Learning effect on an isokinetic knee strength test protocol among male adolescent athletes.

Learning effect occurs when the best performance is not achieved at the earliest trial of a repeated protocol of evaluation. The present study examined, within testing session, the intra-individual variation in an isokinetic strength protocol composed of five reciprocal concentric and eccentric contractions of knee extensors (KE) and knee flexors (KF) among male adolescent swimmers. Additionally, test-retest reliability was determined as intra-individual mean differences between two consecutive testing sessions.

Intra-observer reproducibility and inter-observer agreement of Fels skeletal age assessments among male tennis players 8-16 years.

Background: Skeletal age (SA) is an estimate of biological maturity status that is commonly used in sport-related medical examinations. This study considered intra-observer reproducibility and inter-observer agreement of SA assessments among male tennis players.

Methods: SA was assessed with the Fels method in 97 male tennis players with chronological ages (CA) spanning 8.

Growth, body composition and bone mineral density among pubertal male athletes: intra-individual 12-month changes and comparisons between soccer players and swimmers.

Background: Puberty is a period of intense changes in human body and, additionally, participation in sports is viewed as prominent form of physical activity among male adolescent athletes. The current study was aimed to examine the intra-individual changes in body composition and bone tissue during years of maximal growth and the effect of 12-month participation in sports contrasting in mechanical impact.

Methods: The sample included 40 male adolescent athletes (soccer: n = 20; swimming: n = 20) aged 12.

Allometric Modeling of Wingate Test among Adult Male Athletes from Combat Sports.

Athletes from combat sports are grouped into a series of weight categories that are intended to promote fair competition. Differences in performance are partly attributable to differences in body size. Consequently, ratio standards in which a performance variable is simply divided by an anthropometric characteristic such as body mass are often used, although this application is not recommended.

Scaling left ventricular mass in adolescent female soccer players.

Background: The aim of the study was to examine the contribution of chronological age (CA), skeletal maturation, training experience and concurrent body size descriptors, to inter-individual variance in left ventricular mass (LVM) among female adolescent soccer players.

Methods: The sample included 228 female soccer players 11.8-17.