combination Treatment in Androgenetic Alopecia: A Review of the Literature.

Introduction: We analyzed randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of combined therapy with low-level light therapy (LLLT) and topical minoxidil for treatment of androgenetic alopecia (AGA).

Methods: A literature search within PubMed identified RCTs evaluating hair regrowth following LLLT and minoxidil. Selection criteria were 600-1,100 nm wavelengths, treatment time ≥16 weeks, and objective evaluation for hair regrowth.

Mild oxidative stress protects against chemotherapy-induced hair loss.

Chemotherapy induces hair loss in most cancer patients who undergo treatment, which causes them significant psychosocial trauma. Scalp cooling has demonstrated some efficacy in attenuating chemotherapy-induced alopecia, but response rate varies between patients and chemotherapy class. Here, we showcase in rats a proof-of-concept treatment of using subcutaneous hydrogen peroxide and cumene hydroperoxide injections to provide total protection from hair loss against multiple classes of chemotherapy.

The Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Cannabidiol (CBD) on Acne.

Acne is the most common skin condition in the United States and affects approximately 85% of people ages 12-24. As a multifactorial disease, the pathogenesis of acne involves overproduction of sebum, irregular shedding of the cutaneous cells, accretion of at the pilosebaceous unit, and inflammation. To date, conventional therapies for acne include topical retinoids, over-the-counter bactericidal agents, and systematic treatments, such as oral antibiotics and isotretinoin.

Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia Using PRP to Target Dysregulated Mechanisms and Pathways.

Androgenetic alopecia ("AGA") is the most prevalent type of progressive hair loss, causing tremendous psychological and social stress in patients. However, AGA treatment remains limited in scope. The pathogenesis of androgenetic alopecia is not completely understood but is known to involve a hair follicle miniaturization process in which terminal hair is transformed into thinner, softer vellus-like hair.

Peptide-Functionalized Dendrimer Nanocarriers for Targeted Microdystrophin Gene Delivery.

Gene therapy is a good alternative for determined congenital disorders; however, there are numerous limitations for gene delivery in vivo including targeted cellular uptake, intracellular trafficking, and transport through the nuclear membrane. Here, a modified G5 polyamidoamine (G5 PAMAM) dendrimer-DNA complex was developed, which will allow cell-specific targeting to skeletal muscle cells and transport the DNA through the intracellular machinery and the nuclear membrane. The G5 PAMAM nanocarrier was modified with a skeletal muscle-targeting peptide (SMTP), a DLC8-binding peptide (DBP) for intracellular transport, and a nuclear localization signaling peptide (NLS) for nuclear uptake, and polyplexed with plasmid DNA containing the GFP-tagged microdystrophin () gene.

A phase I safety study of topical calcitriol (BPM31543) for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced alopecia.

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) negatively affects psychosocial health and quality of life (QoL). Currently, there are no approved pharmacologic agents to prevent CIA. Here, we evaluated the safety, tolerability, and potential signal of efficacy of topical calcitriol (BPM31543) on CIA prevention.

The Inflammatory Aspect of Male and Female Pattern Hair Loss.

Male and female pattern hair loss (MPHL and FPHL, respectively), is the most common cause of hair loss affecting nearly 80 million people in the US, yet treatment options remain limited and lacking. As the need for more effective therapeutics remains unmet, this perspective offers a unique angle by directing attention to the inflammatory aspect of MPHL and FPHL. Evidence and implications of inflammation as a characteristic feature of MPHL and FPHL are highlighted through evaluation of clinical and quantitative data.

Examining the Safety and Efficacy of Low-Level Laser Therapy for Male and Female Pattern Hair Loss: A Review of the Literature.

Purpose: Pattern hair loss is the most common type of alopecia. Standard of care involves long-term use of topical medications with limited effectiveness. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has become a popular alternative treatment.

Cannabidiol as a Novel Therapeutic for Immune Modulation.

The immune-suppressive effects of cannabidiol (CBD) are attributed to the modulation of essential immunological signaling pathways and receptors. Mechanistic understanding of the pharmacological effects of CBD emphasizes the therapeutic potential of CBD as a novel immune modulator. Studies have observed that the antagonists of CB and CB receptors and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 reverse the immunomodulatory effects of CBD.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL): a review of the literature.

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) is characterized by a block in differentiation where leukemic cells are halted at the promyelocyte stage. A characteristic balanced chromosomal translocation between chromosomes 15 and 17 t (15;17) (q24; q21) is seen in 95% of cases - the translocation results in the formation of the PML-RARA fusion protein. The introduction of retinoic acid (RA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been responsible for initially remarkable cure rates.

Transmissible Cancers and Immune Downregulation in Tasmanian Devil () and Canine Populations.

Known as devil facial tumor disease (DFTD) and canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT), transmissible cancer occurs in both Tasmanian devil and canine populations, respectively. Both malignancies show remarkable ability to be transmitted as allografts into subsequent hosts. How DFTD and CTVT avoid detection by immunocompetent hosts is of particular interest, given that these malignancies are rarely seen in other species in nature.

Enhanced Delivery of Plasmid DNA to Skeletal Muscle Cells using a DLC8-Binding Peptide and ASSLNIA-Modified PAMAM Dendrimer.

Skeletal muscle is ideally suited and highly desirable as a target for therapeutic gene delivery because of its abundance, high vascularization, and high levels of protein expression. However, efficient gene delivery to skeletal muscle remains a current challenge. Besides the major obstacle of cell-specific targeting, efficient intracellular trafficking, or the cytosolic transport of DNA to the nucleus, must be demonstrated.

Alopecia Areata: Review of Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Pathogenesis, and New Treatment Options.

Alopecia areata (AA) is a complex autoimmune condition that causes nonscarring hair loss. It typically presents with sharply demarcated round patches of hair loss and may present at any age. In this article, we review the epidemiology, clinical features, pathogenesis, and new treatment options of AA, with a focus on the immunologic mechanism underlying the treatment.

A new approach to the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia targeting the receptor for growth hormone-releasing hormone.

Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is secreted by the hypothalamus and acts on the pituitary gland to stimulate the release of growth hormone (GH). GHRH can also be produced by human cancers, in which it functions as an autocrine/paracrine growth factor. We have previously shown that synthetic antagonistic analogues of GHRH are able to successfully suppress the growth of 60 different human cancer cell lines representing over 20 cancers.