Study on Overload Injuries during Periods of Intense Physical Activity Complemented by Isokinetic Dynamometry Evaluation.

 The present study aims to measure the incidence of overload injuries in training soldiers, who are subjected to intense physical exercise, and to compare it with a control group. Next, it intends to verify whether there is any relationship between overload injuries and some neuromuscular function parameters.  Analytical, prospective observational study.

Exercise-induced cardiac remodeling in athletes and in special forces soldiers.

Introduction: Exercise-induced cardiac remodeling is frequent in athletes. This adaptation is structurally manifested by an increase in cardiac dimensions and mass. Soldiers are also subject to intense physical exercise, although with different characteristics.

Comparison of Three Criteria for Interpretation of Electrocardiogram in the Military.

Background: Screening of competitive athletes and other individuals exposed to regular and intense physical exercise, such as military personnel, can lead to an early and preclinical identification of cardiac conditions associated with a higher risk for sudden cardiac death. The electrocardiogram (ECG) has been recommended for the precompetitive screening, but its interpretation remains controversial. The aim of this study was to compare three different standardized criteria for interpretation of athletes' ECG applied in military.

The use of NIR as a multi-parametric in situ monitoring technique in filamentous fermentation systems.

The use of Fourier transform near infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy for simultaneous determination of multiple properties in an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) fermentation process is described, together with procedures for developing accurate NIR calibrations with a performance independent of scale and the specific bioreactor used. Measurements were made in situ, by insertion of transflection probes into pilot and industrial bioreactors providing direct contact with the fermentation culture media. The ultimate goal was to establish methods for real time process monitoring aimed at enhanced process supervision, fault detection diagnosis and control of bioreactors.

The use of FT-NIR for API content assay in organic solvent media: a single calibration for multiple downstream processing streams.

The use of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in downstream solvent based processing steps of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is reported. A single quantitative method was developed for API content assessment in the organic phase of a liquid-liquid extraction process and in multiple process streams of subsequent concentration and depuration steps. A new methodology based in spectra combinations and variable selection by genetic algorithm was used with an effective improvement in calibration model prediction ability.

Applying near-infrared spectroscopy in downstream processing: one calibration for multiple clarification processes of fermentation media.

The use of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is demonstrated in the first downstream processing (DSP) steps of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) manufacturing process. The first method developed was designed to assess the API content in the filtrate stream (aqueous) of a rotary drum vacuum filter. The PLS method, built after spectral preprocessing and variable selection, had an accuracy of 0.

Improving drug manufacturing with process analytical technology.

Within the process analytical technology (PAT) framework, as presented in the US Food and Drug Administration guidelines, the aim is to design, develop and operate processes consistently to ensure a pre-defined level of quality at the end of the manufacturing process. Three PAT implementation scenarios can be envisaged. Firstly, PAT could be used in its most modest version (in an almost non-PAT manner) to simply replace an existing quality control protocol (eg, using near-infrared spectroscopy for an in-process quality control, such as moisture content).

Evaluation of a new annular capacitance probe for biomass monitoring in industrial pilot-scale fermentations.

The four-pin electrode capacitance probe has already shown to be a valuable tool for on-line monitoring viable biomass concentration in industrial-type fermentations. A new prototype annular probe was developed and its performance in real-time monitoring the concentration of viable cells during industrial pilot-scale fermentation for the production of an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) was investigated and compared to the four-pin probe. A set of 14 fermentations was monitored on-line: four of them with the four-pin probe, the remaining with the annular probe.