Enhanced Diagnostic Precision: Assessing Tumor Differentiation in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Multi-Slice Spiral CT Texture Analysis.

This study explores the efficacy of texture analysis by using preoperative multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) to non-invasively determine the grade of cellular differentiation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In a retrospective study, MSCT scans of patients with HNSCC were analyzed and classified based on its histological grade as moderately differentiated, well-differentiated, or poorly differentiated. The location of the tumor was categorized as either in the bone or in soft tissues.

Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of the disc morphology of temporomandibular joint in patients with severe hemophilia.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the morphological differences in the articular disc (AD) between hemophilic patients and healthy individuals of the control group for further association with signs and symptoms.

Methods: Fourteen severe hemophilic patients had their AD evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The morphological findings were compared to those of a control group consisting of 14 healthy individuals.

Deep-Learning-Based Automatic Segmentation of Parotid Gland on Computed Tomography Images.

This study aims to develop an algorithm for the automatic segmentation of the parotid gland on CT images of the head and neck using U-Net architecture and to evaluate the model's performance. In this retrospective study, a total of 30 anonymized CT volumes of the head and neck were sliced into 931 axial images of the parotid glands. Ground truth labeling was performed with the CranioCatch Annotation Tool (CranioCatch, Eskisehir, Turkey) by two oral and maxillofacial radiologists.

Three-Dimensional Volumetric Analysis of Frontal Ethmoidal Cells and Evaluation of Influential Factors: A Helical Computed Tomography Study.

In the present study, we aimed to assess frontal ethmoidal cells by using segmentation 3D software to establish a possible correlation between volume variation and both gender and age, as well as a relationship with Keros classification. Helical computed tomography images were obtained from 71 patients for analysis, in which the agger nasi cell, supra agger cell, supra agger frontal cell, supra bulla frontal cell, supraorbital ethmoidal cell, supra bulla cell, and frontal septal cell were identified and segmented to obtain their volume. Significant differences in volume were found for age and gender regarding agger nasi cells (-value = 0.

Magnetic resonance imaging texture analysis to differentiate ameloblastoma from odontogenic keratocyst.

The differentiation between ameloblastoma (AB) and odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is essential for the formulation of the surgical plan, especially considering the biological behavior of these two pathological entities. Therefore, developing means to increase the accuracy of the diagnostic process is extremely important for a safe treatment. The aim of this study was to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based on texture analysis (TA) as an aid in differentiating AB from OKC.

Free three-dimensional image software in local extension assessment of oral squamous cell carcinoma: a pilot study.

Objective: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is conventionally treated by surgical resection, and positive surgical margins strongly increase local recurrence and decrease survival. This study aimed to evaluate whether a Three-Dimensional Segmentation (3DS) image of OSCC confers advantage over Multiplanar Reconstruction (MPR) of OSCC using images of computed tomography scan in surgical planning of tumor resection.

Methods: Twenty-six patients with locally advanced OSCC had tumor morphology and dimensions evaluated by MPR images, 3DS images, and Surgical Pathology Specimen (SPS) analyses (gold standard).

In vivo study of cone beam computed tomography texture analysis of mandibular condyle and its correlation with gender and age.

Objective: Texture analysis is an image processing method that aims to assess the distribution of gray-level intensity and spatial organization of the pixels in the image. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the texture analysis applied to cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images could detect variation in the condyle trabecular bone of individuals from different age groups and genders.

Methods: The sample consisted of imaging exams from 63 individuals divided into three groups according to age groups of 03-13, 14-24 and 25-34.

Eccentric movements of temporomandibular joint and upper airway volume: Three-dimensional segmentation using cone beam computed tomography.

Objective: The purpose of the present investigation was to assess whether possible changes in the dynamic movements of the TMJ might cause a greater variation between the volumes of the upper airways in open- and closed-mouth positions.

Methods: CBCT scans of 92 subjects were used to assess the TMJ bilaterally. All scans were acquired in closed (CM) and maximum mouth opening (MMO) positions.

Morphology, Volume, and Density Characteristics of the Parotid Glands before and after Chemoradiation Therapy in Patients with Head and Neck Tumors.

The multimodal approach for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) includes treatment with chemoradiation therapy (CRT). A common concern regarding CRT side effects is the occurrence of structural and physiological alterations of the salivary glands due to exposure to ionizing radiation. The aim of this study is to examine the morphology, volume, and density of the parotid glands before and after CRT in HNC patients.

Association of volume and voxel intensity of the articular disc and lateral pterygoid muscle in migraine patients: a study with magnetic resonance imaging.

To compare the volume and voxel intensity of articular disc and lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) between a group of migraine patients and a control group (those without history of headache) by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI scans of 17 migraine patients and 15 healthy controls subjects were analysed and processed, using ITK-SNAP software, by a single investigator, for calculation of volumes and voxel intensity of articular disc and superior and inferior head of LPM. There were statistically significant differences between migraine patients and controls regarding the volume and voxel intensity of articular disc and inferior head of LPM, increasing in migraine patients.

Influence of voxel size on the accuracy of linear measurements of the condyle in images of cone beam computed tomography: A pilot study.

Background: To analyze the influence of voxel size and exposure time on the accuracy of linear measurements of the condyle.

Material And Methods: Four macerated hemi-mandibles of pigs were scanned in nine different voxel size protocols. Three-dimensional models of the condyle were generated in order to establish a comparison between linear measurements obtained with each voxel protocol and those obtained with a caliper (gold standard).

Three-Dimensional Volume Imaging to Increase the Accuracy of Surgical Management in a Case of Recurrent Chordoma of the Clivus.

BACKGROUND The clivus is a depression in the anterior occipital bone of the skull base, posterior to the dorsum sellae, at the junction with the sphenoid bone. Chordoma is a rare tumor arising from embryonic remnants of the notochord and can be locally aggressive with a tendency to recur. The optimal management of this rare tumor remains controversial.

Magnetic resonance imaging appearance of foreign-body granulomatous reactions to dermal cosmetic fillers.

Foreign body granulomas can develop after the injection of various cosmetic filling materials into the facial area to flatten wrinkles. Clinically, reactive lesions are easily mistaken for soft-tissue neoplasms or cysts. This report presents a case of foreign body granuloma in a 52-year-old female patient complaining of a painless swelling in the nasolabial region.

Three-dimensional volumetric analysis of ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma using 3-D reconstruction software: a case report.

Objective: Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma is a very rare malignant neoplasm. Tumor volume may be a more precise alternative for determining size, which is usually measured by maximum linear dimension. The purpose of this case report is to highlight the importance of obtaining 3-dimensional (3-D) images of the tumor for volumetric analysis to improve the chances of surgical success.