Physician-assisted death with limited access to palliative care.

Even among advocates of legalising physician-assisted death, many argue that this should be done only once palliative care has become widely available. Meanwhile, according to them, physician-assisted death should be banned. Four arguments are often presented to support this claim, which we call the argument of lack of autonomy, the argument of existing alternatives, the argument of unfair inequalities and the argument of the antagonism between physician-assisted death and palliative care.

Down regulation of the proliferation and apoptotic pathways in the embryonic brain of diabetic rats.

Compelling evidence shows that the offspring subjected to uncontrolled hyperlycemia during gestation display behavioral, neurochemical, and cellular abnormalities during adulthood. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these defects remain elusive. Previous studies have shown an increased rate of apoptosis and a decreased index of neuronal proliferation associated with diabetic embryopathy.

Facial and semantic emotional interference: a pilot study on the behavioral and cortical responses to the Dual Valence Association Task.

Background: Integration of compatible or incompatible emotional valence and semantic information is an essential aspect of complex social interactions. A modified version of the Implicit Association Test (IAT) called Dual Valence Association Task (DVAT) was designed in order to measure conflict resolution processing from compatibility/incompatibly of semantic and facial valence. The DVAT involves two emotional valence evaluative tasks which elicits two forms of emotional compatible/incompatible associations (facial and semantic).

Theories and theorizers: a contextual approach to theories of cognition.

An undisputable characteristic of cognitive science is its enormous diversity of theories. Not surprisingly, these often belong to different paradigms that focus on different processes and levels of analysis. A related problem is that researchers of cognition frequently seem to ascribe to incompatible approaches to research, creating a Tower of Babel of cognitive knowledge.

Argentina's early contributions to the understanding of frontotemporal lobar degeneration.

Over a 100 years have passed since Pick's description of what is now termed frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). FTLD is a topic of intense current research interest yet some relevant contributions by non-English speaking authors have received little attention, which makes the history of FTLD research incomplete. In the hopes of filling some of the gaps in the history of FTLD research, the present article introduces fundamental work carried out in Argentina during the first half of the 20th century by Christfried Jakob and Braulio A.

Does the PFC model of analogy account for decision making, problem solving, reasoning, flexibility, adaptability, and even creativity?

Abstract From everyday cognition to scientific discovery, analogical processes play an important role: bringing connection, integration, and interrelation of information. Recently, a PFC model of analogy has been proposed to explain many cognitive processes and integrate general functional properties of PFC. We argue here that analogical processes do not suffice to explain the cognitive processes and functions of PFC.

Neurodynamics of mind: the arrow illusion of conscious intentionality as downward causation.

In cognitive neuroscience, the reissue of the notion of emergence and downward causation has been used as an interlevel model of mind-brain interactions from different perspectives. Within this perspective, intentionality has been interpreted as global to local determination (downward causation) on the neurophysiological level. Consciousness would act as the large-scale, global activity of the system that governs or constrains local interactions of neurons.

The machine paradigm and alternative approaches in cognitive science.

In a recent paper called To think human out of the machine paradigm, it is stated that psychological science operates within a machine paradigm that is committed to mechanical causality. In addition, it is emphasizes the epistemological and methodological limitations of explanations based in deterministic mechanics and instead argues for the need of an 'organic paradigm' that takes into consideration psychological processes such as subjectivity, inter-subjectivity, and agency. Although there is no doubt that much psychological science has operated under a machine paradigm, we argue that recent psychological research is pursued using a wide variety of approaches and with an absence of a partially integrated meta-theoretical corpus.

Allopregnanolone effects on astrogliosis induced by hypoxia in organotypic cultures of striatum, hippocampus, and neocortex.

Unlabelled: Perinatal asphyxia occurs in approximately 0.3% full-term newborn babies, and this percentage has not decreased despite medical advances. There are now evidences indicating that neurosteroids are important in neurodevelopment showing neuroprotective effects.