Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with Internal Brace Augmentation Results in Fewer Reruptures Compared to Reconstruction without Augmentation.

 To compare the clinical outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using autografts with and without internal brace augmentation.  Data from patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with hamstring and quadriceps tendon autografts, with a minimum follow-up of one year, with or without internal brace augmentation were collected prospectively analyzed retrospectively. The Lysholm and Tegner functional scores were collected before and after surgery, as well as data on postoperative complications.

New Graft Choices for ACL Reconstruction: Update Article.

Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a common procedure for injuries to this ligament, especially in athletes. There are different types of grafts used, and the choice depends on several factors. Autologous grafts, from the patients themselves, are the most common option, with rapid incorporation and a lower failure rate.

Larger Chondral Lesions Treated with Collagen Membrane - Matrix-Induced Autologous Chondrogenesis - Show Larger Increase in Clinical Scores.

 To evaluate clinically and radiologically the results of the treatment of chondral lesions using collagen membrane - autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC).  This is a series of observational cases, in which 15 patients undergoing AMIC were analyzed. The clinical evaluation was made by comparing the Lysholm and International Knee Document Commitee (IKDC) scores in the pre- and postoperative period of 12 months, and radiological evaluation using the Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) score in the same postoperative period.

Comparative Study of the Function and Quality of Life of Patients Submitted to Total Knee Arthroplasty with Fixed and Mobile Tibial Platforms.

 To compare the function and quality of life of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with fixed tibial platform and mobile tibial platform.  We evaluated 240 patients with knee osteoarthritis, randomized into two groups - Group A consisted of 120 patients who underwent TKA with fixed tibial platform, and the B group, consisting of 120 patients who underwent mobile platform arthroplasty. Patients were accessed according to the function and quality of life by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) and the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and pain scores by visual analog scale (VAS) of pain, preoperatively and at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 4 years and 8 years of surgery.

Medial meniscal extrusion greater than 4 mm reduces medial tibiofemoral compartment contact area: a biomechanical analysis of tibiofemoral contact area and pressures with varying amounts of meniscal extrusion.

Purpose: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the contact areas, contact pressures, and peak pressures in the medial compartment of the knee in six sequential testing conditions. The secondary objective is to establish how much the medial meniscus is able to extrude, secondary to soft tissue injury while keeping its roots intact.

Methods: Ten cadaveric knees were dissected and tested in six conditions: (1) intact meniscus, (2) 2 mm extrusion, (3) 3 mm extrusion, (4) 4 mm extrusion, (5) maximum extrusion, (6) capsular based meniscal repair.

Medial Opening Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy Decreases Medial Meniscal Extrusion and Improves Clinical Outcomes and Return to Activity.

Background: Medial meniscal extrusion (MME) is defined as displacement of the meniscus that extends beyond the tibial margin. Knee varus malalignment increases MME.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to quantify MME before and after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) and to correlate the reduction of MME with clinical outcomes and return to activity.

THE 50 MOST CITED ARTICLES IN THE BRAZILIAN MEDICAL LITERATURE ON KNEE SURGERY.

Objective: To provide an analysis of the 50 most cited articles on knee surgery in the Brazilian medical literature.

Methods: This is a study of systematic review and meta-analysis, level of evidence 3. It was carried out through search in the SCOPUS database to identify scientific articles published in the Brazilian medical literature.

Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reruptures Are Related to Lower Functional Scores at the Time of Return to Activity: A Prospective, Midterm Follow-up Study.

Background: Skeletally immature patients show a higher rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reruptures. A better understanding of the risk factors for an ACL rerupture in this population is critical.

Purpose/hypothesis: The objective of this study was to analyze preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative characteristics of pediatric patients undergoing ACL reconstruction and determine the relationship of these factors with an ACL rerupture.

ASSESSMENT OF THE REGENERATION CAPACITY OF SEMITENDINOSUS AND GRACILIS TENDONS.

Objectives: To evaluate the regenerative capacity of gracilis (G) and semitendinosus (ST) tendons, to examine the sensitivity and specificity of signs and symptoms in the assessment of hamstring tendons, and to assess the thickness and insertion site of regenerated tendons.

Methods: Thirty sequential knees were subjected to anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with semitendinosus and gracilis tendons. After surgery, the patients were followed up clinically with physical examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Higher Axial Tibiofemoral Rotation and Functional Outcomes with Mobile-Bearing Compared with Fixed-Bearing Total Knee Arthroplasty at 1- but Not at 2-Year Follow-Up-A Randomized Clinical Trial.

The objective of this study was to determine in vivo knee kinematics and clinical outcomes of patients who underwent fixed- and mobile-bearing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) at 1- and 2-year follow-up. This prospective double-blinded randomized controlled trial was performed from November 2011 to December 2012. A total of 64 patients were randomized to fixed- and mobile-bearing TKA groups (32 patients in each group).

Ultrasonography for evaluation of hamstring tendon diameter: is it possible to predict the size of the graft?

Objective: Perform the preoperative measurement of the hamstring tendons using ultrasound imaging, validating and correlating the measured value with that found during surgical reconstruction of the ligament.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 24 patients who underwent ultrasonographic measurement of the semitendinosus and gracilis muscle tendons and were subsequently submitted to surgical reconstruction of the ACL, with ipsilateral semitendinosus and gracilis tendon grafting.

Results: The patients' ages ranged from 16 to 43 years, with a mean of 24.

Higher Gene Expression of Healing Factors in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Remnant in Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with remnant preservation has been described and related to potential advantages. Literature is lacking regarding gene expression of potential factors related to ligament healing in the ACL remnant and its relation to time from injury.

Hypothesis: The mRNA expression of ligament healing factors in the ACL remnant would be higher in acute tears (<3 months from injury) than in intermediate (3-12 months) and chronic (>12 months) injuries.

Quadriceps Strength Deficit at 6 Months After ACL Reconstruction Does Not Predict Return to Preinjury Sports Level.

Background: There is a lack of literature-based objective criteria for return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Establishing such objective criteria is crucial to improving return to sport after ACL reconstruction (ACLR).

Hypotheses: Patients who return to their preinjury level of sport will have higher isokinetic, postural stability, and drop vertical jump test scores 6 months after surgery and greater patient satisfaction compared with those who did not.

Relationship Between the Middle Genicular Artery and the Posterior Structures of the Knee: A Cadaveric Study.

Background: The middle genicular artery (MGA) is responsible for the blood supply to the cruciate ligaments and synovial tissue. Traumatic sports injuries and surgical procedures (open and arthroscopic) can cause vascular damage. Little attention has been devoted to establish safe parameters for the MGA.

An anatomic study of the posterior septum of the knee.

Purpose: To evaluate the posterior septum of the knee and determine the presence of a safe zone that could be removed, without significant damage to blood vessels and nerves.

Methods: Nineteen fresh unpaired adult human cadaveric knees, with no macroscopic degenerative or traumatic changes, were used in this study. Microscopic evaluation was performed by analysis of H&E, CD-34, and S-100 staining.