Linking emotional distress to unhealthy sleep duration: analysis of the 2009 National Health Interview Survey.

Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the independent association of emotional distress with unhealthy sleep duration (defined as <7 or >8 hours).

Methods: Data from the 2009 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a cross-sectional household survey, were analyzed to investigate the associations of emotional distress with unhealthy sleep durations, adjusting for sociodemographic factors, health risks, and chronic diseases through hierarchical multiple logistic regression analysis.

Participants: A total of 27,731 participants (age range 18-85 years) from the NHIS 2009 dataset were interviewed.

Factors associated with referrals for obstructive sleep apnea evaluation among community physicians.

Study Objectives: This study assessed knowledge and attitudes toward obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among community physicians and explored factors that are associated with referrals for OSA evaluation.

Methods: Medical students and residents collected data from a convenience sample of 105 physicians practicing at community-based clinics in a large metropolitan area. Average age was 48 ± 14 years; 68% were male, 70% black, 24% white, and 6% identified as "other.

Bone mineral density at 45 years of age, before menopause.

Objective: The objectives of this study were to investigate variations in bone mineral density values in 45-year-old women from a community sample in the City of Rio de Janeiro, in the same-name Brazilian state, and to compare them with US norms and international standards.

Design: In this cohort study, the age of 45 years is significant for the design, since clinical observation in this community indicates that it is approximately 5 years before menopause can be confirmed, thus preceding the typical postmenopause acceleration of the rate of bone loss. Nine hundred fifty-nine such women volunteered to participate in the investigation, conducted in 2 Rio de Janeiro teaching hospitals.

Psychodynamics instruction in early undergraduate medical education.

The inclusion of training in psychodynamics during the fourth year of a seven-year BS/MD program is justified by the psychosocial component of clinical care, newly appreciated in medicine as essential to professional competence. An effective, well-received module has been designed to fit a learner-centered active learning paradigm in which written medical cases and role-playing illustrate concepts studied.

Novel research translates to clinical cases of schizophrenic and cocaine psychosis.

Pharmacotherapies for schizophrenic and cocaine psychoses are complex but similar because of similarities in their brain neurochemistry and behavioral outcomes. Their neurochemical neuronal mechanisms of action, as shown in preclinical and clinical studies, involve primarily dopaminergic dysfunction and, secondarily, neuroadaptive effects that seem to involve central serotonergic function. Behavioral outcomes of both disorders include hyperactivity and antipsychotic medications can ameliorate psychotic symptoms.

Inhibition of platelet aggregation and expression of alpha granule membrane protein 140 and thromboxane B2 with pravastatin therapy for hypercholesterolemia.

The drugs in the group of the "statins" lower blood lipids, especially cholesterol, thereby reducing a risk factor for, and diminishing the incidence of, clinically important cerebrocardiovascular events. Cardiovascular events and stroke are significant causes of morbidity and mortality in China and the United States. Statins reduce platelet-mediated thrombus formation and atherosclerotic progression through mechanisms not completely elucidated.