Comparative analysis of acute respiratory infections of viral etiology in children under 6 months with and without nirsevimab in the Balearic Islands (2022-2023 and 2023-2024).

Introduction: Since 2023, a monoclonal antibody (nirsevimab) specifically directed against the preF form of RSV has been marketed in Spain. The impact of late immunization in the population <6 months as a cause of other respiratory infections requiring a hospital visit has been analyzed.

Material And Methods: The viral etiology of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) diagnosed in the 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 seasons has been prospectively compared, and in this last season between recipients and non-recipients of nirsevimab.

Transport of non-classical light mediated by topological domain walls in a SSH photonic lattice.

Advancements in photonics technologies have significantly enhanced their capability to facilitate experiments involving quantum light, even at room temperature. Nevertheless, fully integrating photonic chips that include quantum light sources, effective manipulation and transport of light minimizing losses, and appropriate detection systems remains an ongoing challenge. Topological photonic systems have emerged as promising platforms to protect quantum light properties during propagation, beyond merely preserving light intensity.

Incidence of pediatric invasive pneumococcal disease in the Island of Majorca (2008-2010), an area with non-universal vaccination, and estimations of serotype & children population coverage by available conjugate vaccines.

Background: The World Health Organization reported in 2007 that inclusion of PCV7 in national immunization programs should be seen as a priority, also encouraging countries to conduct appropriate surveillances for monitoring the impact of vaccination. These analyses should be conducted in specific geographical areas and should be aimed to evolution of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), by age groups, clinical presentation, and vaccine serotypes (and non-vaccine serotypes to detect possible replacement). This study aimed to monitor the evolution of IPD incidence in children <15 years requiring hospitalization in the Island of Majorca.

Streptococcus pyogenes cervical intertrigo with secondary bacteremia.

We report a 12-month-old infant girl with cervical intertrigo caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. This form of intertrigo has been reported in only five children, but it is clearly underestimated. It should be suspected for well-demarcated beefy-red lesions of the neck not responding to antifungal therapy.

Varicella precipitating febrile ulceronecrotic Mucha-Habermann disease.

We report a 9-year-old boy with skin lesions clinically and histologically compatible with pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta that evolved to the severe variant febrile ulceronecrotic Mucha-Habermann disease and finally to pityriasis lichenoides chronica. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was isolated in culture medium from the skin lesions and serum serology was positive for VZV. This is the first time that a virus has been isolated in culture in this condition.

Old world Leishmania infantum cutaneous leishmaniasis unresponsive to liposomal amphotericin B treated with topical imiquimod.

We present a case of a child with Leishmania infantum cutaneous leishmaniasis unresponsive to 2 courses of intravenous liposomal amphotericin B, a treatment failure that has not been reported in this Leishmania species. The patient responded to topical imiquimod and had no relapse. We review the literature on the treatment failure of liposomal amphotericin B for cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Safety and antiviral response at 12 months of lopinavir/ritonavir therapy in human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected children experienced with three classes of antiretrovirals.

Introduction: Many human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected children have already failed treatment with 2 or even 3 classes of antiretrovirals. Coformulation of lopinavir with low dose ritonavir exhibits a potent antiretroviral effect. However, the data in heavily pretreated children are still scarce.

Descending necrotizing mediastinitis in early childhood: favorable outcome after aggressive treatment.

Objective: To report a case of descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM), an unusual illness in childhood that develops as a complication of oropharyngeal infection.

Design: Descriptive case report.

Setting: Pediatric intensive care unit.